c++课设实现学生管理系统（本人能力有限，基本功能能实现，但方法可能不是很好，还有待提高）

c++课设实现学生管理系统（本人能力有限，基本功能能实现，但方法可能不是很好，还有待提高）

开发环境：visual studio2019
项目：学生管理系统
功能；1.信息录入，2.查询，3.增加，4.修改，5.删除
学生基本信息包括：学号，姓名，性别，数学成绩，英语成绩，计算机成绩和总成绩七个数据项
需求：用到文件操作

我将类与结构体写到LinkList.h头文件里，主函数与普通函数写到system.cpp文件里。

成果界面：
以张三，黄五学生为例

附上代码：
LinkList.h头文件（运用了单链表的知识）

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

typedef struct student {//学生信息结构体
	string name;//姓名
	string id;//学号
	string gender;//性别
	float math;//数学成绩
	float english;//英语成绩
	float computer;//计算机成绩
	float sumscore;//总成绩
	student* next;//next指针
}student, * stu;


class LinkList {
public:
	LinkList();//建立只有头结点的单链表
	LinkList(string names, string ids, string genders, float maths, float englishs, float computers);//建立单链表
	~LinkList();//析构函数
	student* Locate(string names);//按名查找。
	bool change(string names, float newmath, float newenglish, float newcomputer);//修改信息
	void Insert(string names, string ids, string genders, float maths, float englishs, float computers);//增加操作
	bool Delete(string names);//删除操作，
	void PrintList();//遍历操作，按序号依次输入各元素
	struct student* first;//单链表的头指针
//private:
};

LinkList::LinkList() {//类函数，建立只有头结点的单链表
	first = new student;
	first->next = nullptr;
}

LinkList::LinkList(string names, string ids, string genders, float maths, float englishs, float computers) {//类函数，建立单链表
	float sumscores;
	first = new student;
	first->next = nullptr;
	student* s = nullptr;
	s = new student;
	s->name = names;
	s->id = ids;
	s->gender = genders;
	s->math = maths;
	s->english = englishs;
	s->computer = computers;
	sumscores = maths + englishs + computers;
	s->sumscore = sumscores;
	s->next = first->next;
	first->next = s;
}

LinkList::~LinkList() {//类函数，析构函数
	student* p = first;
	while (first != nullptr) {
		first = first->next;
		delete p;
		p = first;
	}
}

student* LinkList::Locate(string names) {//类函数，按名字查找。查找值为names的元素符号
	student* p = first->next;
	int count = 1;
	while (p != nullptr) {
		if (p->name == names)return p;
		p = p->next;
		count++;
	}
	return nullptr;//退出循环表明查找失败
}

void LinkList::Insert(string names, string ids, string genders, float maths, float englishs, float computers) {//类函数，增加操作
	student* p = first, * s = nullptr;
	float sumscores;
	s = new student;
	s->name = names;
	s->id = ids;
	s->gender = genders;
	s->math = maths;
	s->english = englishs;
	s->computer = computers;
	sumscores = maths + englishs + computers;
	s->sumscore = sumscores;
	s->next = p->next;
	first->next = s;
}

bool LinkList::Delete(string names) {//类函数，删除操作
	student* p = first->next, * s = first, * q = nullptr;
	q = new student;
	while (p != nullptr && p->name != names) {
		p = p->next;
		s = s->next;
	}
	if (p->name == names) {
		s->next = p->next;
		q = p;
		delete q;
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

void LinkList::PrintList() {//类函数，遍历操作，按序号依次输出各元素
	student* p = first->next;
	cout << "姓名" << "         " << "学号" << "      " << "性别" << "     " << "数学" << "    " << "英语" << "   " << "计算机" << "  " << "总成绩" << endl;
	while (p != nullptr) {
		cout << p->name << "\t" << p->id << "\t" << p->gender << "\t" << p->math << "\t" << p->english << "\t" << p->computer << "\t" << p->sumscore << endl;
		p = p->next;
	}
	cout << endl;
}

bool LinkList::change(string names,float newmath,float newenglish,float newcomputer ) {//类函数，按名字查找。查找值为names的元素符号,修改成绩
	student* p = first->next;
	while (p != nullptr) {
		if (p->name == names)break;
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (p == nullptr)return false;
	if (newmath >= 0)p->math = newmath;
	if (newenglish >= 0)p->english = newenglish;
	if (newcomputer >= 0)p->computer = newcomputer;
	p->sumscore = p->math + p->english + p->computer;
	return true;
}

system.cpp源文件

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <LinkList.h>
using namespace std;

void readdata(LinkList *s) {//将文件里的信息提取到单链表中
	student* p = s->first, * pp = nullptr,*ppp=nullptr;//*ppp指针是用于解决eof()函数所引起的末尾重复问题
	ifstream out("student.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!out) {
		cout << "文件打开失败！" << endl;
		return;
	}
	while (!out.eof()){
		pp = new student;
		if (out.peek() == EOF)break;
		out >> pp->name >> pp->id >>pp->gender >>pp->math >> pp->english >> pp->computer >> pp->sumscore;
		p ->next= pp;
		ppp = p;
		p = p->next;
	}
	ppp ->next = nullptr;
	out.close();
}

void writedata(LinkList* s) {//将单链表信息写入文件
	student* p = s->first->next;
	ofstream in("student.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!in) {
		cout << "文件无法创建" << endl;
		return;
	}
	while (p != nullptr) {
		in << p->name << "\t" << p->id << "\t" <<p->gender<<"\t"<< p->math << "\t" << p->english << "\t" << p->computer << "\t" << p->sumscore << "\n";
		p = p->next;
	}
	in.close();
}

void writein(LinkList* s) {//学生信息的录入，添加
	int number(0);
	string name, id,gender;
	float math, english, computer;
	int choose;
	do {
		cout << "学生的姓名:";
		cin >> name;
		cout << "学生的学号:";
		cin >> id;
		cout << "学生的性别:";
		cin >> gender;
		cout << "学生的数学成绩:";
		cin >> math;
		cout << "学生的英语成绩:";
		cin >> english;
		cout << "学生的计算机成绩:";
		cin >> computer;
		s->Insert(name, id, gender, math, english, computer);
		cout << "请选择你接下来的操作(0:退出 任意;继续录入信息)：";
		cin >> choose;
	} while (choose != 0);
}

void finddata(LinkList* s) {//查找函数
	student* p;
	int choose;
	string names;
	cout << "所有学生的信息" << endl;
	s->PrintList();
	while (true) {
		cout <<"可以继续选择以下操作"<<endl
			<< "1.姓名查询" << endl
			<< "0.退出查询" << endl
			<< "请选择你的操作：";
		cin >> choose;
		if (choose == 0)return;
		else {
			cout << "输入你想查询的名字：";
			cin >> names;
			p = s->Locate(names);
			if (p == nullptr)cout << "数据库中不存在该学生信息。"<<endl<<endl;
			else cout << p->name << "\t" << p->id << "\t" << p->gender << "\t" << p->math << "\t" << p->english << "\t" << p->computer << "\t" << p->sumscore << endl<<endl;
		}
	}
}

void changedata(LinkList* s) {//修改函数
	string name;
	float math, english, computer;
	int choose;
	bool judge;
	do {
		cout << "输入你想修改学生信息的姓名：";
		cin >> name;
		cout << "依次输出你想修改的数学，英语，计算机成绩(若不变则输入负数)：";
		cin >> math >> english >> computer;
		judge = s->change(name, math, english, computer);
		if (judge == false)cout << "修改失败，或许数据库中不存在该名同学"<<endl<<endl;
		else cout << "修改成功！" << endl<<endl;
		cout << "请选择你接下来进行的操作（0:退出 任意;继续修改信息）";
		cin >> choose;
	} while (choose != 0);
}

void deletedata(LinkList* s) {//删除函数
	string name;
	int choose;
	bool judge;
	do {
		cout << "输入你想删除学生信息的姓名：";
		cin >> name;
		judge = s->Delete(name);
		if (judge == false)cout << "删除失败，或许数据库中不存在该名同学" << endl << endl;
		else cout << "删除成功！" << endl << endl;
		cout << "请选择你接下来进行的操作（0:退出 任意;继续删除信息）";
		cin >> choose;
	} while (choose != 0);
}


int main() {//主函数
	class LinkList* stud =new LinkList;
	char choose;
	bool judge=true;
	readdata(stud);
	while (judge) {
		cout << "----------------------------------------"<< endl
			<< "    欢迎使用小小城序员学生管理系统      " << endl
			<< "           1.学生信息录入               " << endl
			<< "           2.学生信息的查询             " << endl
			<< "           3.添加学生信息               " << endl
			<< "           4.修改学生信息               " << endl
			<< "           5.删除学生信息               " << endl
			<< "           6.退出系统                   " << endl
			<< "----------------------------------------" << endl;
		cout << "请选择你的操作:";
		cin >> choose;
		switch (choose)
		{
		case '1':
			writein(stud);
			writedata(stud);
			break;
		case '2':
			finddata(stud);
			break;
		case '3':
			writein(stud);
			writedata(stud);
			break;
		case '4':
			changedata(stud);
			writedata(stud);
			break;
		case '5':
			deletedata(stud);
			writedata(stud);
			break;
		case '6':
			judge = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "输入有误,请重新输入！";
			break;
		}
	}
	cout << "再见！";
}

本人能力有限，只能实现到这种程度。代码或许也不是很规范，实现的方法或许也不是很好，但我也一直在努力学习。程序中有不当的地方或者有待改进的地方，希望各位可以提出。