ansible之role

我们在使用playbook编写任务时，如果一个httpd需要重复安装的话，我们就需要在playbook中重新写一份儿yml。而role可以将tasks,template等分开定义。将任务，模板存放在单独的目录中。可以将多个规则调用在一起，实现完成复杂场景的实现

role存放规则

每个角色都有自己的相对应的目录结构进行组织。

分步示例

以nginx为例，实现ansible主机提供nginx反代功能，后端两个nginx服务器分别提供静态资源和动态资源的访问

1）定义主机清单

[root@nginx ~]# cat /etc/ansible/hosts 
[local_nginx]
11.2.3.25
[http_server]
11.2.3.63
[php_server]
11.2.2.228

2）在/etc/ansible/roles下创建nginx文件夹，并创建tasks,template,var等目录

[root@nginx ansible]# tree
.
├── ansible.cfg
├── hosts
├── nginx_roles.yaml
└── roles
    └── nginx
        ├── default
        ├── files
        │   ├── index.html
        │   └── index.php
        ├── handlers
        │   └── main.yaml
        ├── meta
        ├── tasks
        │   └── main.yaml
        ├── templates
        │   ├── php_server.conf.j2
        │   ├── proxy_server.conf.j2
        │   ├── server.conf.j2
        │   └── www.conf.j2
        └── vars
            └── main.yaml

3）各个文件的示例，

[root@nginx ansible]# cat roles/nginx/tasks/main.yaml 
- name: install epel-release
  yum: name=epel-release.noarch state=present

- name: install nginx
  yum: name=nginx state=present

- name: start nginx
  service: name=nginx state=started

- name: install php-fpm
  yum: name=php-fpm state=present
  when:  ansible_hostname  == 'php_nginx'

- name: start php-fpm
  service: name=php-fpm state=started
  when: ansible_hostname == 'php-fpm'

- name: install php-fpm_conf
  template: src=www.conf.j2 dest=/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
  notify: restart php-fpm
  when:  ansible_hostname  == 'php_nginx'

- name: install http_server_conf
  template: src=server.conf.j2  dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/server.conf
  notify: reload nginx
  when:   ansible_hostname  == 'http_nginx'

- name: install php_server_conf
  template: src=php_server.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/server.conf
  notify: reload nginx
  when:  ansible_hostname  == 'php_nginx'

- name: install proxy_nginx_conf
  template: src=proxy_server.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/server.conf
  notify: reload nginx
  when:  ansible_hostname  == 'nginx'

- name: make directory
  file: name={
    
    {
    
     index_root }} state=directory

- name: cp file 
  copy: src=index.html dest={
    
    {
    
     index_root }}
  when: ansible_hostname == 'http_nginx'

- name: cp php_file
  copy: src=index.php dest={
    
    {
    
     index_root }}
  when: ansible_hostname == 'php_nginx'

[root@nginx nginx]# cat templates/proxy_server.conf.j2   #这是nginx作为反代的配置文件
server{
	listen 80;
	server_name {
   
   { domain_name }};
	root {
   
   { index_root }};
	location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma){
                   index index.html;
                   proxy_pass http://{
   
   { http_server }};
           }
	
	location ~ .*\.php$ {
		index index.php;
		proxy_pass http://{
   
   { php_server }};
	}
}



[root@nginx nginx]# cat templates/server.conf.j2  # 这是处理静态的nginx主机配置文件 
server{
 	listen 80 default_server;   #此处加了default_server，所以在tasks中需要也添加一个nginx.conf.j2的文件，将nginx.conf中的default_server去掉，避免影响冲突。
	server_name {
   
   { domain_name }};
    	location /{
		index index.html;
		root {
   
   { index_root }};
	} 

}



[root@nginx nginx]# cat templates/php_server.conf.j2 #处理动态资源的nginx主机配置文件
server{
	listen 80 default_server;
	server_name {
   
   { domain_name }};
	index index.php;
	root {
   
   { index_root }};

	location / {
		root {
   
   { index_root }};
		index index.php;
		fastcgi_pass {
   
   { php_server }}:9000;
		fastcgi_index index.php;
		fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME {
   
   { index_root }}$fastcgi_script_name;
		include fastcgi_params;
	}
	
}


[root@nginx nginx]# cat templates/www.conf.j2   #这个是php-fpm的配置文件，可以根据自己修改

[root@nginx nginx]# cat vars/main.yaml    #这个是变量设置文件
index_root: /data/root/
http_server: 11.2.3.63
php_server: 11.2.2.228
domain_name: www.ydong.com

[root@nginx nginx]# ls files/   #这个是后端nginx的网页
index.html  index.php

直接运行后的结果