awk中执行Linux命令的两种方式

在使用awk处理内容时，有时会按行执行Linux命令，下面介绍两种执行Linux命令方式。

方式一

用system()：

[root@localhost shell_script]# awk 'BEGIN {system("pwd")}'
/root/shell_script
[root@localhost shell_script]#

test.log文件：

[root@localhost shell_script]# cat test.log 
pwd
ls
which sh
[root@localhost shell_script]#

按文件行作为输入执行：

$0 表示一行数据

[root@localhost shell_script]# awk '{print "执行命令："$0; system($0); print "\r"}' test.log
执行命令：pwd
/root/shell_script

执行命令：ls
awk_system.sh  test.log

执行命令：which sh
/usr/bin/sh

[root@localhost shell_script]#

拼接命令：

[root@localhost shell_script]# echo "sh601236" | awk '{cmd = "curl -X GET http://hq.sinajs.cn/list="$0; system(cmd);}'
var hq_str_sh601236="红塔证券,19.930,20.320,19.150,19.930,18.710,19.150,19.160,41190044,791608359.000,198000,19.150,53300,19.140,60100,19.130,74200,19.120,24100,19.110,50500,19.160,28500,19.170,18300,19.180,15500,19.190,59300,19.200,2020-06-29,15:00:00,00,";
[root@localhost shell_script]#

方式二

借助|和sh命令：

[root@localhost shell_script]# echo "pwd" | sh
/root/shell_script
[root@localhost shell_script]# cat test.log | sh
/root/shell_script
awk_system.sh  test.log
/usr/bin/sh
[root@localhost shell_script]#

print

[root@localhost shell_script]# awk 'BEGIN {print "pwd" | "sh"}'
/root/shell_script
[root@localhost shell_script]#

[root@localhost shell_script]# echo "pwd" | awk '{print $0 | "sh"}'
/root/shell_script
[root@localhost shell_script]#

[root@localhost shell_script]# awk '{print "执行命令："$0; print $0 | "sh"; print "\r"}' test.log
执行命令：pwd

执行命令：ls

执行命令：which sh

/root/shell_script
awk_system.sh  test.log
/usr/bin/sh
[root@localhost shell_script]#