复工在即:送你三道字节跳动的编码面试题,教你如何实现如何解题

自己的一个小圈子微信群的伙伴们发了一张图片,是网上流传的字节跳动的面试题编码,闲的无事就思索了下,发现都不难,都是对基础的数学知识的考量。先上图吧!

当然40分钟,我也无法把任意两题编码完成,只是知道大概的解题思路,唯一能确定的,在面试规定时间内,第二题我是肯定可以在20分钟内编码完成。

字节跳动的三道编码面试题的实现

题目一

字节跳动的三道编码面试题的实现

基础知识就是初中的平面直角坐标系,解析思路:

  1. 计算总周长;
  2. 将各边长的前后坐标计算出来封装好,第四步要使用;
  3. 根据K段值计算出平均分段后的长度;
  4. 然后循环K次,根据平均长度依次相加计算等分点的坐标。

不多说,上代码:

先定义坐标的Point类

class Point {
 float x;
 float y;
 public Point() {
 }
 public Point(float x, float y) {
 this.x = x;
 this.y = y;
 }
 public Point(Point point) {
 this(point.x, point.y);
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "Point, x:" + x + " y:" + y;
 }
 }

N边形的边封装类

class Line {
 Point begin;
 Point end;
 float length;
 public Line() {
 }
 public Line(Point begin, Point end, float length) {
 this.begin = begin;
 this.end = end;
 this.length = length;
 }
 }

现在上实现计算的类

这段代码第一个版本的时候,在正方形偶数等分的时候,坐标点计算不准确,今晚上看着代码思考了10分钟的样子,稍微改动了下,暂时没有这个bug了。其他的bug,期待大家一起发现,然后修复吧!

public class Polygon {
 /**
 * 计算边的长度
 * 
 * @return
 */
 private static float lineLength(Point a, Point b) {
 float length;
 if (a.x == b.x) {
 // 垂直线条
 length = Math.abs(a.y - b.y);
 } else {
 length = Math.abs(a.x - b.x);
 }
 return length;
 }
 /**
 * 计算 周长
 * 
 * @return
 */
 private static float totalSideLength(Point[] points, Line[] lines) {
 float side = 0;
 for (int i = 1; i < points.length; i++) {
 Point prev = points[i - 1];
 Point point = points[i];
 float length = lineLength(prev, point);
 side += length;
 lines[i - 1] = new Line(prev, point, length);
 if (i == points.length - 1) {
 length = lineLength(point, points[0]);
 side += length;
 lines[i] = new Line(point, points[0], length);
 }
 }
 return side;
 }
 public static Point[] division(Point[] points, int divisionNum) {
 Point[] divisionPoint = new Point[divisionNum];
 // 计算周长
 Line[] lines = new Line[points.length];
 float side = totalSideLength(points, lines);
 // 等分长度
 float divisionLength = side / divisionNum;
 int lineIndex = -1;
 float sumLength = 0;
 for (int i = 0; i < divisionNum; i++) {
 if (i == 0) {
 // 第一个等分点直接是起始点坐标
 divisionPoint[i] = new Point(points[0]);
 continue;
 }
 divisionPoint[i] = new Point();
 float lineLength = divisionLength * i;
 while (true) {
 Line line;
 if (sumLength < lineLength) {
 lineIndex++;
 line = lines[lineIndex];
 sumLength += line.length;
 } else
 line = lines[lineIndex];
 if (sumLength >= lineLength) {
 float temp = sumLength - lineLength;
 if (line.begin.x == line.end.x) {
 // begin和end的坐标点垂直
 divisionPoint[i].x = line.begin.x;
 if (line.end.y > line.begin.y)
 divisionPoint[i].y = line.end.y - temp;
 else
 divisionPoint[i].y = line.end.y + temp;
 } else {
 // begin和end的坐标点水平
 divisionPoint[i].y = line.end.y;
 if (line.end.x > line.begin.x)
 divisionPoint[i].x = line.end.x - temp;
 else
 divisionPoint[i].x = line.end.x + temp;
 }
 
 break;
 }
 }
 }
 return divisionPoint;
 }
 private static void print(Point[] points) {
 for (int i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
 System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "等分点, x:" + points[i].x + ",y:" + points[i].y);
 }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 Point[] points = new Point[] { new Point(0, 0), new Point(0, 1), new Point(1, 1), new Point(1, 0) };
 Point[] divPoints = division(points, 8);
 print(divPoints);
 }
}

题目二

字节跳动的三道编码面试题的实现

解题思路:

对应位数的数字相加,永远不会超过18,所以,我们就先把对应位置的和计算出来,然后再反复循环找到大于9的数,向高位进位。

这个比较简单,只是考察个位数的正整数加法永远不大于18这个细节。

上代码:

public class LinkAddition {
 static class NumNode {
 public int num;
 public NumNode next;
 public NumNode() {
 }
 public NumNode(int num) {
 this.num = num;
 };
 public NumNode(int num, NumNode next) {
 this(num);
 this.next = next;
 }
 }
 private static int length(NumNode num) {
 int length = 0;
 NumNode temp = num;
 while (temp != null) {
 length++;
 temp = temp.next;
 }
 return length;
 }
 private static NumNode calc(NumNode a, NumNode b, int aLength, int bLength) {
 NumNode aNode = a;
 NumNode bNode = b;
 NumNode result = new NumNode();
 NumNode resultNode = result;
 // 计算b链表再a中的起始索引
 int aStartIndex = aLength - bLength;
 for (int i = 0; i < aLength; i++) {
 if (i >= aStartIndex) {
 resultNode.num = aNode.num + bNode.num;
 bNode = bNode.next;
 } else
 resultNode.num = aNode.num;
 aNode = aNode.next;
 if (aNode != null) {
 resultNode.next = new NumNode();
 resultNode = resultNode.next;
 }
 }
 return result;
 }
 public static NumNode addition(NumNode a, NumNode b) {
 NumNode result = null;
 // 计算位数
 int aLength = length(a);
 int bLength = length(b);
 if (aLength > bLength) {
 result = calc(a, b, aLength, bLength);
 } else {
 result = calc(b, a, bLength, aLength);
 }
 boolean isGreater9 = true;
 while (isGreater9) {
 isGreater9 = false;
 NumNode node = result;
 while (node != null) {
 // 检查是否有大于9的节点
 if (node.num > 9) {
 isGreater9 = true;
 break;
 }
 node = node.next;
 }
 // 没有大于9且需要进位的节点
 if (!isGreater9)
 break;
 
 node = result;
 
 if (node.num > 9) {
 // 头节点的内容跟大于9,需要进位
 result = new NumNode(1, node);
 node.num = node.num - 10;
 }
 while (node.next != null) {
 if (node.next.num > 9) {
 node.num += 1;
 node.next.num = node.next.num - 10;
 }
 node = node.next;
 }
 }
 return result;
 }
 private static void print(NumNode num) {
 NumNode node = num;
 while (node != null) {
 System.out.print(node.num);
 node = node.next;
 }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 NumNode a = new NumNode(9);
 a.next = new NumNode(9, new NumNode(9));
 NumNode b = new NumNode(9);
 // b.next = new NumNode(9, new NumNode(9));
 NumNode result = addition(a, b);
 print(result);
 }
}

题目三

字节跳动的三道编码面试题的实现

这个我写的第一个版本,只契合类那个举例,然后瞬间就被我推翻类,最后坐下思考类10分钟,把这个按照二维数组的思路解析了。

先找到最高处,然后就以最高处为一个维度,做循环计算出水量,还是上代码吧:

public class Water {
 public static int waterNum(int[] steps) {
 int waterNum = 0;
 int max = steps[0];
 for (int i = 1; i < steps.length; i++) {
 if (max < steps[i])
 max = steps[i];
 }
 for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
 int num = 0, index = 0;
 for (int n = 0; n < steps.length; n++) {
 if (steps[n] - i > 0) {
 if (num > 0) {
 waterNum += n - index - 1;
 }
 num = steps[n] - i;
 index = n;
 }
 }
 }
 return waterNum;
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 int[] steps = new int[] { 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1 };
 int water = waterNum(steps);
 System.out.println(water);
 }
}

总结:

其实这几题本身的知识点并不难,都是平时用到的,就看怎么转化为代码罢了。

第一题考察的直角坐标系上怎么计算边长,然后根据均分等长从第一条边挨着走,计算对应的坐标,该知识点在初中就已学过。

第二题则是考察每位上的正整数加法到底最大能到多少,只要明白了这一点,把每一位上相加后,再统一做进位处理就可以了。

第三题的代码量是最少的,我的解题思路是二位数组的方式, 也不算难。

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