Mybatis源码学习笔记（五）配置简介之TypeHandler

配置简介之TypeHandler

什么是Mybatis中的TypeHandler？

当MyBatis 在预处理语句（PreparedStatement）中设置一个参数时，还是从结果集中取出一个值时，都会用类型处理器将获取的值以合适的方式转换成 Java 类型。

例：有一个布尔型的字段需要保存到数据库中，但是数据库不支持布尔类型，因此采用一位字符（char（1））来存储这个布尔值，javabean中仍然采用boolean类型。

这时，类型转换器（typeHandler）就可以支持这种自动转换（包括在设置参数时，或者从结果集中取出一个值时）

Mybatis默认为我们实现了许多TypeHandler, 当我们没有配置指定TypeHandler时，Mybatis会根据参数或者返回结果的不同，默认为我们选择合适的TypeHandler处理。

如何配置:

<configuration>
    <typeHandlers>
      <!-- 
          当配置package的时候，mybatis会去配置的package扫描TypeHandler
          <package name="com.example.demo.dao"/>
       -->

      <!-- handler属性直接配置我们要指定的TypeHandler -->
      <typeHandler handler=""/>

      <!-- javaType 配置java类型，例如String, 如果配上javaType, 那么指定的typeHandler就只作用于指定的类型 -->
      <typeHandler javaType="" handler=""/>

      <!-- jdbcType 配置数据库基本数据类型，例如varchar, 如果配上jdbcType, 那么指定的typeHandler就只作用于指定的类型  -->
      <typeHandler jdbcType="" handler=""/>

      <!-- 也可两者都配置 -->
      <typeHandler javaType="" jdbcType="" handler=""/>

  </typeHandlers>

  ......

</configuration>

源码分析:

//这个方法就是用来解析typeHandler节点的方法
private void typeHandlerElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
    if (parent != null) {
      for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
      //子节点为package时，获取其name属性的值，然后自动扫描package下的自定义typeHandler
        if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
          String typeHandlerPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
          //注册相应package下的typeHandler, typeHandler通过TypeHandlerRegistry这个类管理
          typeHandlerRegistry.register(typeHandlerPackage);
        } else {
          //子节点为typeHandler时， 可以指定javaType属性， 也可以指定jdbcType, 也可两者都指定
          //javaType 是指定java类型
          //jdbcType 是指定jdbc类型（数据库类型： 如varchar）
          String javaTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("javaType");
          String jdbcTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("jdbcType");
          //handler就是我们配置的typeHandler
          String handlerTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("handler");
          //resolveClass方法就是我们上篇文章所讲的TypeAliasRegistry里面处理别名的方法
          Class<?> javaTypeClass = resolveClass(javaTypeName);
          //JdbcType是一个枚举类型，resolveJdbcType方法是在获取枚举类型的值
          JdbcType jdbcType = resolveJdbcType(jdbcTypeName);
          Class<?> typeHandlerClass = resolveClass(handlerTypeName);
          //注册typeHandler, typeHandler通过TypeHandlerRegistry这个类管理
          if (javaTypeClass != null) {
            if (jdbcType == null) {
              typeHandlerRegistry.register(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass);
            } else {
              typeHandlerRegistry.register(javaTypeClass, jdbcType, typeHandlerClass);
            }
          } else {
            typeHandlerRegistry.register(typeHandlerClass);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

TypeHandlerRegistry类(管理类型转换器):

public final class TypeHandlerRegistry {

//看到源码会发现和别名的注册类相似，都是通过HashMap来实现

  private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> reversePrimitiveMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>() {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    {
      put(Byte.class, byte.class);
      put(Short.class, short.class);
      put(Integer.class, int.class);
      put(Long.class, long.class);
      put(Float.class, float.class);
      put(Double.class, double.class);
      put(Boolean.class, boolean.class);
      put(Character.class, char.class);
    }
  };

//这几个HashMap就是配置文件中对应的不同类型的typeHandler
  private final Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP = new EnumMap<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>(JdbcType.class);
  private final Map<Type, Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>> TYPE_HANDLER_MAP = new HashMap<Type, Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>>();
  private final TypeHandler<Object> UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER = new UnknownTypeHandler(this);
  private final Map<Class<?>, TypeHandler<?>> ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP = new HashMap<Class<?>, TypeHandler<?>>();

//就像上篇文章讲的typeAliases一样，mybatis默认注册了的typeHandler
  public TypeHandlerRegistry() {
    register(Boolean.class, new BooleanTypeHandler());
    register(boolean.class, new BooleanTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.BOOLEAN, new BooleanTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.BIT, new BooleanTypeHandler());

    register(Byte.class, new ByteTypeHandler());
    register(byte.class, new ByteTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.TINYINT, new ByteTypeHandler());

    register(Short.class, new ShortTypeHandler());
    register(short.class, new ShortTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.SMALLINT, new ShortTypeHandler());

    register(Integer.class, new IntegerTypeHandler());
    register(int.class, new IntegerTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.INTEGER, new IntegerTypeHandler());

    register(Long.class, new LongTypeHandler());
    register(long.class, new LongTypeHandler());

    register(Float.class, new FloatTypeHandler());
    register(float.class, new FloatTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.FLOAT, new FloatTypeHandler());

    register(Double.class, new DoubleTypeHandler());
    register(double.class, new DoubleTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.DOUBLE, new DoubleTypeHandler());

    register(String.class, new StringTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.CHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.CLOB, new ClobTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.VARCHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.LONGVARCHAR, new ClobTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.NVARCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.NCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
    register(String.class, JdbcType.NCLOB, new NClobTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.CHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.VARCHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.CLOB, new ClobTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.LONGVARCHAR, new ClobTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.NVARCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.NCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.NCLOB, new NClobTypeHandler());

    register(Object.class, JdbcType.ARRAY, new ArrayTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.ARRAY, new ArrayTypeHandler());

    register(BigInteger.class, new BigIntegerTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.BIGINT, new LongTypeHandler());

    register(BigDecimal.class, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.REAL, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.DECIMAL, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.NUMERIC, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());

    register(Byte[].class, new ByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
    register(Byte[].class, JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
    register(Byte[].class, JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
    register(byte[].class, new ByteArrayTypeHandler());
    register(byte[].class, JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobTypeHandler());
    register(byte[].class, JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobTypeHandler());

    register(Object.class, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);
    register(Object.class, JdbcType.OTHER, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);
    register(JdbcType.OTHER, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);

    register(Date.class, new DateTypeHandler());
    register(Date.class, JdbcType.DATE, new DateOnlyTypeHandler());
    register(Date.class, JdbcType.TIME, new TimeOnlyTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.TIMESTAMP, new DateTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.DATE, new DateOnlyTypeHandler());
    register(JdbcType.TIME, new TimeOnlyTypeHandler());

    register(java.sql.Date.class, new SqlDateTypeHandler());
    register(java.sql.Time.class, new SqlTimeTypeHandler());
    register(java.sql.Timestamp.class, new SqlTimestampTypeHandler());

    // issue #273
    register(Character.class, new CharacterTypeHandler());
    register(char.class, new CharacterTypeHandler());
  }

  public boolean hasTypeHandler(Class<?> javaType) {
    return hasTypeHandler(javaType, null);
  }

  public boolean hasTypeHandler(TypeReference<?> javaTypeReference) {
    return hasTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, null);
  }

  public boolean hasTypeHandler(Class<?> javaType, JdbcType jdbcType) {
    return javaType != null && getTypeHandler((Type) javaType, jdbcType) != null;
  }

  public boolean hasTypeHandler(TypeReference<?> javaTypeReference, JdbcType jdbcType) {
    return javaTypeReference != null && getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, jdbcType) != null;
  }

  public TypeHandler<?> getMappingTypeHandler(Class<? extends TypeHandler<?>> handlerType) {
    return ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.get(handlerType);
  }

  public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Class<T> type) {
    return getTypeHandler((Type) type, null);
  }

  public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference) {
    return getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, null);
  }

  public TypeHandler<?> getTypeHandler(JdbcType jdbcType) {
    return JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(jdbcType);
  }

  public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Class<T> type, JdbcType jdbcType) {
    return getTypeHandler((Type) type, jdbcType);
  }

  public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference, JdbcType jdbcType) {
    return getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference.getRawType(), jdbcType);
  }

//根据类的类型和数据库的类型获取类型转换器
  private <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Type type, JdbcType jdbcType) {
    Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> jdbcHandlerMap = TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(type);
    TypeHandler<?> handler = null;
    if (jdbcHandlerMap != null) {
      handler = jdbcHandlerMap.get(jdbcType);
      if (handler == null) {
        handler = jdbcHandlerMap.get(null);
      }
    }
    if (handler == null && type != null && type instanceof Class && Enum.class.isAssignableFrom((Class<?>) type)) {
      handler = new EnumTypeHandler((Class<?>) type);
    }
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // type drives generics here
    TypeHandler<T> returned = (TypeHandler<T>) handler;
    return returned;
  }

  public TypeHandler<Object> getUnknownTypeHandler() {
    return UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER;
  }

//根据数据库类型 和转换器添加到相应的map中
  public void register(JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<?> handler) {
    JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.put(jdbcType, handler);
  }

  //
  // REGISTER INSTANCE
  //

  // 只配置了typeHandler,没有配置jdbcType ，或者javaType
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <T> void register(TypeHandler<T> typeHandler) {
    boolean mappedTypeFound = false;
    //在自定义typeHandler的时候，可以加上注解MappedTypes 去指定关联的javaType
    //因此，此处需要扫描MappedTypes注解
    MappedTypes mappedTypes = typeHandler.getClass().getAnnotation(MappedTypes.class);
    if (mappedTypes != null) {
      for (Class<?> handledType : mappedTypes.value()) {
      //注册到map中
        register(handledType, typeHandler);
        mappedTypeFound = true;
      }
    }
    // @since 3.1.0 - try to auto-discover the mapped type
    if (!mappedTypeFound && typeHandler instanceof TypeReference) {
      try {
        TypeReference<T> typeReference = (TypeReference<T>) typeHandler;
        //注册到map中
        register(typeReference.getRawType(), typeHandler);
        mappedTypeFound = true;
      } catch (Throwable t) {
        // maybe users define the TypeReference with a different type and are not assignable, so just ignore it
      }
    }
    if (!mappedTypeFound) {
      register((Class<T>) null, typeHandler);
    }
  }

  // 配置了typeHandlerhe和javaType
  public <T> void register(Class<T> javaType, TypeHandler<? extends T> typeHandler) {
    register((Type) javaType, typeHandler);
  }

  private <T> void register(Type javaType, TypeHandler<? extends T> typeHandler) {
  //扫描注解MappedJdbcTypes 在下文自定义typeHandler处会使用到
    MappedJdbcTypes mappedJdbcTypes = typeHandler.getClass().getAnnotation(MappedJdbcTypes.class);
    if (mappedJdbcTypes != null) {
      for (JdbcType handledJdbcType : mappedJdbcTypes.value()) {
      //注册
        register(javaType, handledJdbcType, typeHandler);
      }
      if (mappedJdbcTypes.includeNullJdbcType()) {
        register(javaType, null, typeHandler);
      }
    } else {
      register(javaType, null, typeHandler);
    }
  }

  public <T> void register(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference, TypeHandler<? extends T> handler) {
    register(javaTypeReference.getRawType(), handler);
  }

  //typeHandler、javaType、jdbcType都配置了
  public <T> void register(Class<T> type, JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<? extends T> handler) {
    register((Type) type, jdbcType, handler);
  }

//注册typeHandler的核心方法
//就是向Map新增数据而已
  private void register(Type javaType, JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<?> handler) {
    if (javaType != null) {
      Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> map = TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(javaType);
      if (map == null) {
        map = new HashMap<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>();
        TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.put(javaType, map);
      }
      map.put(jdbcType, handler);
      if (reversePrimitiveMap.containsKey(javaType)) {
        register(reversePrimitiveMap.get(javaType), jdbcType, handler);
      }
    }
    ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.put(handler.getClass(), handler);
  }

  //
  // REGISTER CLASS
  //

  // Only handler type

  public void register(Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
    boolean mappedTypeFound = false;
    MappedTypes mappedTypes = typeHandlerClass.getAnnotation(MappedTypes.class);
    if (mappedTypes != null) {
      for (Class<?> javaTypeClass : mappedTypes.value()) {
        register(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass);
        mappedTypeFound = true;
      }
    }
    if (!mappedTypeFound) {
      register(getInstance(null, typeHandlerClass));
    }
  }

  // java type + handler type

  public void register(Class<?> javaTypeClass, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
    register(javaTypeClass, getInstance(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass));
  }

  // java type + jdbc type + handler type

  public void register(Class<?> javaTypeClass, JdbcType jdbcType, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
    register(javaTypeClass, jdbcType, getInstance(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass));
  }

  // Construct a handler (used also from Builders)

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <T> TypeHandler<T> getInstance(Class<?> javaTypeClass, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
    if (javaTypeClass != null) {
      try {
        Constructor<?> c = typeHandlerClass.getConstructor(Class.class);
        return (TypeHandler<T>) c.newInstance(javaTypeClass);
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignored) {
        // ignored
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new TypeException("Failed invoking constructor for handler " + typeHandlerClass, e);
      }
    }
    try {
      Constructor<?> c = typeHandlerClass.getConstructor();
      return (TypeHandler<T>) c.newInstance();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new TypeException("Unable to find a usable constructor for " + typeHandlerClass, e);
    }
  }

  // 根据指定的pacakge去扫描自定义的typeHander，然后注册
  public void register(String packageName) {
    ResolverUtil<Class<?>> resolverUtil = new ResolverUtil<Class<?>>();
    resolverUtil.find(new ResolverUtil.IsA(TypeHandler.class), packageName);
    Set<Class<? extends Class<?>>> handlerSet = resolverUtil.getClasses();
    for (Class<?> type : handlerSet) {
      //Ignore inner classes and interfaces (including package-info.java) and abstract classes
      if (!type.isAnonymousClass() && !type.isInterface() && !Modifier.isAbstract(type.getModifiers())) {
        register(type);
      }
    }
  }

  // get information

  /**
   * @since 3.2.2
   */
  public Collection<TypeHandler<?>> getTypeHandlers() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.values());
  }

}

自定义typeHandler:

//这里的MappedJdbcTypes注解会在上面源码中说的 被自动扫描
@MappedJdbcTypes(JdbcType.VARCHAR)
//此处如果不用注解指定jdbcType, 那么，就可以在配置文件中通过"jdbcType"属性指定， 同理， javaType 也可通过 @MappedTypes指定
public class ExampleTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<String>{


    public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, String parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException {
        ps.setString(i, parameter);
    }


    public String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException {
        return rs.getString(columnName);
    }


    public String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
        return rs.getString(columnIndex);
    }


    public String getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
        return cs.getString(columnIndex);
    }
}

配置我们的自定义TypeHandler: