第七周、软件包管理与磁盘存储

1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

1.1 基于光盘的yum源

[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo 
[cdrom]
name=cdrom base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///misc/cd/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-$releasever


[eple]
name=aliyun epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch
enabled=0

1.2 基于网络的yum源

[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/aliyun.repo 
[aliyun]
name=aliyun base
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-$releasever


[eple]
name=aliyun epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch
enabled=0

1.3 基于服务器的yum源

#####服务器配置
[root@localhost ~]#yum install httpd -y
[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/selinux/config 
SELINUX=disabled
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{6,7}/os/x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#echo '- - -' >/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64

##### 客户端配置
[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo 
[local]
name=local base
baseurl=http://192.168.50.30/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://192.168.50.30/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-$releasever

[eple]
name=aliyun epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch
enabled=0

2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交

[root@localhost ~]#ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  busybox-1.30.1  busybox-1.30.1.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2  initial-setup-ks.cfg  reset.sh  user.txt
[root@localhost ~]#tar xf httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2 
[root@localhost ~]#ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  busybox-1.30.1  busybox-1.30.1.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.25  httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2  initial-setup-ks.cfg  reset.sh  user.txt
[root@localhost ~]#cd httpd-2.4.25/
[root@localhost ~]#yum install -y pcre-devel apr-devel apr-util-devel openssl-devel
[root@localhost ~/httpd-2.4.25]#./configure --prefix=/apps
[root@localhost ~/httpd-2.4.25]#make -j 8
[root@localhost ~/httpd-2.4.25]#make install
[root@localhost ~/httpd-2.4.25]#cd /apps
[root@localhost /apps]#systemctl stop httpd
[root@localhost /apps]#bin/apachectl start

3、创建一个2G的文件系统，块大小为2048byte，预留1%可用空间,文件系统 ext4，卷标为TEST，要求此分区开机后自动挂载至/test目录，且默认有acl挂载选项

[root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sda     #创建2G分区

Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (320870400-419430399, default 320870400): 
Using default value 320870400
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (320870400-419430399, default 419430399): +2G
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

[root@localhost ~]#fdisk -l /dev/sda    #显示分区

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200   211814399   104857600   83  Linux
/dev/sda3       211814400   216008703     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4       216008704   419430399   101710848    5  Extended
/dev/sda5       216010752   320868351    52428800   83  Linux
/dev/sda6       320870400   325064703     2097152   83  Linux
[root@localhost ~]#partprobe      #同步
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk    #显示分区
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
├─sda5   8:5    0   50G  0 part /data
└─sda6   8:6    0    2G  0 part 
sr0     11:0    1 10.3G  0 rom  
[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6 -b 2048 -L TEST -m 1    #创建文件系统（预留1%空间，卷标TEST，块大小2048）
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=TEST
OS type: Linux
Block size=2048 (log=1)
Fragment size=2048 (log=1)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 1048576 blocks
10485 blocks (1.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=269484032
64 block groups
16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816

[root@localhost ~]#blkid     #查看UUID
/dev/sda1: UUID="7625098d-8371-4cb9-952c-c54aa045446b" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="35d98a35-0b61-4bd5-853b-e49e41d9e104" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda3: UUID="6ada3b23-3402-433c-9bfc-713319e93a43" TYPE="swap" 
/dev/sda5: UUID="62eff351-958a-4207-a6b0-b997a7579c37" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sr0: UUID="2019-09-09-19-08-41-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos" 
/dev/sda6: LABEL="TEST" UUID="de54a9f5-e8fa-4a09-8171-e02017c45550" TYPE="ext4" 
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /test
[root@localhost ~]#cat /etc/fstab    #编辑永久挂载（默认acl）

UUID=35d98a35-0b61-4bd5-853b-e49e41d9e104 /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=7625098d-8371-4cb9-952c-c54aa045446b /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=62eff351-958a-4207-a6b0-b997a7579c37 /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=6ada3b23-3402-433c-9bfc-713319e93a43 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
UUID=de54a9f5-e8fa-4a09-8171-e02017c45550 /test                   ext4    acl        0 0

4、创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG;要求PE大小 为16MB, 而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录

[root@localhost ~]#echo '- - -'> /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan    #加载硬件
[root@localhost ~]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
├─sda5   8:5    0   50G  0 part /data
└─sda6   8:6    0    2G  0 part /test
sdb      8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
sr0     11:0    1 10.3G  0 rom  
[root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb   #分区（2个10G）

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +10G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (20973568-41943039, default 20973568): 
Using default value 20973568
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): 
Using default value 41943039
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

[root@localhost ~]#lsblk /dev/sdb    #显示分区
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb      8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0   10G  0 part 
└─sdb2   8:18   0   10G  0 part 

[root@localhost ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdb1     #创建pv
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdb2     #创建pv
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]#vgcreate testvg /dev/sdb1 -s 16M    #创建testvg（PE为16M ）
  Volume group "testvg" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]#vgdisplay      #显示testvg
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               testvg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               9.98 GiB
  PE Size               16.00 MiB
  Total PE              639
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       639 / 9.98 GiB
  VG UUID               qPFTmH-1akP-JmWM-bS8r-iA69-mkBZ-nnvXRX
   
[root@localhost ~]#vgextend testvg /dev/sdb2     #扩展testvg
  Volume group "testvg" successfully extended
[root@localhost ~]#vgs     #简要显示vg
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree  
  testvg   2   1   0 wz--n- <19.97g <14.97g

[root@localhost ~]#lvcreate -L 5G -n testlv testvg     #创建testlv（5G）
  Logical volume "testlv" created.
[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.xfs /dev/testvg/testlv    #创建文件系统
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /users
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/testvg/testlv /users    #挂载