SSM整合01_XML和注解方式

本教程源码请访问：tutorial_demo

SSM整合可以使用多种方式，我们采用XML+注解的方式

SSM的整体思路：整合Spring和SpringMVC，整合Spring和MyBatis，两两整合。

一、环境准备

1.1、建库建表

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ssm;
CREATE DATABASE ssm;
USE ssm;


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;
CREATE TABLE account (
  id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,
  money float DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

INSERT INTO account VALUES ('1', 'Tom', '1999');
INSERT INTO account VALUES ('2', 'Bob', '2000');
INSERT INTO account VALUES ('3', 'Peter', '10000');
INSERT INTO account VALUES ('5', 'John', '9700');
INSERT INTO account VALUES ('6', 'Smith', '421315');
INSERT INTO account VALUES ('7', 'Rose', '8800000');

1.2、创建Maven工程

在idea中从原型创建Maven工程，选择org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp，在pom.xml中添加如下的坐标：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring和MyBatis整合的jar包 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

1.3、创建实体类

package org.codeaction.bean;

/**
 * 表示账户的实体类
 */
public class Account {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

1.4、创建持久层接口

package org.codeaction.dao;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import java.util.List;

public interface IAccountDao {
    List<Account> findAll();
}

1.5、创建业务层接口

package org.codeaction.service;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;

import java.util.List;

public interface IAccountService {
    List<Account> findAll();
}

二、SSM整合

2.1、保证Spring框架在Web工程中独立运行

2.1.1、编写Spring配置文件并导入约束

文件名：applicationContext.xml。

位置：resources目录下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.codeaction">
        <!-- 扫描包的规则，不扫描@Controller注解的Java类，其他的需要扫描 -->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
</beans>    

2.1.2、创建持久层接口的实现类

package org.codeaction.dao.impl;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 这个类仅仅用来测试Spring框架是否搭建成功，测试通过后就可以删掉
 */
@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        System.out.println("AccountDaoImpl----findAll");
        return null;
    }
}

这个类是一个“临时的类”，用来后面测试Spring框架是否搭建成功，后续可以删掉。

2.1.3、创建业务层接口的实现类

package org.codeaction.service.impl;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return accountDao.findAll();
    }
}

2.1.4、测试Spring是否能够独立运行

package org.codeaction.test;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class SpringTest {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountService accountService;

    @Test
    public void testSpring() {
        List<Account> list = accountService.findAll();
    }

}

运行测试方法，控制台输出如下，Spring配置成功

AccountDaoImpl----findAll

2.2、保证SpringMVC在Web工程中独立运行

2.2.1、在web.xml中配置核心控制器

<!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置Servlet的初始化参数，读取springmvc的配置文件，创建spring容器 -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 解决POST请求乱码 -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

2.2.2、编写SpringMVC的配置文件

文件名：springmvc.xml。

位置：resource目录下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.codeaction">
        <!-- 扫描包的规则，扫描@Controller注解的Java类，其他的不扫描 -->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>


    <!--
        配置静态资源不过滤
        location：表示路径
        mapping：表示文件
        **表示该目录下的文件以及子目录文件
     -->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />

    <!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

2.2.3、编写Controller

package org.codeaction.controller;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/accounts")
    public String findAll(Model m) {
        System.out.println("findAll...");
        return "success";
    }
}

2.2.4、编写JSP页面

index.jsp，在webapp目录下

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <p>
        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/accounts">查询所有</a>
    </p>
</body>
</html>

success.jsp，在webapp\WEB-INF\pages目录下

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>success</title>
</head>
<body>
    <p>success...</p>
</body>
</html>

运行tomcat服务器，访问index.jsp上的超链接，能够跳转到success.jsp，说明SpringMVC配置成功。

2.3、保证MyBatis在Web工程中独立运行

2.3.1、修改持久层接口

这里可以把先前创建的持久层接口的实现类删除了。

package org.codeaction.dao;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface IAccountDao {
    @Select("select * from account")
    List<Account> findAll();
}

2.3.2、编写jdbc配置文件

文件名：jdbcConfig.properties；

位置：resources目录下。

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

2.3.3、编写MyBatis配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
    <!-- 配置环境 -->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!-- 配置mysql的环境 -->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型 -->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!-- 配置数据源连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!--
    				配置连接数据库的4个基本信息
    				通过${属性名}的方式获取属性值
    			-->
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置 -->
    <mappers>
        <package name="org.codeaction.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

2.3.4、测试MyBatis是否能够独立运行

package org.codeaction.test;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class MyBatisTest {
    @Test
    public void testMyBatis() throws IOException {
        InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        SqlSession session = factory.openSession();

        IAccountDao accountDao = session.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
        List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
        accounts.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}

运行测试方法，控制台输出如下：

Account{id=1, name='Tom', money=1999.0}
Account{id=2, name='Bob', money=2000.0}
Account{id=3, name='Peter', money=10000.0}
Account{id=5, name='John', money=9700.0}
Account{id=6, name='Smith', money=421315.0}
Account{id=7, name='Rose', money=8800000.0}

2.4、整合Spring和SpringMVC

配置监听器实现启动服务创建容器，在web.xml中添加如下内容：

<!-- 配置Spring的监听器 -->
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定Spring配置文件的位置 -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

2.5、整合Spring和MyBatis

在Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml中添加如下的内容：

<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcConfig.properties" />

<!-- 配置MyBatis的Session工厂 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 注入数据库连接处 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置Mapper扫描器 -->
<bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="org.codeaction.dao" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务的通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
    <tx:attributes>
        <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
        <tx:method name="find" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!-- 配置aop -->
<aop:config>
    <!-- 配置切入点表达式 -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pt" expression="execution(* org.codeaction.service.impl.*.*(..))" />
    <!-- 建立通知和切入点表达式的关系 -->
    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt" />
</aop:config>

通过上面的配置，Spring容器负责MyBatis Session工厂的创建，接下来就可以把MyBatis的主配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml删除了。

2.6、整体测试

2.6.1、修改Controller

package org.codeaction.controller;

import org.codeaction.bean.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/accounts")
    public String findAll(Model m) {
        List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
        m.addAttribute("accounts", accounts);
        return "success";
    }
}

2.6.2、修改success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>success</title>
</head>
<body>
    <p>success...</p>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th>id</th>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>余额</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${accounts}" var="item">
            <tr>
                <td>${item.id}</td>
                <td>${item.name}</td>
                <td>${item.money}</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

2.6.3、测试

运行tomcat服务器，点击index.jsp上的超链接，最终页面显示表格，表格中显示数据库account表的数据，测试通过。