Kafka + SpringData + (Avro & String) 【Can't convert value of class java.lang.String】问题解决

【1】需求：Kafka 使用 Avero 反序列化时，同时需要对 String 类型的 JSON数据进行反序列化。AvroConfig的配置信息如下：

/**
 * @author zzx
 * @creat 2020-03-11-20:23
 */
@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class AvroConfig {    
    //生产者配置 略。。。。 主要说消费者问题
    //消费者配置 avro 反序列化如下    主要是注入 Bean 的名称不同
    @Bean
    public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
		//主要区别
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, AvroDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "avro");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG,"latest");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG,"true");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_COMMIT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG,"1000");
        return props;
    }
	
    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<String, LatData> consumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs(), new StringDeserializer(),
                new AvroDeserializer<>(LatData.class));
    }
	
    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, LatData> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, LatData> factory =
                new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }
	
    //消费者配置 String 反序列化如下
    @Bean
    public Map<String, Object> stringConsumerConfigs() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
		//主要区别
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG,"latest");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG,"true");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_COMMIT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG,"1000");
        return props;
    }
	
    @Bean
    public DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory stringConsumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(stringConsumerConfigs(), new StringDeserializer(),
                new StringDeserializer());
    }

    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, Object> stringKafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, Object> factory =
                new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(stringConsumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }
	
}

【2】消费者监听：当直接使用  @KafkaListener(topics = {"xx"})时，出现反序列化错误问题。

@KafkaListener(topics = {LOADING_TOPIC_NAME})
public void revice(String data) throws Exception {

【3】问题： ERROR c.y.c.exception.BDExceptionHandler - Can't convert value of class java.lang.String to class com.yunda.common.utils.avro.AvroSerializer specified in value.serializer
org.apache.kafka.common.errors.SerializationException: Can't convert value of class java.lang.String to class com.yunda.common.utils.avro.AvroSerializer specified in value.serializer
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificRecordBase

ERROR c.y.c.exception.BDExceptionHandler - Can't convert value of class java.lang.String to class com.yunda.common.utils.avro.AvroSerializer specified in value.serializer
org.apache.kafka.common.errors.SerializationException: Can't convert value of class java.lang.String to class com.yunda.common.utils.avro.AvroSerializer specified in value.serializer
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificRecordBase

【4】问题解决：添加具体需要使用的容器 containerFactory 问题迎刃而解

@KafkaListener(topics = {ENTRY_TOPIC_NAME},containerFactory="stringkafkaListenerContainerFactory")
public void revice(String data) throws Exception {