该文章主要用于android设备与蓝牙模块间的操作和通讯。
直接拿到Demo的工具类，并放到自己的项目中去引用。
1.主要包括界面
2.AndroidManifest.xml需要用到的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<!-- SD卡操作权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>3.主要的蓝牙工具类：
package com.example.bluetooth;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.UUID;
import com.example.main.MainActivity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 蓝牙服务类，包括蓝牙连接监听线程、连接线程、已连接线程
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class BluetoothService {
private static final String TAG = "Service";
private static final boolean DEBUG = true;
// 蓝牙端口名
private static final String BT_NAME = "XULANG";
// 获取设备UUID
private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
private final Handler mHandler;
private AcceptThread mAcceptThread;
private ConnectThread mConnectThread;
private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;
private int BtState;
//蓝牙状态常量
public static final int IDLE = 0; // 闲置
public static final int LISTENING = 1; // 监听
public static final int CONNECTING = 2; // 正在连接
public static final int CONNECTED = 3; // 已连接
public static boolean allowRec=true;
/**
* @param handler 在线程与UI间通讯
*/
public BluetoothService(Handler handler) {
mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
BtState = IDLE;
mHandler = handler;
}
/**
* 设置当前蓝牙状态
* @param state 当前蓝牙状态
*/
private synchronized void setState(int state) {
BtState = state;
}
/**
* 获取当前蓝牙状态
* @return 当前蓝牙状态
*/
public synchronized int getState() {
return BtState;
}
/**
* 启动本地蓝牙接收监听
*/
public synchronized void acceptWait() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "进入acceptWait");
// 开启外主蓝牙接收监听线程
if (mAcceptThread == null&&mConnectedThread==null) {
mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread();
mAcceptThread.start();
}
setState(LISTENING);
}
/**
* 开启连接线程方法
* @param device 欲连接的设备
*/
public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "正在连接" + device);
//关闭所有可能的蓝牙服务线程以便开启连接线程
cancelAllBtThread();
// 开启连接线程
mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device);
mConnectThread.start();
setState(CONNECTING);
}
/**
* 开启已连接线程的方法
* @param socket 已建立连接的蓝牙端口
* @param device 已连接的蓝牙设备
*/
public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "connected");
//关闭所有可能的蓝牙服务线程以便开启已连接线程
cancelAllBtThread();
// 开启已连接线程
mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);
mConnectedThread.start();
//发送已连接设备名回UI
sendString2UI(MainActivity.CONNECTED_DEVICE_NAME,
MainActivity.DEVICE_NAME,device.getName());
setState(CONNECTED);
}
/**
* 关闭所有蓝牙服务线程
*/
public synchronized void cancelAllBtThread() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancelAllBtThread方法");
if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;}
if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;}
if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;}
setState(IDLE);
}
/**
* 写输出数据
* @param out 输出字节流
* @see ConnectedThread#write(byte[])
*/
public void write(byte[] out) {
// object
ConnectedThread r;
// 同步
synchronized (this) {
if (BtState != CONNECTED) return;
r = mConnectedThread;
}
r.write(out);
}
/**
* 连接失败处理方法
*/
private void connectionFailed() {
setState(LISTENING);
mConnectedThread=null;
BluetoothService.this.acceptWait();
//向UI发送连接失败通知
sendString2UI(MainActivity.BT_TOAST,MainActivity.TOAST,"连接失败");
}
/**
* 发送字符串会UI
* @param what 什么类型
* @param key 关键字
* @param str 字符串
*/
private void sendString2UI(int what,String key,String str){
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(what);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString(key, str);
msg.setData(bundle);
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
/**
* 连接断开处理方法
*/
private void connectionBreak() {
setState(LISTENING);
mConnectedThread=null;
BluetoothService.this.acceptWait();
// 向UI发送连接断开通知
sendString2UI(MainActivity.BT_TOAST,MainActivity.TOAST,"连接断开");
}
/**
* 监听外部主蓝牙设备线程
*/
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mBtServSocket;
public AcceptThread() {
BluetoothServerSocket bss = null;
// 获取蓝牙监听端口
try {
bss = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(BT_NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e);
}
mBtServSocket = bss;
}
public void run() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "Begin mAcceptThread");
setName("AcceptThread");
BluetoothSocket socket = null;
// 监听端口直到连接上
while (BtState != CONNECTED) {
try {
//成功连接时退出循环
socket = mBtServSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e);
break;
}
// 成功接收主设备
if (socket != null) {
synchronized (BluetoothService.this) {
switch (BtState) {
case LISTENING:
case CONNECTING:
// 启动已连接线程
connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice());
break;
case IDLE:
case CONNECTED:
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e);
}
break;
}
}
}
}
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "End mAcceptThread");
}
public void cancel() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this);
try {
mBtServSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 连接蓝牙设备的线程
*/
private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mBtSocket;
private final BluetoothDevice mBtDevice;
public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
mBtDevice = device;
BluetoothSocket bs = null;
// 根据UUID获取欲连接设备
try {
bs = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e);
}
mBtSocket = bs;
}
public void run() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "Begin mConnectThread");
setName("ConnectThread");
// 尝试连接蓝牙端口
try {
mBtSocket.connect();
} catch (IOException e) {
// 当连接失败或异常
connectionFailed();
try {
mBtSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e2) {
Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e2);
}
// 重新开启连接监听线程并退出连接线程
BluetoothService.this.acceptWait();
if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "End mConnectThread");
return;
}
synchronized (BluetoothService.this) {
mConnectThread = null;
}
// 启动已连接线程
connected(mBtSocket, mBtDevice);
if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "End mConnectThread");
}
public void cancel() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this);
try {
mBtSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 已连接的相关处理线程
*/
private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mBtSocket;
private final InputStream mInputStream;
private final OutputStream mOutputStream;
public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "construct ConnectedThread");
mBtSocket = socket;
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
// 获取输入输出流
try {
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.i(TAG, "get Stream fail", e);
}
mInputStream = is;
mOutputStream = os;
}
public void run() {
if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "Begin mConnectedThread");
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
int bytes;
// 监听输入流以备获取数据
while (true) {
try {
bytes = mInputStream.read(buffer);
// 将接受数据发回UI处理
if(bytes!=-1&&allowRec){
mHandler.obtainMessage(MainActivity.REC_DATA,bytes,-1,buffer).sendToTarget();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "connection break", e);
connectionBreak();
break;
}
try {
//线程睡眠20ms以避免过于频繁工作 50ms->20ms 2017.12.2
//导致UI处理发回的数据不及时而阻塞
Thread.sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "End mConnectedThread");
}
/**
* 写输出流以发送数据
* @param buffer 欲输出字节流
*/
public void write(byte[] buffer) {
try {
mOutputStream.write(buffer);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e);
}
}
public void cancel() {
if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this);
try {
mBtSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e);
}
}
}
}