学习java第18天

1.集合

*Collection接口:

List : 记录元素保存顺序,且允许有重复元素

Set :不 记录元素保存顺序,且不允许有重复元素 

2.List

主要的实现类ArrayList.LinkedList

3.迭代器

Iterator iterator = iterable.inerator();

while(iterator.hasNext())       dosomething(iterator.next());

4.增强的for语句

import java.util.*;
class TestList {
 public static void main(String[] args){
  //List<Photo> album = new ArrayList<>();
  List<Photo> album = new LinkedList<>();
  album.add( new Photo("one",new Date(), "classroom"));
  album.add( new Photo("two",new Date(), "library"));
  album.add( new Photo("three",new Date(), "gym"));
  album.add( new Photo("three",new Date(), "dorm"));
  Iterator<Photo> iterator = album.iterator();
  while(iterator.hasNext()){
   Photo photo = iterator.next();
   System.out.println( photo.toString() );
  }
  for( Photo photo : album ){ 
   System.out.println( photo );
  }
 }
}
class Photo {
 String title;
 Date date;
 String memo;
 Photo(String title, Date date, String memo){
  this.title = title;
  this.date = date;
  this.memo = memo;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString(){
  return title + "(" + date + ")" + memo;
 }
}
5.Stack
遵循 “后进先出”原则
包含三个方法:  #public Object push(Object item) : 将指定对象压入栈中
                           #Public Object pop() : 将栈最上面的元素从栈中取出,并返回这个对象
                           #public boolean empty() : 判断栈中有没有对象元素
6.队列
遵循“先进后出”的原则
入队:固定在一端输入数据     出队:在一端输出数据
import java.util.*;
class TestQueue
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  Queue q = new Queue();
  for( int i=0; i<5; i++ )
   q.enqueue( ""+i );
  while( ! q.isEmpty() )
   System.out.println( q.dequeue() );
 }
}
class Queue extends LinkedList
{
 void enqueue( Object obj ){
  addLast( obj );
 }
 Object dequeue(){
  return removeFirst();
 }
 public boolean isEmpty(){
  return super.isEmpty();
 }
}
7.Set集
*HashSet
import java.util.*;
public class TestHashSet {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  Set h = new HashSet();
  h.add("1st");
  h.add("2nd");
  h.add("3rd");
  h.add("4th");
  h.add("5th");
  h.add(new Integer(6));
  h.add(new Double(7.0));
  h.add("2nd");          // 重复元素, 未被加入
  h.add(new Integer(6)); // 重复元素, 未被加入
  m1(h);
 }
 public static void m1(Set s){
  System.out.println(s);  // 调用了其toString()方法,注意显示时,元素无顺序
 }
}
8.Map
*HashMap
import java.util.*;
class TestHashMap
{
 public static void main( String[] args){
  //Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
  Map<String, String> map = new TreeMap<String, String>();
  map.put("one", "一");
  map.put("two", "二");
  map.put("three", "三");
  map.put("four", "四");
  map.put(new String("five"), "五");
  map.put(new String("five"), "五二");
  map.put("six", "四");
  System.out.println( map.get("three") );
  for( String key : map.keySet() )
   System.out.println( key +":" + map.get(key) );
  for( String value  : map.values() )
   System.out.println( value );
  for( Map.Entry<String,String> entry : map.entrySet() )
   System.out.println( entry.getKey() +":" + entry.getValue() );
  Iterator it = map.entrySet().iterator();
  while(it.hasNext()){
   Map.Entry<String,String> entry = (Map.Entry<String,String>)it.next();
   System.out.println( entry.getKey() +":" + entry.getValue() );
  }
 }
}
9.排序和查找
*Arrays类
用于对数组进行排序和搜索的类
Arrays类提供了sort()和binarySearch()
 
*Collection类
import java.util.*;
class TestCollectionsSort
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  List<Person> school = new ArrayList<Person>();
  school.add( new Person("Li",23));
  school.add( new Person("Wang",28));
  school.add( new Person("Zhang",21));
  school.add( new Person("Tang",19));
  school.add( new Person("Chen",22));
  school.add( new Person("Zhao",22));
  System.out.println( school );
  
  Collections.sort( school, new PersonComparator() );
  System.out.println( school );
  int index = Collections.binarySearch(
    school, new Person("Li",23), new PersonComparator() );
  if( index >=0 )
   System.out.println( "Found:" + school.get( index ));
  else
   System.out.println( "Not Found!" );
 }
}
class Person
{
 String name;
 int age;
 public Person( String name, int age){
  this.name=name;
  this.age=age;
 }
 public String toString(){
  return name+":"+age;
 }
}
class PersonComparator implements Comparator
{
 public int compare( Object obj1, Object obj2 ){
  Person p1 = (Person)obj1;
  Person p2 = (Person)obj2;
  if( p1.age > p2.age ) return 1;
  else if(p1.age<p2.age) return -1;
  return p1.name.compareTo( p2.name );
 }
}
明天学习内容:泛型,常用算法
 

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/SirNie/p/13367550.html