C语言结构体讲解

C语言结构体讲解

定义结构

结构体的定义用struct语句

struct  name
{
	menmber-list
	menmber-list
	...
};

member-list是标准的变量定义,比如 int a; double b,或者一些其他有效的变量定义

例如定义一个学生的结构体

struct  Student
{
	char *name;
	char *id;
	int  age;
};

结构体的初始化

定义时赋值

Student student= {"张三", "2020313",  18 };

定义后逐个赋值

struct Student student;
student.name = "Zhang";
student.id   =  "2017001";
student.age  = 18;

访问结构体成员

当需要访问结构体成员时,使用成员访问运算符(.)

#include<stdio.h>
struct  Student
{
	char *name;
	char *id;
	int  age;
};
int main()
{
    struct Student student = {"Zhangsan", "202001",  18 };
    printf("student1 name : %s\n", student.name);
    printf("student1 id   : %s\n", student.id);
    printf("student1 age  : %d\n", student.age);
    return 0;
}

输出如下:
student1 name : Zhangsan
student1 id   : 202001
student1 age  : 18

结构体作为函数参数

#include<stdio.h>
struct  Student
{
	char *name;
	char *id;
	int  age;
};
void Print(struct Student s)
{
    printf("student1 name : %s\n", s.name);
    printf("student1 id   : %s\n", s.id);
    printf("student1 age  : %d\n", s.age);
}
int main()
{
    struct Student student = {"Zhangsan", "202001",  18 };
    Print(student);
    return 0;
}

输出如下:
student1 name : Zhangsan
student1 id   : 202001
student1 age  : 18