Centos7 nginx+tomcat实现动静分离

介绍:

 Nginx动静分离简单来说就是把动态跟静态请求分开,不能理解成只是单纯的把动态页面和静态页面物理分离。严格意义上说应该是动态请求跟静态请求分开,可以理解成使用Nginx 处理静态页面, Tomcat、 Resin处理动态页面。
 动静分离从目前实现角度来讲大致分为两种,一种是纯粹的把静态文件独立成单独的域名,放在独立的服务器上,也是目前主流推崇的方案;另外一种方法就是动态跟静态文件混合在一起发布,通过 nginx 来分开。这样也是本次要讲解的,通过 location 指定不同的后缀名实现不同的请求转发。
 通过 expires 参数设置,可以使浏览器缓存过期时间,减少与服务器之前的请求和流量。具体 Expires 定义:是给一个资源设定一个过期时间,也就是说无需去服务端验证,直接通过浏览器自身确认是否过期即可,所以不会产生额外的流量。
 此种方法非常适合不经常变动的资源。(如果经常更新的文件,不建议使用 Expires 来缓存),可以设置 3d,表示在这 3 天之内访问这个 URL,发送一个请求,比对服务器该文件最后更新时间没有变化,则不会从服务器抓取,返回状态码 304,如果有修改,则直接从服务器重新下载,返回状态码 200。

准备工作:Centos7 yum安装tomcat

 :Centos7 tomcat自定义jsp网页并修改默认端口

系统环境

[root@ecs-4082 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 
[root@ecs-4082 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:8f:9b:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.2.10/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 56141sec preferred_lft 56141sec
    inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe8f:9b37/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

一、安装nginx:

1、配置yum,就可以使用yum安装nginx

[root@ecs-4082 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@ecs-4082 yum.repos.d]# vim aliyun.repo
[root@ecs-4082 yum.repos.d]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   88 Feb  4 14:52 aliyun.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1924 Apr 20  2017 CentOS-ctyun.repo
[aliyun]
name=aliyun epel
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7Server/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
2、yum安装nginx
[root@ecs-4082 ~]# yum install -y nginx 
3、修改配置文件

[root@ecs-4082 ~]# cd /etc/nginx/
[root@ecs-4082 nginx]# vim nginx.conf
upstream tomcat {
                server 192.168.2.9:80;
        }
    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html; #静态页面


        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;


        location ~ \.(jsp|do)$ {
                proxy_pass http://tomcat; #动态页面
        }


4、完整配置文件
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
        upstream tomcat {
                server 192.168.2.9:80;
        }
    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location ~ \.(jsp|do)$ {
                proxy_pass http://tomcat;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
#    server {
#        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        server_name  _;
#        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
#        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
#        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
#        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
#        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
#        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
#        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
#        location / {
#        }
#
#        error_page 404 /404.html;
#            location = /40x.html {
#        }
#
#        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#            location = /50x.html {
#        }
#    }

}

二、修改访问页面:

1、修改nginx静态主页面

[root@ecs-4082 ~]# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz /usr/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm.gz
[root@ecs-4082 ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/
[root@ecs-4082 nginx]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb  4 14:56 html
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb  4 14:56 modules
[root@ecs-4082 nginx]# cd html/
[root@ecs-4082 html]# ll
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3650 Oct 18 16:08 404.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3693 Oct 18 16:08 50x.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3700 Oct 18 16:08 index.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  368 Oct 18 16:08 nginx-logo.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2811 Oct 18 16:08 poweredby.png
[root@ecs-4082 html]# vim index.html 
<h1>Welcome to <strong>nginx动静分离-静态页面</strong> on Fedora!</h1>

2、修改tomcat动态测试页面,Centos7 tomcat自定义jsp网页并修改默认端口,这里要改变图片地址为绝对路径

        <body>
                <h1>IP: 192.168.2.9</h1>
                <img src="http://192.168.2.9/test/img/tomcat.jpg" alt="tomcat" />
        </body>

3、如果图片路径设置不对,页面显示的时候图片就打不开,在nginx的/var/log/nginx/error.log日志里看到如下错误提示。


三、开启服务:

1、开启或者重启nginx服务

[root@ecs-4082 ~]# systemctl start nginx

2、开启或重启tomcat服务
[root@ecs-19cb bin]# ./startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.4
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.4
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.4/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /root/apache-tomcat-9.0.4/bin/bootstrap.jar:/root/apache-tomcat-9.0.4/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

四、测试

1、访问静态测试:


2、访问动态页面测试

第一种是图片地址没有设置为绝对路径


第二种是图片地址设置为绝对路径


简单nginx+tomcat动静分离测试完成

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转载自blog.csdn.net/tladagio/article/details/79252585