Linux学习之——磁盘配额(十)

1、修改/etc/fstab,在新分区1(挂载到/mnt/b1)中启动用户级配额和用户组级配额,重启系统;

[root@bogon ~]#vi /etc/fstab
dev/sdb1    /mnt/b1    ext3   defaults,usrquota,grpquota    0 0
[root@bogon ~]#reboot

2、在分区的挂载点下创建配额数据文件aquota.user和aquota.group;

[root@bogon ~]#cd /mnt/b1
[root@bogon b1]#touch    aquota.user     aquota.group
[root@bogon ~]#

3、使用quotacheck命令检查所有配额分区并生成配额数据;

[root@bogon ~]#quotacheck -avug
[root@bogon ~]#ls /mnt/b1
aquota.user aquota.group  lost+found
[root@bogon ~]#

4、启动配额;

[root@bogon ~]#quotaon /dev/sdb1

5、建立用户user1,主目录为/mnt/b1/user1;

[root@bogon ~]#useradd -d /mnt/b1/user1  user1

6、建立用户user2,主目录为/mnt/b1/user2,主用户组为user1;

[root@bogon ~]#useradd -d /mnt/b1/user2 -g user1  user2

7、建立用户user3,主目录为/mnt/b1/user3,附属用户组为user1;

[root@bogon ~]#useradd  -d /mnt/b1/user3  -G user1  user3

8、对用户user1进行限额,限额条件为文件数量,软限制15,硬限制20,使用quota查看设置情况;

[root@bogon ~]#edquota -u user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  soft    hard    inodes  soft    hard
/dev/sdb1   96      0       0       12      15      20
[root@bogon ~]#

9、使用user1登陆系统,在主目录内创建新文件,检测限额效果,通过quota命令查看当前限额的情况;

[root@bogon ~]#su - user1
[rootQbogon~]#su-user1
[user1@bogon ~]$ pwd
/ mnt/ b1/user1
[user1@bogon ~]$ touch file{1. .15}  //创建15个文件,文件名file0,file1 ......file15
sdb1: warning,user file quota exceeded
sdb1: write failed, user file limit reached ,
touch: cannot touch 'file9': Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file10': Disk quota exceeded 
touch: cannot touch 'file11': Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file12' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file13' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file14' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file15' : Disk quota exceeded
[user1@bogon ~]$ ls
file1   file2   file3   file4   file5   file6   file7   file8
//超过软限制仍然可以创建
//创建八个文件已经达到硬限制20,原来已经使用了12个,无法继续创建文件
[user1@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  quota   limit   files   quota   limit    grace
/dev/sdb1   128     0       0       20*     15      20
//grace (达到软限制后的宽松期限)
[user1@bogon ~]$
​

10、对用户组user1进行限额,限额条件为文件数量,软限制35,硬限制40;

[root@bogon ~]#edquota -g user1  
Disk quotas for group user1 (gid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  soft    hard    inodes  soft    hard  grace
/dev/sdb1   224     0       0       32      35      40
[root@bogon ~]#

11、使用user2登陆系统,通过quota命令分别查看当前user2用户和user1用户组限额的情况,创建新文件,检测限额效果;

[root@bogon ~]#su - user2 
[user2@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user2 (uid 502):none
[user2@bogon ~]$ quota -g user1
Disk quotas for group user1 (gid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  soft    hard    inodes  soft    hard    grace
/dev/sdb1   224     0       0       32      35      40
[user2@bogon ~]$touch file{1..10}
sdb1: warning, group file quota exceeded .
sdb1: write failed, group file limit reached 。
touch: cannot touch 'file9' :Disk  quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file10': Disk quota exceeded
//创建八个文件后达到组内最大限制
[user2@bogon~]$
​

12、使用user3登陆系统,通过quota命令分别查看当前user3用户和user1用户组限额的情况,创建新文件,检测限额效果。

[root@bogon ~]# su - user3
[user3@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user3 (uid 503):none
[user3@bogon ~]$ quota -g user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  quota   limit   files   quota   limit    grace
/dev/sdb1   256       0     0       40*     35      40
[user3@bogon ~ ]$ touch file{1. .5}
[user3@bogon~]$ls
file1   file2   file3   file4   file5
//把用户组user1作为附属组的user3可以创建新文件
[user3@bogon~]$  

13、将用户user1的限额配置复制给user2和user3,使用quota查看设置情况;

[root@bogon ~]# edquota -p user1 -u user2 user3
[root@bogon ~]# quota user2
Disk quotas for user user2 (uid 502):
Filesystem  blocks  quota   limit   files   quota   limit    grace
/dev/sdb1   128       0     0       20*     15      20
[root@bogon ~]# quota  user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem  blocks  quota   limit   files   quota   limit    grace
/dev/sdb1   128       0     0       20*     15      20
[root@bogon ~]# quota  user3
Disk quotas for user user3 (uid 503):
Filesystem  blocks  quota   limit   files   quota   limit    grace
/dev/sdb1   120       0     0       18*     15      20      7days

13、对限额的宽限期进行设置,空间限额宽限期10小时,文件数量限额宽限期1天。

[root@bogon ~]#edquota -t
Grace period before enforcing soft limits for users :
Time units may be: days, hours, minutes, or seconds
Filesystem  Block grace period  Inode grace period
/dev/sdb1       10hours             1days
[root@bogon ~]#

 

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转载自blog.csdn.net/xiaohaiguang/article/details/105423916