大数据生态系统(Hadoop)的安装部署
安装hadoop的准备阶段(在每个节点)
1、安装 JDK 1.8
2 、远程ssh无密码登录(主到从) ssh-keygen ssh-copy-id ip/主机名
3、防火墙关闭 service iptables stop 永久关闭chkconfig iptables off
4、selinux关闭 vim /etc/selinux/config
将 SELINUX=enforcing 改为 SELINUX=disabled
5、修改主机名 vim /etc/sysconfig/network
6、主机名和IP对应 vim /etc/hosts
hadoop的安装
1、上传解压
2、配置hadoop的环境变量
3、检查支持哪些库或包
进入hadoop安装目录的bin里面执行以下命令
./hadoop checknative
yum -y install openssl-devel
4、修改hadoop的核心配置文件
进入hadoop安装目录的etc里面执行以下命令
vim core-site.xml
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://node01:8020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/tempDatas</value>
</property>
<!-- 缓冲区大小,实际工作中根据服务器性能动态调整 -->
<property>
<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
<value>4096</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启hdfs的垃圾桶机制,删除掉的数据可以从垃圾桶中回收,单位分钟 -->
<property>
<name>fs.trash.interval</name>
<value>10080</value>
</property>
vim hdfs-site.xml
<!-- NameNode存储元数据信息的路径,实际工作中,一般先确定磁盘的挂载目录,然后多个目录用,进行分割 -->
<!-- 集群动态上下线
<property>
<name>dfs.hosts</name>
<value>/export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/etc/hadoop/accept_host</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.hosts.exclude</name>
<value>/export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/etc/hadoop/deny_host</value>
</property>
-->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
<value>node01:50090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
<value>node01:50070</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:///export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/namenodeDatas</value>
</property>
<!-- 定义dataNode数据存储的节点位置,实际工作中,一般先确定磁盘的挂载目录,然后多个目录用,进行分割 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:///export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/datanodeDatas</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.edits.dir</name>
<value>file:///export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/nn/edits</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.checkpoint.dir</name>
<value>file:///export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/snn/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.checkpoint.edits.dir</name>
<value>file:///export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/nn/snn/edits</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
dfs.blocksize 134217728
vim mapred-site.xml -->(将mapred-site.xml.template复制一份改名为mapred-site.xml)
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.job.ubertask.enable</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
<value>node01:10020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
<value>node01:19888</value>
</property>
vim yarn-site.xml
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>node01</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
第一台机器执行以下命令
cd /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/etc/hadoop
vim hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk1.8.0_141
5、设置集群有哪些工作节点
编辑安装目录下etc的slaves文件
node01
node02
node03
node01机器上面创建以下目录
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/tempDatas
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/namenodeDatas
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/datanodeDatas
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/nn/edits
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/snn/name
mkdir -p /export/servers/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0/hadoopDatas/dfs/nn/snn/edits
6、其他节点分发
scp -r hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0 node02:$PWD
scp -r hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.14.0 node03:$PWD
7、配置其他节点的hadoop的环境变量
scp /etc/profifile.d/hadoop.sh node02:/etc/profifile.d/
scp /etc/profifile.d/hadoop.sh node03:/etc/profifile.d/
8 、格式化集群
在集群安装目录的bin内部执行一下命令进行格式化
hdfs namenode -format
9、集群启动
在集群安装目录的sbin内部执行一下命令进行启动
./start-all.sh