Mybatis的多表关联查询(多对多)

mybatis中的多表查询:

	示例:用户和角色
		一个用户可以有多个角色
		一个角色可以赋予多个用户
	步骤:
		1、建立两张表:用户表,角色表
			让用户表和角色表具有多对多的关系。需要使用中间表,中间表中包含各自的主键,在中间表中是外键。
		2、建立两个实体类:用户实体类和角色实体类
			让用户和角色的实体类能体现出来多对多的关系
			各自包含对方一个集合引用
		3、建立两个配置文件
			用户的配置文件
			角色的配置文件
		4、实现配置:
			当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息
			当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息

项目目录结构

在这里插入图片描述

实现 Role 到 User 多对多

多对多关系其实我们看成是双向的一对多关系。

业务要求

需求:
当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息。
分析:
查询角色我们需要用到Role表,但角色分配的用户的信息我们并不能直接找到用户信息,而是要通过中间表(USER_ROLE 表)才能关联到用户信息。

用户与角色的关系模型

用户与角色的多对多关系模型如下:
在这里插入图片描述

角色表:
在这里插入图片描述
用户表:
在这里插入图片描述
用户角色中间表:
在这里插入图片描述

编写角色实体类

Role:

package com.keafmd.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: Role
 * @Description: 角色实体类
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-12 16:45
 */
public class Role implements Serializable {
    
    

    private Integer roleId;
    private String roleName;
    private String roleDesc;

    //多对多的关系映射
    private List<User> users;

    public List<User> getUsers() {
    
    
        return users;
    }

    public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
    
    
        this.users = users;
    }

    public Integer getRoleId() {
    
    
        return roleId;
    }

    public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {
    
    
        this.roleId = roleId;
    }

    public String getRoleName() {
    
    
        return roleName;
    }

    public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
    
    
        this.roleName = roleName;
    }

    public String getRoleDesc() {
    
    
        return roleDesc;
    }

    public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
    
    
        this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
    
    
        return "Role{" +
                "roleId=" + roleId +
                ", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
                ", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

编写 Role 持久层接口

IRoleDao:

package com.keafmd.dao;
import com.keafmd.domain.Role;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: IRoleDao
 * @Description:
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-12 19:01
 */

public interface IRoleDao {
    
    

    /**
     * 查询所有角色
     * @return
     */
    List<Role> findAll();

}

实现的 SQL 语句

select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r  
left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid  
left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid 

执行结果:
在这里插入图片描述

注意:sql语句换行的时候最好在每行的末尾或开头添加空格,这样可以防止合并成一行时发生错误。

编写映射文件

IRoleDao.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao">

    <!--定义role表的resultmap-->
    <resultMap id="roleMap" type="role">
        <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>
        <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>
        <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>
        <collection property="users" ofType="user">
            <id column="id" property="id"></id>
            <result column="username" property="username"></result>
            <result column="address" property="address"></result>
            <result column="sex" property="sex"></result>
            <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <!--查询所有-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="roleMap">
        select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r
        left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid
        left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid
    </select>

</mapper>

测试代码

RoleTest:

package com.keafmd.test;

import com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao;
import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao;
import com.keafmd.domain.Role;
import com.keafmd.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: MybatisTest
 * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24
 */
public class RoleTest {
    
    

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession sqlsession;
    private IRoleDao roleDao;

    @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行
    public void init()throws Exception{
    
    
        //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
        sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了
        //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
        roleDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IRoleDao.class);
    }

    @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行
    public void destory() throws Exception{
    
    
        //提交事务
        sqlsession.commit();
        //6.释放资源
        sqlsession.close();
        in.close();
    }



    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
    
    
        List<Role> roles = roleDao.findAll();
        for (Role role : roles) {
    
    
            System.out.println("--------每个角色的信息---------");
            System.out.println(role);
            System.out.println(role.getUsers());
           
        }
    }

}

运行结果:

2021-02-13 00:05:47,481 349    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Opening JDBC Connection
2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Created connection 1027007693.
2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:05:47,791 659    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - ==>  Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid
2021-02-13 00:05:47,842 710    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - ==> Parameters: 
2021-02-13 00:05:47,869 737    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - <==      Total: 4
--------每个角色的信息---------
Role{
    
    roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}
[User{
    
    id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}, User{
    
    id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018}]
--------每个角色的信息---------
Role{
    
    roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'}
[User{
    
    id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}]
--------每个角色的信息---------
Role{
    
    roleId=3, roleName='校长', roleDesc='管理整个学校'}
[]
2021-02-13 00:05:47,871 739    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool.

Process finished with exit code 0

实现 User 到 Role 的多对多

业务要求

需求:
当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息。

分析:
相比上面的实现 Role 到 User 多对多,主要变化就是sql语句的变化。

编写用户实体类

User:

package com.keafmd.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: User
 * @Description:
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:16
 */

public class User implements Serializable {
    
    
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String sex;
    private String address;
    private Date birthday;

    //多对多的关系映射,一个用户可以具备多个角色
    private List<Role> roles;

    public List<Role> getRoles() {
    
    
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
    
    
        this.roles = roles;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
    
    
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
    
    
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
    
    
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
    
    
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getSex() {
    
    
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
    
    
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
    
    
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
    
    
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
    
    
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    
    
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
    
    
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                '}';
    }
}

编写 User持久层接口

IUserDao:

package com.keafmd.dao;

import com.keafmd.domain.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: IUserDao
 * @Description: 用户的持久层接口
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-06 19:29
 */

public interface IUserDao {
    
    
    /**
     * 查询所有用户,同时获取到用户下所有账户的信息
     * @return
     */
    List<User> findAll();

}

实现的 SQL 语句

   select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u 
   left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid 
   left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid 

执行结果:
在这里插入图片描述

编写映射文件

IUserDao.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao">

    <!--定义User的resultMap-->
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="user">
        <id property="id" column="id"></id>
        <result property="username" column="username"></result>
        <result property="address" column="address"></result>
        <result property="sex" column="sex"></result>
        <result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>
        <!--配置角色集合的映射-->
        <collection property="roles" ofType="role">
            <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>
            <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>
            <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>
        </collection>

    </resultMap>

    <!--配置查询所有-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u
        left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid
        left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid

    </select>

</mapper>

测试代码

UserTest :

package com.keafmd.test;

import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao;
import com.keafmd.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Keafmd
 *
 * @ClassName: MybatisTest
 * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作
 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24
 */
public class UserTest {
    
    

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession sqlsession;
    private IUserDao userDao;

    @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行
    public void init()throws Exception{
    
    
        //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
        sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了
        //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
        userDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
    }

    @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行
    public void destory() throws Exception{
    
    
        //提交事务
        sqlsession.commit();
        //6.释放资源
        sqlsession.close();
        in.close();
    }



    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
    
    
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        for (User user : users) {
    
    
            System.out.println("--------每个用户的信息---------");
            System.out.println(user);
            System.out.println(user.getRoles());
        }
    }

}

运行结果:

2021-02-13 00:17:32,971 422    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Opening JDBC Connection
2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Created connection 1027007693.
2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:17:33,280 731    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - ==>  Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid
2021-02-13 00:17:33,319 770    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - ==> Parameters: 
2021-02-13 00:17:33,343 794    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - <==      Total: 10
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}
[Role{
    
    roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}, Role{
    
    roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'}]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=42, username='update', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 19:37:31 CST 2021}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=43, username='小二王', sex='女', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 11:34:34 CST 2018}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018}
[Role{
    
    roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=50, username='Keafmd', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 15:44:01 CST 2021}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=51, username='update DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:31:38 CST 2021}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=52, username='Keafmd DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:29:41 CST 2021}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=53, username='Keafmd laset insertid 1', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 20:53:46 CST 2021}
[]
--------每个用户的信息---------
User{
    
    id=54, username='Keafmd laset insertid 2 auto', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 21:02:12 CST 2021}
[]
2021-02-13 00:17:33,345 796    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]
2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool.

Process finished with exit code 0

以上就是Mybatis的多表关联查询(多对多)的全部内容。

看完如果对你有帮助,感谢点赞支持!
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在这里插入图片描述

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_43883917/article/details/113798126