1、下载升级包所需软件
boost_1_60_0.tar.gz http://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_60_0.html
gcc-4.8.0.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/ 必须
isl-0.11.1.tar.gz http://isl.gforge.inria.fr/ 必须
mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/gnu/mpc/ 必须
cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/ 必须
gmp-5.1.3.tar.gz http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/GNU/gmp/ 必须
libelf-0.8.13.tar.gz http://www.mr511.de/software/english.html 必须
mpfr-3.1.3.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/ 必须
2、依次安装相关的软件
tar -jxvf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
cd gmp-6.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
tar -zxvf mpfr-3.1.3.tar.gz
cd mpfr-3.1.3
./configure --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
--with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
--prefix=/usr/local/mpfr
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
tar -zxvf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
cd mpc-1.0.3
./configure --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include \
--with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib \
--with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
--with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
--prefix=/usr/local/mpc
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
tar -zxvf isl-0.11.tar.gz
cd isl-0.11
./configure --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/isl
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
tar -zxvf cloog-0.18.0.tar.gz
cd cloog-0.18.0
./configure --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp \
--with-isl-prefix=/usr/local/isl \
--prefix=/usr/local/cloog
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
tar -zxvf gcc-4.8.0.tar.gz
cd gcc-4.8.0
编译安装gcc是需要指定各个依赖库的文件目录
vi /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/isl/lib
/usr/local/cloog/lib
/usr/local/mpc/lib
/usr/local/mpfr/lib
/usr/local/gmp/lib
保存、退出后执行命令 ldconfig
./configure \
--with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr \
--with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp \
--with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc \
--with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include \
--with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib \
--with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
--with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
--with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib \
--with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include \
--with-isl-include=/usr/local/isl/include \
--with-isl-lib=/usr/local/isl/lib/ \
--with-cloog-include=/usr/local/cloog/include \
--with-cloog-lib=/usr/local/cloog/lib \
--enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java \
--enable-threads=posix \
--disable-multilib \
--with-pkgversion='SUSE Linux'
make -j 4 && make install && echo $?
3、验证
gcc -v
4、报错解决
1）解压gcc安装包直接编译
错误信息：
configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify their locatio
错误原因：
对gcc源码编译安装，需要GMP 4.2+,MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+的事先安装，如果检测不到默认头文件和库文件里存在上述安装包文件，则会报错。
解决方案：
通过安装gmp,mpfr,mpc安装包，并指定其库文件路径进行编译gcc即可，具体版本和安装步骤详细参考上述安装步骤。
安装gmp,mpfr,mpc后执行下面编译脚本进行编译
./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib --with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --disable-multilib
2）编译mpc安装包出错
错误信息：
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../../../lib64/libmpfr.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [libmpc.la] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/mpc-1.0.3/src'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/mpc-1.0.3'
make: *** [all] Error 2
错误原因：
编译mpc源码时，没有指定gmp、mpfr对应的安装路径（主要是库文件和头文件路径）
解决方案：
在编译脚本里加入相应的gmp、mpfr安装路径或者库文件+头文件路径
./configure --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --prefix=/usr/local/mpc
或者
./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/mpc
3）带gmp、mpfr、mpc编译参数，编译gcc源码出错
错误信息：
conftest.c:10:25: error: isl/version.h: No such file or directory
错误原因：
没安装isl安装包
解决方案：
安装isl-0.11.1.tar.gz,具体安装步骤参照上面内容。
4）源码编译isl出错
错误信息：
./.libs/libisl.so: undefined reference to `__gmp_get_memory_functions'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [isl_cat] Error 1
./.libs/libisl.so: undefined reference to `__gmp_get_memory_functions'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [isl_polyhedron_detect_equalities] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/isl-0.12.2'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/isl-0.12.2'
make: *** [all] Error 2
错误原因：
isl编译安装，需要在指定gmp的安装路径
解决方案：
在编译参数里指定gmp的安装路径，并且格式为--with-gmp-prefix==，不能用--with-gmp
./configure --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/isl
参考文件：https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/isl-development/ejZLCmty4Nc/PrKXb9noTCoJ
5）安装完gmp,mpfr,mpc,isl后，源码编译gcc出错
错误信息：
configure:6098: gcc -c -g -O2 -DCLOOG_INT_GMP -I/usr/local/isl/include -I/usr/local/gmp/include -I/usr/local/mpfr/include -I/usr/local/mpc/include conftest.c >&5
conftest.c:10:27: error: cloog/version.h: No such file or directory
conftest.c: In function 'main':
conftest.c:15: error: 'choke' undeclared (first use in this function)
conftest.c:15: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
conftest.c:15: error: for each function it appears in.)
conftest.c:15: error: expected ';' before 'me'
错误原因：
缺少安装包cloog，没找到相应的库文件。
解决方案：
安装cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz ，具体安装步骤参照上面安装步骤，安装cloog后，继续编译gcc
./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib --with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include --with-isl-include=/usr/local/isl/include --with-isl-lib=/usr/local/isl/lib/ --with-cloog-include=/usr/local/cloog/include --with-cloog-lib=/usr/local/cloog/lib --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --disable-multilib --disable-bootstrap --disable-libstdcxx-pch
6）安装cloog遇到下属错误
错误信息：
./conftest: error while loading shared libraries: libisl.so.10: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
错误原因：
找不到isl的库文件，需要在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加以下内容/usr/local/isl/lib，并通过ldconfig使其生效。
解决方案：
通过LD_LIBRARY_PATH指定isl库文件路径或者在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加以下内容/usr/local/isl/lib，并通过ldconfig使其生效。然后通过相应的编辑参数指定isl的库文件和头文件，进行cloog编译安装。通过strings /etc/ld.so.cache | grep libisl 查看是否已经将库文件写入缓存。
7)下属错误可以忽略
错误信息01：
conftest.cpp:11:2: error: #error -static-libstdc++ not implemented
8)下属错误可以忽略
错误信息：
ldconfig: /usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start.
错误原因：
/usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py 文件类型错误
解决方案：
rm /usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py
5、参考文档
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9450394/how-to-install-gcc-piece-by-piece-with-gmp-mpfr-mpc-elf-without-shared-libra
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/isl-development/ejZLCmty4Nc/PrKXb9noTCoJ