python画图颜色设置
Python可视化：python画图颜色设置
首先画一个散点图
import numpy as np
x = 10 * np.random.rand(10)
y = 10 * np.random.rand(10)
'''
x =
array([7.34208212, 6.14229141, 6.99898899, 5.10833595, 7.66301418,
3.84463225, 2.97255304, 5.54680296, 2.07965563, 2.72611992])
'''
plt.scatter(x, y, marker='o', c='red', label='customer')
# 用这个来修改legend的字体，也可以用plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['Arial']的方法，都可以
font = {'family':'Arial' #'serif',
# ,'style':'italic'
,'weight':'normal'
# ,'color':'red'
,'size':20
}
plt.legend(loc = 'upper left' # 就是指legend的box的左上角坐标是(0.1, 0.3)
, bbox_to_anchor=(0.05, 0.9) # (x, y, width, height) (0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
, prop = font
, markerscale = 2 # legend里面的符号的大小
)
# plt.legend(loc = 'upper left', fontsize = 20)
plt.show()
结果如图所示
这里scatter()函数的参数c就是颜色的选项，这个颜色的选项的参数解释如下
c : color, sequence, or sequence of color, optional
The marker color. Possible values:
- A single color format string.
- A sequence of color specifications of length n.
- A sequence of n numbers to be mapped to colors using *cmap* and
*norm*.
- A 2-D array in which the rows are RGB or RGBA.
Note that *c* should not be a single numeric RGB or RGBA sequence
because that is indistinguishable from an array of values to be
colormapped. If you want to specify the same RGB or RGBA value for
all points, use a 2-D array with a single row. Otherwise, value-
matching will have precedence in case of a size matching with *x*
and *y*.
Defaults to ``None``. In that case the marker color is determined
by the value of ``color``, ``facecolor`` or ``facecolors``. In case
those are not specified or ``None``, the marker color is determined
by the next color of the ``Axes``' current "shape and fill" color
cycle. This cycle defaults to :rc:`axes.prop_cycle`.
可以看出，这个参数的设置可以是下面的几种形式之一
string,例如，‘red’, ‘green’RGB,例如(100, 100, 100)RGBA，不了解，略过
RGB格式的我们可以用取色器去获得相应的数值，然后进行设置。但是这种可能不是很直观能得到自己想要的颜色，我们这里来主要看看用string来设置的结果。
Python中的颜色可选项
import matplotlib
for color_name, hex in matplotlib.colors.cnames.items():
print(color_name, hex)
color_names= {
'aliceblue': '#F0F8FF',
'antiquewhite': '#FAEBD7',
'aqua': '#00FFFF',
'aquamarine': '#7FFFD4',
'azure': '#F0FFFF',
'beige': '#F5F5DC',
'bisque': '#FFE4C4',
'black': '#000000',
'blanchedalmond': '#FFEBCD',
'blue': '#0000FF',
'blueviolet': '#8A2BE2',
'brown': '#A52A2A',
'burlywood': '#DEB887',
'cadetblue': '#5F9EA0',
'chartreuse': '#7FFF00',
'chocolate': '#D2691E',
'coral': '#FF7F50',
'cornflowerblue': '#6495ED',
'cornsilk': '#FFF8DC',
'crimson': '#DC143C',
'cyan': '#00FFFF',
'darkblue': '#00008B',
'darkcyan': '#008B8B',
'darkgoldenrod': '#B8860B',
'darkgray': '#A9A9A9',
'darkgreen': '#006400',
'darkkhaki': '#BDB76B',
'darkmagenta': '#8B008B',
'darkolivegreen': '#556B2F',
'darkorange': '#FF8C00',
'darkorchid': '#9932CC',
'darkred': '#8B0000',
'darksalmon': '#E9967A',
'darkseagreen': '#8FBC8F',
'darkslateblue': '#483D8B',
'darkslategray': '#2F4F4F',
'darkturquoise': '#00CED1',
'darkviolet': '#9400D3',
'deeppink': '#FF1493',
'deepskyblue': '#00BFFF',
'dimgray': '#696969',
'dodgerblue': '#1E90FF',
'firebrick': '#B22222',
'floralwhite': '#FFFAF0',
'forestgreen': '#228B22',
'fuchsia': '#FF00FF',
'gainsboro': '#DCDCDC',
'ghostwhite': '#F8F8FF',
'gold': '#FFD700',
'goldenrod': '#DAA520',
'gray': '#808080',
'green': '#008000',
'greenyellow': '#ADFF2F',
'honeydew': '#F0FFF0',
'hotpink': '#FF69B4',
'indianred': '#CD5C5C',
'indigo': '#4B0082',
'ivory': '#FFFFF0',
'khaki': '#F0E68C',
'lavender': '#E6E6FA',
'lavenderblush': '#FFF0F5',
'lawngreen': '#7CFC00',
'lemonchiffon': '#FFFACD',
'lightblue': '#ADD8E6',
'lightcoral': '#F08080',
'lightcyan': '#E0FFFF',
'lightgoldenrodyellow': '#FAFAD2',
'lightgreen': '#90EE90',
'lightgray': '#D3D3D3',
'lightpink': '#FFB6C1',
'lightsalmon': '#FFA07A',
'lightseagreen': '#20B2AA',
'lightskyblue': '#87CEFA',
'lightslategray': '#778899',
'lightsteelblue': '#B0C4DE',
'lightyellow': '#FFFFE0',
'lime': '#00FF00',
'limegreen': '#32CD32',
'linen': '#FAF0E6',
'magenta': '#FF00FF',
'maroon': '#800000',
'mediumaquamarine': '#66CDAA',
'mediumblue': '#0000CD',
'mediumorchid': '#BA55D3',
'mediumpurple': '#9370DB',
'mediumseagreen': '#3CB371',
'mediumslateblue': '#7B68EE',
'mediumspringgreen': '#00FA9A',
'mediumturquoise': '#48D1CC',
'mediumvioletred': '#C71585',
'midnightblue': '#191970',
'mintcream': '#F5FFFA',
'mistyrose': '#FFE4E1',
'moccasin': '#FFE4B5',
'navajowhite': '#FFDEAD',
'navy': '#000080',
'oldlace': '#FDF5E6',
'olive': '#808000',
'olivedrab': '#6B8E23',
'orange': '#FFA500',
'orangered': '#FF4500',
'orchid': '#DA70D6',
'palegoldenrod': '#EEE8AA',
'palegreen': '#98FB98',
'paleturquoise': '#AFEEEE',
'palevioletred': '#DB7093',
'papayawhip': '#FFEFD5',
'peachpuff': '#FFDAB9',
'peru': '#CD853F',
'pink': '#FFC0CB',
'plum': '#DDA0DD',
'powderblue': '#B0E0E6',
'purple': '#800080',
'red': '#FF0000',
'rosybrown': '#BC8F8F',
'royalblue': '#4169E1',
'saddlebrown': '#8B4513',
'salmon': '#FA8072',
'sandybrown': '#FAA460',
'seagreen': '#2E8B57',
'seashell': '#FFF5EE',
'sienna': '#A0522D',
'silver': '#C0C0C0',
'skyblue': '#87CEEB',
'slateblue': '#6A5ACD',
'slategray': '#708090',
'snow': '#FFFAFA',
'springgreen': '#00FF7F',
'steelblue': '#4682B4',
'tan': '#D2B48C',
'teal': '#008080',
'thistle': '#D8BFD8',
'tomato': '#FF6347',
'turquoise': '#40E0D0',
'violet': '#EE82EE',
'wheat': '#F5DEB3',
'white': '#FFFFFF',
'whitesmoke': '#F5F5F5',
'yellow': '#FFFF00',
'yellowgreen': '#9ACD32'}
可以参考下面的文章展示颜色
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43697287/article/details/88876680
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches
import matplotlib.colors as colors
import math
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15,10))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ratio = 1.0 / 3.0
count = math.ceil(math.sqrt(len(colors.cnames)))
x_count = count * ratio
y_count = count / ratio
x = 0
y = 0
width = 1 / x_count
height = 1 / y_count
for color_name in colors.cnames:
position = (x / x_count, y / y_count)
ax.add_patch(patches.Rectangle(position, width, height, color=color_name))
ax.annotate(color_name, xy=position)
if(y >= y_count-1):
x += 1
y = 0
else:
y += 1
plt.savefig('python_colors.jpg')
plt.show()
运行结果如下，即为所有可选颜色
