11.28 限定某个目录禁止解析php
因为httpd开放了php模块，所以如果被人上传了木马文件（php类型），httpd就有可能会进行执行，一旦执行，就会让对方获得我们服务器的root权限，或者是被恶意删除或修改一些参数，导致服务器瘫痪或者是被攻击
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon> #禁止解析PHP
php_admin_flag engine off
</Directory> 那么怎么配置设置禁止php 解析
核心配置文件内容
<Directory /data/wwwroot/www.123.com/upload>
php_admin_flag engine off
</Directory>
curl测试时直接返回了php源代码，并未解析
首先编辑虚拟主机配置文件
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
<FilesMatch "admin.php(.*)">
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://111.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://aaa.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^$" local_ref
<FilesMatch "\.(txt|doc|mp3|zip|rar|jpg|gif|png)">
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from env=local_ref
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>改为
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon>
php_admin_flag engine off
<FilesMatch (.*)\.php(.*)>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
<FilesMatch "admin.php(.*)">
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://111.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://aaa.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^$" local_ref
:wq 检查语法，重新加载配置
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/wwwroot/111.com
[root@localhost 111.com]# ls
123.php admin index.php qq.png
[root@localhost 111.com]# mkdir upload
[root@localhost 111.com]# ls
123.php admin index.php qq.png upload
[root@localhost 111.com]# cp 123.php upload/
[root@localhost 111.com]# !curl
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/admin.php?/alsjdf' -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 12:41:28 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
再来访问下
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/img/icon/123.php' -I
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 12:42:49 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/img/icon/123.php'
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>403 Forbidden</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Forbidden</h1>
<p>You don't have permission to access /upload/123.php
on this server.<br />
</p>
</body></html>
[root@localhost 111.com]# 先把filesmatch 注释掉
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon>
php_admin_flag engine off
#<FilesMatch (.*)\.php(.*)>
#Order allow,deny
#Deny from all
#</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
<FilesMatch "admin.php(.*)">
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://111.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "http://aaa.com" local_ref
:wq
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost 111.com]#
再来访问
[root@localhost 111.com]# !curl
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/img/icon/123.php'
<?
echo "123.php";
[root@localhost 111.com]# 这个时候进一步限制它 连让它访问的机会都没有，更别说去解析php了
再次打开配置文件 把刚刚注释的取消,
#</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon>
php_admin_flag engine off
<FilesMatch (.*)\.php(.*)>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
再来访问
直接提示无法访问403
禁止php解析，是为让服务器更加安全，尤其是针对可以写的目录；可以写的目录，一般是不需要解析php，这个需要牢记，一般静态文件存放的目录是不允许解析php 的
11.29 限制user_agent
首先打开虚拟主机配置文件
#<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com>
# <FilesMatch 123.php>
# AllowOverride AuthConfig
# AuthName "111.com user auth"
# AuthType Basic
# AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
# require valid-user
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon>
php_admin_flag engine off
<FilesMatch (.*)\.php(.*)>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com>
<FilesMatch "admin.php(.*)">
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
插入 -- 44,5 61%添加配置文件后，然后 检查配置文件，重新加载配置文件
#<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com>
# <FilesMatch 123.php>
# AllowOverride AuthConfig
# AuthName "111.com user auth"
# AuthType Basic
# AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
# require valid-user
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} .*curl.* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} .*baidu.com.* [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F]
</IfModule>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com/img/icon>
php_admin_flag engine off
<FilesMatch (.*)\.php(.*)>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>
<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com>
<FilesMatch "admin.php(.*)">
Order deny,allow
:wq
[root@localhost 111.com]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost 111.com]#
再来访问下
[root@localhost 111.com]# !curl
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/img/icon/123.php'
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>403 Forbidden</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Forbidden</h1>
<p>You don't have permission to access /upload/123.php
on this server.<br />
</p>
</body></html>
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/img/icon/123.php' -I
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 13:41:04 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost 111.com]#
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/123.php' -I
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 13:41:49 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost 111.com]#
查看下日志文件
[root@localhost 111.com]# tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/123.com-access_20171012.log
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:51:50 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 209 "http://111.com/123.php" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:54:14 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:54:16 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:54:29 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:31 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:32 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:34 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:40:54 +0800] "GET http://111.com/img/icon/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:41:04 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/img/icon/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:41:49 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@localhost 111.com]# 再来试下
curl -A "aiker aiker" -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/123.php' -I 可以crul -A 可以指定user_agent
curl -e "http://" 也可以指定Referer
curl -x指定，
crul -I 仅仅是查看它的状态码
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -A "aiker aiker" -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/123.php' -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 13:47:03 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
[root@localhost 111.com]# curl -A "aiker aiker" -x127.0.0.1:80 'http://111.com/123.php'
123.php
[root@localhost 111.com]#
[root@localhost 111.com]#
[root@localhost 111.com]# 来看看访问日志 user_agent 是"aiker aiker"
[root@localhost 111.com]# tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/123.com-access_20171012.log
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:54:16 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:20:54:29 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:31 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:32 +0800] "GET /upload/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
192.168.0.190 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:22:34 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:40:54 +0800] "GET http://111.com/img/icon/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 223 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:41:04 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/img/icon/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:41:49 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 403 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:47:03 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "aiker aiker"
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Oct/2017:21:47:19 +0800] "GET http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "aiker aiker"
[root@localhost 111.com]# 11.30/11.31 php相关配置
11.30 PHP相关配置（上）
查看php配置文件位置
/usr/local/php/bin/php -i|grep -i "loaded configuration file"
date.timezone
disable_functions
eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close
error_log, log_errors, display_errors, error_reporting
open_basedir
php_admin_value open_basedir "/home/wwwroot/111.com:/tmp/"
列出111.com 目录下文件目录 修改inidex.php内容
[root@localhost 111.com]# ls
123.php admin index.php qq.png upload
[root@localhost 111.com]# vi index.php
<?php
echo "111.com";
~
~
~
~
"index.php" 2L, 22C修改为
[root@localhost 111.com]# vi index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
~
~
~
:wq去php包下面拷贝一个文件php.ini-development 到/usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost 111.com]# cd /usr/local/src/php-7.2.1/
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# cp php.ini-
php.ini-development php.ini-production
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 重新加载下配置,再去windows浏览器里刷新下看下
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful打开配置文件vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini 搜索disable_functions
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[PHP]
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About php.ini ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; PHP's initialization file, generally called php.ini, is responsible for
; configuring many of the aspects of PHP's behavior.
; PHP attempts to find and load this configuration from a number of locations.
; The following is a summary of its search order:
; 1. SAPI module specific location.
; 2. The PHPRC environment variable. (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 3. A number of predefined registry keys on Windows (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 4. Current working directory (except CLI)
; 5. The web server's directory (for SAPI modules), or directory of PHP
; (otherwise in Windows)
; 6. The directory from the --with-config-file-path compile time option, or the
; Windows directory (C:\windows or C:\winnt)
; See the PHP docs for more specific information.
; http://php.net/configuration.file
; The syntax of the file is extremely simple. Whitespace and lines
; beginning with a semicolon are silently ignored (as you probably guessed).
; Section headers (e.g. [Foo]) are also silently ignored, even though
; they might mean something in the future.
; Directives following the section heading [PATH=/www/mysite] only
; apply to PHP files in the /www/mysite directory. Directives
; following the section heading [HOST=www.example.com] only apply to
; PHP files served from www.example.com. Directives set in these
; If -1 is used, then dtoa mode 0 is used which automatically select the best
; precision.
serialize_precision = -1
; open_basedir, if set, limits all file operations to the defined directory
; and below. This directive makes most sense if used in a per-directory
; or per-virtualhost web server configuration file.
; http://php.net/open-basedir
;open_basedir =
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions =
; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =
; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode. Anything that's acceptable in
; <span style="color: ???????"> would work.
; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting
;highlight.string = #DD0000
;highlight.comment = #FF9900
;highlight.keyword = #007700
;highlight.default = #0000BB
314,1 15%
默认这个是空的disable_functions =
我们把所有的函数都禁掉
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close,phpinfo
; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =
; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode. Anything that's acceptable in
; <span style="color: ???????"> would work.
; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting
;highlight.string = #DD0000
:wq
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
当然我们会使用它这个phpinfo,打开配置文件把phpinfo 去掉
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close
; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =
; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode. Anything that's acceptable in
; <span style="color: ???????"> would work.
; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting
;highlight.string = #DD0000
;highlight.comment = #FF9900
;highlight.keyword = #007700
:wq
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
第二个date.timezone,打开php配置文件 搜素timezone
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
;extension=php_tidy.dll
;extension=php_xmlrpc.dll
;extension=php_xsl.dll
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Module Settings ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
[CLI Server]
; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output.
cli_server.color = On
[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
;date.timezone =
; http://php.net/date.default-latitude
;date.default_latitude = 31.7667
; http://php.net/date.default-longitude
;date.default_longitude = 35.2333
; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith
;date.sunrise_zenith = 90.583333
; http://php.net/date.sunset-zenith
937,23 48%定义;date.timezone = Asia/Chongqing
再把disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close,phpinfo 加上 phpinfo
搜索display 把display_errors = On 改成Off 也就是说 我不需要把这些错误信息输出到浏览器里
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 使用curl
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/index.php
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>403 Forbidden</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Forbidden</h1>
<p>You don't have permission to access /index.php
on this server.<br />
</p>
</body></html>还是403，是因为设了user_agent
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/index.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:31:51 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.2.1
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.1
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 这样是可以了，只不过他没有任何的输出，这个就不正常了，不是我们想要的，我们不知道它哪里有问题，一切都是未知的，这个时候需要配置一个错误日志
打开配置文件 搜索error_log
; Log errors to specified file. PHP's default behavior is to leave this value
; empty.
; http://php.net/error-log
; Example:
;error_log = php_errors.log
; Log errors to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;error_log = syslog
定义error_log 的日志路径 ，还要配置 它的级别，如果你定义的级别很高的话，它仅仅会记录一些比较严峻的错误，一些不太严峻的错误，他就不计，像警告的不计，不计我也不知道错误在哪，所以可以把它搞得稍微放松一些，不要那么严谨
error_log = /tmp/php_errors.log
; Log errors to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;error_log = syslog
搜索error_reporting
error_reporting = E_ALL这个是最不严谨的，在生产环境当中，我们用E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE (Show all errors, except for notices) 因为在生产环境当中这个notice出现频率很高的
; Common Values:
; E_ALL (Show all errors, warnings and notices including coding standards.)
; E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE (Show all errors, except for notices)
; E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT (Show all errors, except for notices and coding standards warnings.)
; E_COMPILE_ERROR|E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR|E_ERROR|E_CORE_ERROR (Show only errors)
; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
; Development Value: E_ALL
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT
; http://php.net/error-reporting
error_reporting = E_ALL再来用curl访问下 ,生成了php_errors.log
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/index.php
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# ls /tmp/
ks-script-sk5n23
mysql.sock
pear
php_errors.log
systemd-private-40d73240fa4b483bb2b7ae3d299e980d-vmtoolsd.service-w87bfr
yum.log
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 可以看下它的属主属组是谁,是daemon，daemon是httpd 的属主
这个日志实际上是以这个进程的身份去生成的
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# ls -l /tmp/php_errors.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 daemon daemon 135 10月 12 22:44 /tmp/php_errors.log
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# ps aux |grep httpd
root 2335 0.0 1.3 258884 13600 ? Ss 20:36 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 3636 0.0 1.4 678896 14644 ? Sl 22:43 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 3637 0.0 1.0 545712 10400 ? Sl 22:43 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 3638 0.0 1.0 545712 10400 ? Sl 22:43 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k graceful
root 3727 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/0 S+ 22:46 0:00 grep --color=auto http
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
这
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# grep error_log /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log
; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is
error_log = /tmp/php_errors.log
;error_log = syslog
; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr".
;opcache.error_log=
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# touch /tmp/php_errors.log ; chmod 777 /tmp/php_errors.log ^C
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# cat /tmp/php_errors.log
[12-Oct-2017 14:44:09 UTC] PHP Warning: phpinfo() has been disabled for security reasons in /home/wwwroot/111.com/index.php on line 2
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# phpinfo() has been disabled for security reasons 处于安全的原因把这个phpinfo 函数禁掉了
来模拟一个错误
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php
<?php
echo 123;
alksdkdkdlldldldd
~
~
~
:wq
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/2.php -I
HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:54:10 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.2.1
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.1
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 可以看看它的错误日志 结果是 syntax error
这个日志级别就比上面的高级了 一个是Warning ，一个是error，error 肯定比较严谨，很严重
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# !cat
cat /tmp/php_errors.log
[12-Oct-2017 14:44:09 UTC] PHP Warning: phpinfo() has been disabled for security reasons in /home/wwwroot/111.com/index.php on line 2
[12-Oct-2017 14:54:10 UTC] PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected end of file in /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php on line 4
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 有时候，定义了一个错误日志，但是这个错误日志始终没有生成，那么就需要检查一下定义错误日志所在的目录，到底httpd有没有写权限，
最保险的办法，就是在所在目录创建一个错误日志的文件，然后赋予它777的权限，这样就不需要担心这个文件httpd是否有写权限了
前面是一些安全相关的函数，下面一个是怎么样去打开 调试 错误日志的，因为排查一个问题没有错误日志是不行的
11.31 PHP相关配置（下）
下面来介绍一个安全相关的参数
open_basedir
php_admin_value open_basedir "/home/wwwroot/111.com:/tmp/"
安全相关的参数
一台服务器上，运行了多个站点，有一台服务器假如代码有问题，结果这个站点被黑客攻击了，被黑客拿到了权限，黑客拿了权限肯定会继续往里渗透，继续往里渗透，就会有可能渗透到其他的站点，同时导致其他的站点被黑
open_basedir 限制不能串岗
open_basedir = /data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp
这里配置 /tmp的目的是因为，打开任何文件的时候都会产生一个缓存文件，如果不允许/tmp的话会导致任何站点都没有办法访问
打开php配置文件,搜索open_basedir
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
; open_basedir, if set, limits all file operations to the defined directory
; and below. This directive makes most sense if used in a per-directory
; or per-virtualhost web server configuration file.
; http://php.net/open-basedir
;open_basedir =
定义 open_basedir = /home/wwwroot/111.com:/tmp
假如故意写错，现在 open_basedir = /data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp
open_basedir = /data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close,phpinfo
:wq 访问下
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/2.php -I
HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 15:10:58 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.2.1
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.1
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8把2.php改正，同样还是错误500
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vi /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php
<?php
echo 123;
alksdkdkdlldldldd
~
~
~
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vi /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php
改正了
<?php
echo 123;
~
~
~
~
:wq
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vi /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/2.php -I
HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 15:13:37 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.2.1
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.1
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
看看它的错误输出 /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp) in Unknown on line 0 2.php并没有在运行的目录下，所以它才是把报错500
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# !cat
cat /tmp/php_errors.log
[12-Oct-2017 14:44:09 UTC] PHP Warning: phpinfo() has been disabled for security reasons in /home/wwwroot/111.com/index.php on line 2
[12-Oct-2017 14:54:10 UTC] PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected end of file in /home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php on line 4
[12-Oct-2017 15:10:58 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp) in Unknown on line 0
[12-Oct-2017 15:10:58 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
[12-Oct-2017 15:10:58 UTC] PHP Fatal error: Unknown: Failed opening required '/home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php' (include_path='.:/usr/local/php7/lib/php') in Unknown on line 0
[12-Oct-2017 15:13:37 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/wwwroot/1111.com:/tmp) in Unknown on line 0
[12-Oct-2017 15:13:37 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
[12-Oct-2017 15:13:37 UTC] PHP Fatal error: Unknown: Failed opening required '/home/wwwroot/111.com/2.php' (include_path='.:/usr/local/php7/lib/php') in Unknown on line 0
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# 现在进入php配置文件 把它改成 改到我们这个目录下
open_basedir = /home/wwwroot/111.com:/tmp
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close,phpinfo
; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =
:wq
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/2.php
123[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
这个时候就不会报错，就可以访问
但是改php.ini呢，有点问题，如果这个服务器上跑了N多个站点，怎么去做限制呢？你的网站全部再/wwwroot/目录下 ，限定在这个级别下，这又有何用呢？这个目录下所有的网站，他都可以来去自如，不合适，那怎么样才合适，你应该针对这些站点，针对这些网站 针对他们去做open_basedir，咱们php.ini是做不到的，因为php.ini 是针对所有站点的，
但是还有一个方法，去apache虚拟主机配置文件里去做
进入配置文件,改回来
; http://php.net/open-basedir
open_basedir =
; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions = eval,assert,popen,passthru,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,leak,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,popen,proc_open,proc_close,phpinfo
; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =
:wq 进入apache 虚拟主机配置文件
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/abc.com"
ServerName abc.com
ServerAlias www.abc.com www.123.com
php_admin_value open_basedir "/data/wwwroot/abc.com:/tmp/"
ErrorLog "logs/abc.com-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/abc.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/home/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName 111.com
ServerAlias www.example.com 2111.com.cn
#<Directory /home/wwwroot/111.com>
# <FilesMatch 123.php>
# AllowOverride AuthConfig
# AuthName "111.com user auth"
# AuthType Basic
# AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
# require valid-user
#</FilesMatch>
#</Directory>
php_admin_value open_basedir "/home/wwwroot/111.com:/tmp/
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@localhost php-7.2.1]# !curl
curl -A "a" -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/2.php
123[root@localhost php-7.2.1]#
这样就可以了，针对不同的虚拟主机 限制不同的open_basedir
扩展
apache开启压缩
这里的压缩并不是对网站的图片压缩，而是对普通的静态文件，诸如html, js, css 等元素压缩。不要小看这个压缩功能，如果一个网站的请求量很大的话，这样可以节省海量带宽，在我国带宽资源非常昂贵，所以小小的一个压缩功能可以为企业节省不少的成本呢！下面就来看看如何配置它？
首先，需要看一下我们的apache是否支持压缩功能。 /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -l
看看是否有mod_deflate
如果这里没有，那继续看一下 ls /usr/local/apache2/modules/
下面有没有 mod_deflate.so 这个文件
如果这里也没有，那说明你的apache不支持压缩，需要重编译一下，或者扩展形式安装，或者重新编译apache, 需要在编译的时候，加上 --enable-deflate=shared
好，如果你的apache有了deflate这个模块支持，也就支持了压缩功能。
下面该配置httpd.conf 了。
在httpd.conf 中增加 ：
LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so然后再增加如下配置：
DeflateCompressionLevel 5
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml
AddOutputFilter DEFLATE js css其中DeflateCompressionLevel 是指压缩程度的等级，从1到9，9是最高等级。
apache2.2到2.4配置文件变更
指令控制了在特定目录中将使用哪些服务器特性。Options属性有一个非常特别的功能： 如果你没有用“+”或者“-”来增加或者减少一个功能的时候，每个之前定义的Options的所有功能都会被取消， 直到你又为它指定一些功能。所以options属性在整体设置和虚拟主机设置的是不相关的， 互相不起作用，因为他们在特定的范围内被重载了。 如果要在虚拟主机里面使用在整体设置中的Options的设置， 那么就不要在虚拟主机设置中指定Options属性。如果要增加或者减少功能， 那么用“+”或者“-”符号来实 Options 指令控制了在特定目录中将使用哪些服务器特性。 可选项能设置为 None ，在这种情况下，将不启用任何额外特性。或设置为以下选项中的一个或多个：
All 除MultiViews之外的所有特性。这是默认设置。
ExecCGI 允许执行CGI脚本.
FollowSymLinks 服务器会在此目录中使用符号连接。 注意：即便服务器会使用符号连接，但它不会改变用于匹配配置段的路径名。 如果此配置位于配置段中，则此设置会被忽略。
Includes 允许服务器端包含。
IncludesNOEXEC 允许服务器端包含，但禁用#exec命令和#exec CGI。但仍可以从ScriptAliase目录使用#include 虚拟CGI脚本。
Indexes 如果一个映射到目录的URL被请求，而此目录中又没有DirectoryIndex（例如：index.html）那么服务器会返回一个格式化后的目录 列表。
MultiViews 允许内容协商的多重视图。
SymLinksIfOwnerMatch 服务器仅在符号连接与其目的目录或文件拥有者具有同样的用户id时才使用它。 注意：如果此配置出现在配置段中，此选项将被忽略。 一般来说，如果一个目录被多次设置了 Options ，则最特殊的一个会被完全接受，而各个可选项的设定彼此并不融合。然而，如果所有施用于 Options 指令的可选项前都加有+或-符号，此可选项将被合并。所有前面加有+号的可选项将强制覆盖当前可选项设置，而所有前面有-号的可选项将强制从当前可选项设置中去除。
比如说，没有任何+和-符号：
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
Options Includes 则只有 Includes 设置到/web/docs/spec目录上。
然而如果第二个 Options 指令使用了+和-符号：
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
Options +Includes -Indexes那么就会有 FollowSymLinks 和 Includes 设置到/web/docs/spec目录上。
apache options参数
- 访问控制
2.2 的时候Order deny,allow Deny from all在 2.4 需要改成
Require all denied
常用的配置有：
Require all denied
Require all granted
Require host xxx.com
Require ip 192.168.1 192.168.2
Require local-
RewriteLogLevel变为：logLevel
如，LogLevel warn rewrite: warn -
Namevirtualhost 被移除
- 网站压缩，除了使用mod_deflate，还要mod_filter
使用ssl，除了使用mod_ssl，还需要mod_socache_shmcbapache禁止trace或track防止xss
TRACE和TRACK是用来调试web服务器连接的HTTP方式。
支持该方式的服务器存在跨站脚本漏洞，通常在描述各种浏览器缺陷的时候，把"Cross-Site-Tracing"简称为XST。
攻击者可以利用此漏洞欺骗合法用户并得到他们的私人信息。
禁用trace可以使用rewrite功能来实现
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCondi %{REQUEST_METHOD} ^TRACE
RewriteRule .* - [F]或者还可以直接在apache的配置文件中配置相应参数
TraceEnable offapache 配置https 支持ssl
-
安装openssl
apache2.0 建议安装0.9版本，我曾经试过2.0.59 对openssl-1.0编译不过去
下载Openssl：http://www.openssl.org/source/tar -zxf openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz //解压安装包 cd openssl-0.9.8k //进入已经解压的安装包 ./config //配置安装。推荐使用默认配置 make && make install //编译及安装openssl默认将被安装到
/usr/local/ssl -
让apache支持ssl，编译的时候，要指定ssl支持。
静态或者动态
静态方法即--enable-ssl=static --with-ssl=/usr/local/ssl
动态方法--enable-ssl=shared --with-ssl=/usr/local/ssl
其中第二种方法会在module/ 目录下生成 mod_ssl.so 模块，而静态不会有，当然第二种方法也需要在httpd.conf 中加入LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so - 1 创建私钥
在创建证书请求之前，您需要首先生成服务器证书私钥文件。cd /usr/local/ssl/bin//进入openssl安装目录openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048//运行openssl命令，生成2048位长的私钥server.key文件。如果您需要对 server.key 添加保护密码，请使用 -des3 扩展命令。Windows环境下不支持加密格式私钥，Linux环境下使用加密格式私钥时，每次重启Apache都需要您输入该私钥密码（例：openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048）。 cp server.key /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key/3.2 生成证书请求（CSR）文件
openssl req -new -key server.key -out certreq.csr Country Name： //您所在国家的ISO标准代号，中国为CN State or Province Name： //您单位所在地省/自治区/直辖市 Locality Name： //您单位所在地的市/县/区 Organization Name： //您单位/机构/企业合法的名称 Organizational Unit Name： //部门名称 Common Name： //通用名，例如：www.itrus.com.cn。此项必须与您访问提供SSL服务的服务器时所应用的域名完全匹配。 Email Address： //您的邮件地址，不必输入，直接回车跳过 "extra"attributes //以下信息不必输入，回车跳过直到命令执行完毕。
3.3 备份私钥并提交证书请求
请将证书请求文件certreq.csr提交给天威诚信，并备份保存证书私钥文件server.key，等待证书的签发。服务器证书密钥对必须配对使用，私钥文件丢失将导致证书不可用。
4.安装证书
4.1 获取服务器证书中级CA证书
为保障服务器证书在客户端的兼容性，服务器证书需要安装两张中级CA证书(不同品牌证书，可能只有一张中级证书)。
从邮件中获取中级CA证书：
将证书签发邮件中的从BEGIN到 END结束的两张中级CA证书内容（包括“-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----”和“-----END CERTIFICATE-----”）粘贴到同一个记事本等文本编辑器中，中间用回车换行分隔。修改文件扩展名，保存为conf/ssl.crt/intermediatebundle.crt文件(如果只有一张中级证书，则只需要保存并安装一张中级证书)。
4.2 获取EV服务器证书
将证书签发邮件中的从BEGIN到 END结束的服务器证书内容（包括“-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----”和“-----END CERTIFICATE-----”） 粘贴到记事本等文本编辑器中，保存为ssl.crt/server.crt文件
4.3 apache的配置 2.0的配置
httpd.conf 中增加
Listen 443
NameVirtualHost *:443
DocumentRoot "/data/web/www"
ServerName aaa.com:443
ErrorLog "logs/error.log"
CustomLog "logs/access.log" combined
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key/server.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/intermediatebundle.crt