全栈之路-杂篇-JPA多对多配置分析

  多对多在复杂查询中是不可避免的,如何更加简便的进行多对多的查询,如何使用JPA来简化多对多的配置以及SQL语句的书写,记录一下

一、多对多的配置

1、前提条件

  当我们在做CRUD的时候(哈哈都是CRUD body),总会碰到那种多表联合查询,我们总会写很长的查询语句,当然在JAP 中同样会写SQL语句,只不过JPA会自己自动的生成一种原生的SQL语句,在举例说一下这里的应用场景,在做优惠券的接口的时候,需要关联分类表以及活动表,就是查询某一个分类商品中(在活动时间范围内)的可以使用的优惠券的列表,同时需要关联活动表,在活动时间内进行的优惠券的领取与消费

2、model模型创建

这里面需要注意的是多对多的配置,以及一对多的配置,尤其注意一下优惠券是与分类之间是多对多的配置的

(1)优惠券的model(只贴出几个主要字段)

 1 public class Coupon extends BaseEntity {
 2 
 3     @Id
 4     private Long id;
 5     private Long activityId; // 活动id
 6     private Date startTime; // 开始使用时间
 7     private Date endTime; // 结束使用时间
 8 
 9     @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "coupons")
10     private List<Category> categoryList;
11 
12 }

(2)分类的model(只是关键字段)

 1 public class Category extends BaseEntity {
 2 
 3     @Id
 4     private Long id;
 5 
 6     @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
 7     @JoinTable(
 8             name = "coupon_category",
 9             inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "coupon_id"),
10             joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "category_id"))
11     private List<Coupon> coupons;
12 }

(3)活动model创建(只是关键字段,部分省略...)

1 public class Activity extends BaseEntity {
2 
3     @Id
4     private Long id;
5 
6     @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
7     @JoinColumn(name = "activityId")
8     private List<Coupon> couponList;

二、查询SQL分析

1、查询SQL的编写

  这里主要是用JPA来编写SQL的,类似之前的hibernate HQL语句,简化一下我们书写SQL语句的麻烦,例如我们在这里的书写的结构是:

1 select c from Coupon c
2 join c.categoryList ca
3 join Activity a on a.id = c.activityId
4 where ca.id = :cid
5 and c.startTime < :now
6 and c.endTime > :now

这种是可以实现的,其实JPA帮我们封装了一下SQL,其实真实的SQL其实是这种的:

 1     select
 2         coupon0_.id as id1_4_,
 3         coupon0_.create_time as create_t2_4_,
 4         coupon0_.delete_time as delete_t3_4_,
 5         coupon0_.update_time as update_t4_4_,
 6         coupon0_.activity_id as activity5_4_,
 7         coupon0_.description as descript6_4_,
 8         coupon0_.end_time as end_time7_4_,
 9         coupon0_.full_money as full_mon8_4_,
10         coupon0_.minus as minus9_4_,
11         coupon0_.rate as rate10_4_,
12         coupon0_.remark as remark11_4_,
13         coupon0_.start_time as start_t12_4_,
14         coupon0_.title as title13_4_,
15         coupon0_.type as type14_4_,
16         coupon0_.whole_store as whole_s15_4_ 
17     from
18         coupon coupon0_ 
19     inner join
20         coupon_category categoryli1_ 
21             on coupon0_.id=categoryli1_.coupon_id 
22     inner join
23         category category2_ 
24             on categoryli1_.category_id=category2_.id 
25             and (
26                 category2_.delete_time is null 
27                 and category2_.online = 1 
28             ) 
29     inner join
30         activity activity3_ 
31             on (
32                 activity3_.id=coupon0_.activity_id
33             ) 
34     where
35         (
36             coupon0_.delete_time is null
37         ) 
38         and category2_.id=? 
39         and coupon0_.start_time<? 
40         and coupon0_.end_time>?

 内容出处:七月老师《从Java后端到全栈》视频课程

七月老师课程链接:https://class.imooc.com/sale/javafullstack

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/ssh-html/p/13184862.html