Mybatis -- 复杂查询环境搭建,多对一的处理,一对多的处理、按结果嵌套查询(推荐)、按照查询嵌套处理

一. 复杂查询环境搭建

具体情况:
多个学生,对应一个老师

  • 对于学生这边而言, 关联 ,多个学生,关联一个老师 【多对一】
  • 对于老师而言, 集合 , 一个老师,有很多学生 【一对多】

工程目录如下:

1) 搭建数据表 Teacher、Student

  • Teacher 数据表包含两个字段 id、name

  • Student 数据表包含三个字段 id、name、tid

2) 导入lombok

在 Maven 工程 pom.xml 导入 LomBok.jar包

        <!--LOG4J-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

3) 新建实体类 Teacher,Student

使用注解形式创建实体类 Teacher,Student

  • Teacher 实体类
@Data
public class Teacher {
    
    
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

  • Student 实体类
@Data
public class Student {
    
    

    private int id;
    private String name;

    // 多个学生关联一个老师
    private Teacher teacher;
}

4) 建立Mapper接口

  • TeacherMapper
public interface TeacherMapper {
    
    

    // 根据id号查询
    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}
  • StudentMapper
public interface StudentMapper {
    
    
}

5) 建立Mapper.XML文件

创建 TeacherMapper.xml 和 StudentMapper.xml 配置文件

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">
</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">
</mapper>

6) 在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件

在 mybatis-config 配置文件中:

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.dao.TeacherMapper"></mapper>
        <mapper class="com.dao.StudentMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>

7) 测试查询是否能够成功

    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper teacherMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = teacherMapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

二. 多对一的处理 – (学生对老师)

1) Teacher、Student 实体类

  • Teacher 实体类
@Data
public class Teacher {
    
    
    private int id;
    private String name;
}
  • Student 实体类
@Data
public class Student {
    
    

    private int id;
    private String name;

    // 多个学生关联一个老师
    private Teacher teacher;
}

2)TeacherMapper、StudentMapper 接口

  • TeacherMapper
public interface TeacherMapper {
    
    

    // 根据id号查询
    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}
  • StudentMapper
public interface StudentMapper {
    
    
    // 多对一
    // 方式一
    public List<Student> getStudent1();
    // 方式二
    public List<Student> getStudent2();
}

3) TeacherMapper.xml、StudentMapper.xml 配置文件 (按结果嵌套查询(推荐)、按照查询嵌套处理)

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">
    <!-- 多对一 -->
    <!-- 方式一(子查询)按照查询嵌套处理 -->
    <select id="getStudent1" resultMap="StudentTeacher1">
        select * from student
    </select>

    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher1" type="Student"><!-- resultmap -->
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
        <!--复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection -->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <!-- 方式二(连表查询)按照结果嵌套处理 -->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.id tid, t.name tname
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid = t.id;
    </select>

    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="id" column="tid"/>
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
</mapper>

4) 测试

public class My_Test {
    
    

    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper teacherMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = teacherMapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getStudent1(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> list = studentMapper.getStudent1();
        for(Student student:list){
    
    
            System.out.println(student);
        }

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getStudent2(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> list = studentMapper.getStudent2();
        for(Student student:list){
    
    
            System.out.println(student);
        }

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

三. 一对多的处理 – (老师对学生)

1) Teacher、Student 实体类

  • Teacher 实体类
@Data
public class Teacher {
    
    
    private int id;
    private String name;

    private List<Student> students;
}

  • Student 实体类
@Data
public class Student {
    
    

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String tid;
}

2)TeacherMapper、StudentMapper 接口

  • TeacherMapper 接口
public interface TeacherMapper {
    
    
    List<Teacher> getTeacher();

    Teacher getTeacher1(int id);

    Teacher getTeacher2(int id);
}
  • StudentMapper 接口
public interface StudentMapper {
    
    


}

3) TeacherMapper.xml、StudentMapper.xml 配置文件 (按结果嵌套查询(推荐)、按照查询嵌套处理)

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">

    <!-- 测试代码1 -->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher
    </select>

    <!--按结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getTeacher1" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        <!--复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection
        javaType="" 指定属性的类型!
        集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
        -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
            <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <!-- 按照查询嵌套处理 -->
    <select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
        <collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
        select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
    </select>

</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">

</mapper>

4) 测试

public class My_Test 
{
    
    
    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
    
    
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        List<Teacher> teachers = mapper.getTeacher();
        for(Teacher teacher: teachers){
    
    
            System.out.println(teacher);
        }

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }


    @Test
    public void getTeacher1(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher1(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getTeacher2(){
    
    
        //第一步:获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher2(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

四. 小结

- 关联 - association 【多对一】 - 集合 - collection 【一对多】 - javaType & ofType 1) JavaType 用来指定实体类中属性的类型 2) ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的 pojo类型,泛型中的约束类型! - 注意点: 1) 保证SQL的可读性,尽量保证通俗易懂 2) 注意一对多和多对一中,属性名和字段的问题! 3) 如果问题不好排查错误,可以使用日志 , 建议使用 Log4j

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转载自blog.csdn.net/Kc635908933/article/details/112868168