[c#] MVC in WinForm

  最近在利用C# WinForm进行项目编码的时候发现,如果不恰当的使用Partial关键字或者是User Control,会导致逻辑代码和UI代码耦合度过高,往往会造成一个页面下面会有将近2000行代码……这,当然不是我所要看到的,我急需要一种模式能够将代码分散,并且最好做到逻辑和UI的分离。找来找去,发现MVC模式最好用,就用这个吧。

  当然,拿来用,肯定得明白它的实现方式,对于MVC这种模式,我也已经不是第一次接触了,就来简单的说点吧。

MVC基本概念

  MVC,指的是Model View Controller,其核心是利用Controller来策动Model和View,简而言之,Controller就是生成Model和View的。请看下面的图示:

        

  这里我就来说下创建步骤:

  首先,Controller中需要有待操作的View和与之对应的Model,然后主要进行逻辑代码的编写。

  其次,View中需要有之对应的Controller的实例,这样才能方便调用Controller中的逻辑方法。

  最后就是启动的时候,最好是Controller First,而不是View First.

  需要注意的是,在MVC中,我们倾向于在Model类中使用INtofifyPropertyChanged接口;我们倾向于利用DataBindings来绑定数据。

MVC具体使用实例

  下面就以一个刚刚编写的字模制作小软件来说明:

  在Controller中,我们需要指明需要操作的View和Model:

public WordMakerController(MainFrm mainFrm)
        {
            this.mainFrm = mainFrm;
            this.mainFrm.MController = this;

            //调用构造器实现数据缓存
            wordReponsitory = new WordReponsitory();
        }

        //我要操作的View
        public MainFrm mainFrm;

        //我要操作的Model
        public object datasource = DataCache.model;

   

  指明之后,剩下的就是操作逻辑了:

//添加操作,主要是将标记写入
        public void Add(Button thisBtn, string flag)
        {

            thisBtn.Text = flag;
            string content = string.Empty;
            if (flag.Contains("/"))
                content = @"strArray[" + thisBtn.Tag + "]=" + "\"/\";";
            if (flag.Contains("\\"))
                content = @"strArray[" + thisBtn.Tag + "]=" + "@" + "\"\\\";";

            if (!list.Contains(content))
            {
                list.Add(content);
                SortAndIntegration();
            }
        }

        //删除操作,删除已有的标记。
        public void Remove(Button thisBtn, string flag)
        {
            string content = string.Empty;
            if (flag.Contains("/"))
                content = @"strArray[" + thisBtn.Tag + "]=" + "\"/\";";
            if (flag.Contains("\\"))
                content = @"strArray[" + thisBtn.Tag + "]=" + "@" + "\"\\\";";

            thisBtn.Text = string.Empty;
            if (list.Contains(content))
            {
                list.Remove(content);
                SortAndIntegration();
            }
        }

        //对List数组进行排序
        private void SortAndIntegration()
        {
            list.Sort(1, list.Count - 1, null);
            DataCache.model.MyArray = string.Join(newLine, list.ToArray());
        }

        //本字模软件的核心就是此类,将输入的字母拷贝到一个大数组,然后循环行列打印出来。
        private void Punch(int count, string[,] strDaemon, string[,] strPartly)
        {
            for (int row = 0; row < 7; row++)
            {
                for (int column = 0; column < 16; column++)
                {
                    strDaemon[row, count * 16 + column] = strPartly[row, column];
                }
            }
        }

        //解析输入的单词
        public string[,] make(string text)
        {
            //string text = txtWord.Text;

            int len = text.Length;

            string[,] str = new string[7, len * 16];
            int count = -1;
            foreach (char c in text)
            {
                switch (c)
                {
                    case 'A':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayA);
                        break;

                    case 'B':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayB);
                        break;

                    case 'C':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayC);
                        break;

                    case 'D':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayD);
                        break;

                    case 'E':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayE);
                        break;

                    case 'F':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayF);
                        break;

                    case 'G':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayG);
                        break;

                    case 'H':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayH);
                        break;

                    case 'I':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayI);
                        break;

                    case 'J':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayJ);
                        break;

                    case 'K':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayK);
                        break;

                    case 'L':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayL);
                        break;

                    case 'T':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayT);
                        break;

                    case 'O':
                        count++;
                        Punch(count, str, WordReponsitory.strArrayO);
                        break;
                    default: break;


                }
            }
            return str;
        }

  

  在Model中,倾向于利用INotifyPropertyChanged接口实现属性改变后通知到绑定

public class NotifiedModel:INotifyPropertyChanged
    {

        private string myArray;
        public string MyArray
        {
            get { return myArray; }
            set { myArray = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("MyArray"); }
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        public void NotifyPropertyChanged(string info)
        {
            PropertyChangedEventHandler property_changed = PropertyChanged;
            if (property_changed != null)
            {
                property_changed(this,new PropertyChangedEventArgs(info));
            }
        }
    }

  

  在View中,需要实例化Controller,然后调用Controller代码逻辑即可,所有的操作基本都和UI交互有关,大大降低了代码的耦合度:

public MainFrm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //这里需要保存Controller的实例,以便方便调用逻辑方法 
        private WordMakerController mController;
        public WordMakerController MController
        {
            get { return mController; }
            set { mController = value; }
        }
        
        private void MainFrm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //这里是进行数据绑定
            string header = "string[,] strArray = new string[7, 16];";
            mController.list.Add(header);
            richTextBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", mController.datasource, "MyArray");

            LoadWordModel();
        }

        private void LoadWordModel()
        {
            Button[,] btn = new Button[7, 16];

            for (int m = 0; m < 7; m++)
            {
                for (int n = 0; n < 16; n++)
                {
                    btn[m, n] = new Button();
                    Button t = btn[m, n];

                    t.Size = new Size(20, 20);
                    t.FlatStyle = FlatStyle.Popup;
                    t.Top = m * 20;
                    t.Left = n * 20;
                    t.Tag = m + "," + n;

                    t.MouseDown += (senderE, eE) =>
                    {
                        ClickAndFlag(senderE, eE);
                    };

                    panel1.Controls.Add(t);
                }
            }
        }

        //这里通过点击鼠标,然后将标记加入到数组里。主要进行字模制作
        private void ClickAndFlag(object senderE, object eE)
        {
            Button thisBtn = ((Button)(senderE));
            if (eE is MouseEventArgs)
            {
                MouseEventArgs e = eE as MouseEventArgs;
                if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
                {
                    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(thisBtn.Text))
                        //Add(thisBtn, "\"/\";");
                        mController.Add(thisBtn, "/;");
                    else
                        mController.Remove(thisBtn, "/;");
                }
                if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right)
                {
                    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(thisBtn.Text))
                        //Add(thisBtn, "@"+"\"\\\";");
                        mController.Add(thisBtn, "\\;");
                    else
                        mController.Remove(thisBtn, "\\;");
                }
            }
        }

        //生成字模
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string[,] str = mController.make(txtWord.Text);

            string text = txtWord.Text;

            int len = text.Length;

            for (int row = 0; row < 7; row++)
            {
                int count = 0;
                for (int colum = 0; colum < len * 16; colum++)
                {
                    count++;
                    //if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strArrayA[row, colum])) strArrayA[row, colum] = " ";
                    if (str[row, colum] == null) str[row, colum] = " ";

                    rText.AppendText(str[row, colum]);

                    if (count == len * 16)
                    {
                        rText.AppendText("\r\n");
                    }
                }
            }
        }

  

  最后说明下启动,由于是Controller是策动者,所以应当是ControllerFirst: 

            //Controller实例化先
            WordMakerController wordMakerController = new WordMakerController(new MainFrm());
            //启动由Controller生成的窗体
            Application.Run(wordMakerController.mainFrm);

  

实例运行的结果

  然后把生成好的字符拷贝到VisualStudio中, 在VisualStudio中的显示如下:

源码下载

  最后么当然是提供源码下载

备注

  本文引用地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/scy251147/archive/2012/11/17/2775077.html

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