说明
这个系列将记录自己科研搬砖过程中的点点滴滴。由于有些代码比较目前还属于特殊情况，不会在记录中明确特别的细节。
系统环境
开始正式的科研搬砖。今天在新机器上安装 boost，环境为 Win10 下的 WSL2，Ubuntu 版本 18.04，boost 版本为 1.74.0。
编译安装 boost
更新系统
老样子，先将系统更新到最新，免得出错。
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
安装依赖库
boost 的依赖库主要有四个：MPI 库（mpi-default-dev）、正则表达式的UNICODE字符集（libicu-dev）和 bzlib（libbz2）。
编译和安装 boost
获取 boost 源码
我使用 win10 下载了 boost 1.74.0 的源码，https://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_74_0.html。放在 c:/xxx/boost_1_74_0.tar.bz2 中。
在 WSL2 中，使用命令行直接拷贝过来即可。
$ cp /mnt/c/xxx/boost_1_74_0.tar.bz2 .解压
tar -jxvf boost_1_74_0.tar.bz2编译
使用 bootstrap.sh。
$ cd boost_1_74_0/
$ ./bootstrap.sh
Building Boost.Build engine with toolset gcc... tools/build/src/engine/b2
Detecting Python version... 2.7
Detecting Python root... /usr
Unicode/ICU support for Boost.Regex?... /usr
Generating Boost.Build configuration in project-config.jam for gcc...
Bootstrapping is done. To build, run:
./b2
To generate header files, run:
./b2 headers
To adjust configuration, edit 'project-config.jam'.
Further information:
- Command line help:
./b2 --help
- Getting started guide:
http://www.boost.org/more/getting_started/unix-variants.html
- Boost.Build documentation:
http://www.boost.org/build/使用 b2。
$ sudo ./b2
Performing configuration checks
- default address-model : 64-bit
- default architecture : x86
Building the Boost C++ Libraries.
- C++11 mutex : yes
- lockfree boost::atomic_flag : yes
- has stat::st_mtim : yes
- has stat::st_mtimensec : no
- has stat::st_mtimespec : no
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_auto_declarations : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_constexpr : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_defaulted_functions : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_final : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_hdr_mutex : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_hdr_tuple : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_lambdas : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_noexcept : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_nullptr : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_rvalue_references : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_template_aliases : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_thread_local : yes
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_variadic_templates : yes
- has_icu builds : yes
warning: Graph library does not contain MPI-based parallel components.
note: to enable them, add "using mpi ;" to your user-config.jam.
note: to suppress this message, pass "--without-graph_parallel" to bjam.
- zlib : yes
- bzip2 : yes
- lzma : no
- zstd : no
- lzma : no (cached)
- has_lzma_cputhreads builds : no
- iconv (libc) : yes
- icu : yes
- native-atomic-int32-supported : yes
- native-syslog-supported : yes
- pthread-supports-robust-mutexes : yes
- compiler-supports-ssse3 : yes
- compiler-supports-avx2 : yes
- gcc visibility : yes
- long double support : yes
warning: skipping optional Message Passing Interface (MPI) library.
note: to enable MPI support, add "using mpi ;" to user-config.jam.
note: to suppress this message, pass "--without-mpi" to bjam.
note: otherwise, you can safely ignore this message.
- Boost.Config Feature Check: cxx11_static_assert : yes
- std::fstream is moveable and swappable : yes
- Has Large File Support : yes
- libbacktrace builds : yes
- addr2line builds : yes
- WinDbg builds : no
- WinDbgCached builds : no
- BOOST_COMP_GNUC >= 4.3.0 : yes
- zlib : yes
- bzip2 : yes
- lzma : no
- zstd : no
Component configuration:
- atomic : building
- chrono : building
- container : building
- context : building
- contract : building
- coroutine : building
- date_time : building
- exception : building
- fiber : building
- filesystem : building
- graph : building
- graph_parallel : building
- headers : building
- iostreams : building
- locale : building
- log : building
- math : building
- mpi : building
- nowide : building
- program_options : building
- python : building
- random : building
- regex : building
- serialization : building
- stacktrace : building
- system : building
- test : building
- thread : building
- timer : building
- type_erasure : building
- wave : building
...patience...
...patience...
...patience...
...patience...
...patience...
...found 16378 targets...
...updating 1792 targets...耐心等完成，再使用 install。
$ sudo ./b2 install
[sudo] password for zhouyi:
Performing configuration checks
- default address-model : 64-bit (cached)
- default architecture : x86 (cached)
- C++11 mutex : yes (cached)
- lockfree boost::atomic_flag : yes (cached)
- has stat::st_mtim : yes (cached)这样 boost 就会安装的缺省路径 /user/local，也就是头文件在 /usr/local/include/，库文件（lib）在 /usr/local/lib。
这样 boost 库就安装并且编译成功了。
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测试
测试程序
我们就使用 boost 自带的测试程序。
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/version.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
int fun(int x,int y){
return x+y;
}
int main(){
cout << "boost version" << BOOST_VERSION <<endl;
cout << "boost lib version" << BOOST_LIB_VERSION <<endl;
int m=1;
int n=2;
cout<<boost::bind(fun,_1,_2)(m,n)<<endl;
return 0;
}$ g++ boots.cpp -g -o boost
In file included from boots.cpp:2:0:
/usr/local/include/boost/bind.hpp:41:1: note: #pragma message: The practice of declaring the Bind placeholders (_1, _2, ...) in the global namespace is deprecated. Please use <boost/bind/bind.hpp> + using namespace boost::placeholders, or define BOOST_BIND_GLOBAL_PLACEHOLDERS to retain the current behavior.
)
^
$ ./boost
boost version107400
boost lib version1_74
3这样，我们就完成了 Ubuntu 18.04 下 boost 1.74.0 的编译和安装。
可以开始科学搬砖了。