线性表的动态分配顺序存储结构
// 函数结果运行状态
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define LIST_INIT_SIZE 100 //线性表存储空间的初始分配量
#define LISTINCREMENT 10 //线性表存储空间的分配增量
typedef float ElemType;
typedef int Status;
typedef struct{
ElemType *elem; //存储空间基址
int length; //当前长度
int listsize; //当前分配的存储容量(以sizeof(ElemType)为单位
}SqList;
顺序表的初始化(算法2.3)
Status InitList(SqList &L){
L.elem = (ElemType *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE *sizeof(ElemType));
if(!L.elem)
exit(OVERFLOW); //存储分配失败
L.length=0; //空表长度为0
L.listsize=LIST_INIT_SIZE; //初始存储容量
return OK;
}
顺序表的插入(算法2.4)
Status ListInsert(SqList &L,int i,ElemType e){
ElemType *newbase,*q,*p;
if(i<i || i>L.length)//i值不合法
return ERROR;
if(L.length>=L.listsize){
//当前存储空间已满,增加分配
newbase=(ElemType *)realloc(L.elem,(L.listsize+LISTINCREMENT)*sizeof(ElemType));
if(newbase == NULL){
//存储分配失败
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
L.elem = newbase; //新基址
L.listsize += LISTINCREMENT; //增加存储容量
}
q = &(L.elem[i-1]); //q为插入位置
for(p = &(L.elem[L.length-1]);p>=q;--p)
*(p+1)=*p; //插入位置及之后的元素右移
*q=e; //插入e
++L.length; //表长增1
return OK;
}
顺序表的删除(算法2.5)
Status ListDelet(SqList &L,int i,ElemType &e){
ElemType *p,*q;
if(i<1 || i>L.length) //i值不合法
return ERROR;
p=&(L.elem[i-1]); //p为被删除元素的位置
e=*p; //被删除元素的值赋给e
q=L.elem+L.length-1; //表尾元素的位置
for(++p;p<=q;++p)
*(p-1) = *p; //被删除元素之后的元素右移
--L.length; //表长减一
return OK;
}
顺序表的查找(算法2.6)
int LocateElem(SqList L,ElemType e){
int i=1; //i的初值为第一个元素的位序
ElemType *p;
p = L.elem; //p的初值为第一个元素的存储位置
while(i<=L.length && *p++!=e)
i++;
if(i<=L.length)
return i;
else
return 0;
}
顺序表的合并,合并成新表(算法2.7)
void MergetList(SqList La,SqList Lb,SqList &Lc){
ElemType *pa,*pb,*pc,*pa_last,*pb_last;
pa=La.elem;
pb=Lb.elem;
Lc.listsize=Lc.length=La.length+Lb.length;
pc=Lc.elem=(ElemType *)malloc(Lc.listsize *sizeof(ElemType));
if(!Lc.elem)
exit(OVERFLOW); //存储分配失败
pa_last=La.elem+La.length-1;
pb_last=Lb.elem+Lb.length-1;
while(pa<=pa_last && pb<=pb_last){
//归并
if(*pa<=*pb)
*pc++=*pa++;
else
*pc++=*pb++;
}
while(pa<=pa_last)
*pc++=*pa++; //插入La的剩余元素
while(pb<=pb_last) //插入Lb的剩余元素
*pc++=*pb++;
}
顺序表的合并aUb(算法2.1)
前提准备
//计算线性表的长度
int ListLength(SqList L){
int i=0;
while(L.elem[i])
i++;
return i;
}
//获取线性表元素的位置
Status GetElem(SqList &L,int i,ElemType &e){
e=L.elem[i-1];
return OK;
}
void Lunion(SqList &La,SqList Lb){
int i;
ElemType e;
int La_len,Lb_len;
La_len=ListLength(La); //求线性表的长度
Lb_len=ListLength(Lb);
for(i=1;i<=Lb_len;i++){
GetElem(Lb,i,e); //取Lb中第i个数据元素赋给e
if(!LocateElem(La,e))
ListInsert(La,++La_len,e);//La中不存在和e相同的数据元素,则插入之
}
}
全部代码和进行测试
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define LIST_INIT_SIZE 100
#define LISTINCREMENT 10
typedef float ElemType;
typedef int Status;
typedef struct{
ElemType *elem;
int length;
int listsize;
}SqList;
Status InitList(SqList &L){
L.elem = (ElemType *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE *sizeof(ElemType));
if(!L.elem)
exit(OVERFLOW);
L.length=0;
L.listsize=LIST_INIT_SIZE;
return OK;
}
Status ListInsert(SqList &L,int i,ElemType e){
ElemType *newbase,*q,*p;
if(i<i || i>L.length)
return ERROR;
if(L.length>=L.listsize){
newbase=(ElemType *)realloc(L.elem,(L.listsize+LISTINCREMENT)*sizeof(ElemType));
if(newbase == NULL){
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
L.elem = newbase;
L.listsize += LISTINCREMENT;
}
q = &(L.elem[i-1]);
for(p = &(L.elem[L.length-1]);p>=q;--p)
*(p+1)=*p;
*q=e;
++L.length;
return OK;
}
int LocateElem(SqList L,ElemType e){
int i=1;
ElemType *p;
p = L.elem;
while(i<=L.length && *p++!=e)
i++;
if(i<=L.length)
return i;
else
return 0;
}
void MergetList(SqList La,SqList Lb,SqList &Lc){
ElemType *pa,*pb,*pc,*pa_last,*pb_last;
pa=La.elem;
pb=Lb.elem;
Lc.listsize=Lc.length=La.length+Lb.length;
pc=Lc.elem=(ElemType *)malloc(Lc.listsize *sizeof(ElemType));
if(!Lc.elem)
exit(OVERFLOW);
pa_last=La.elem+La.length-1;
pb_last=Lb.elem+Lb.length-1;
while(pa<=pa_last && pb<=pb_last){
if(*pa<=*pb)
*pc++=*pa++;
else
*pc++=*pb++;
}
while(pa<=pa_last)
*pc++=*pa++;
while(pb<=pb_last)
*pc++=*pb++;
}
Status ListDelet(SqList &L,int i,ElemType &e){
ElemType *p,*q;
if(i<1 || i>L.length)
return ERROR;
p=&(L.elem[i-1]);
e=*p;
q=L.elem+L.length-1;
for(++p;p<=q;++p)
*(p-1) = *p;
--L.length;
return OK;
}
int ListLength(SqList L){
int i=0;
while(L.elem[i])
i++;
return i;
}
Status GetElem(SqList &L,int i,ElemType &e){
e=L.elem[i-1];
return OK;
}
void Lunion(SqList &La,SqList Lb){
int i;
ElemType e;
int La_len,Lb_len;
La_len=ListLength(La);
Lb_len=ListLength(Lb);
for(i=1;i<=Lb_len;i++){
GetElem(Lb,i,e);
if(!LocateElem(La,e))
ListInsert(La,++La_len,e);
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
SqList La,Lb,Lc;//定义3个表
ElemType e;
Status i=0,n,m,flag;
InitList(La);
InitList(Lb);
InitList(Lc);
//给ab表赋值
printf("请输入您想要在a中输入的元素个数:\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
La.length=n;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&La.elem[i]);
}
printf("请输入您想要在b中输入的元素个数:\n");
scanf("%d",&m);
Lb.length=m;
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&Lb.elem[i]);
}
//插入一个值
printf("请输入你想在a表插入的元素位置和元素:\n");
scanf("%d%f",&i,&e);
ListInsert(La,i,e);
for(i=0;i<n+1;i++)
{
printf("%4.2f ",La.elem[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("插入的元素为%4.2f\n",e);
//删除一个值
printf("请输入在a表中删除的元素位置:\n");
scanf("%d",&i);
ListDelet(La,i,e);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%4.2f ",La.elem[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("删除的元素为%f:\n",e);
//对线性表进行查找
printf("请输入你想在a表中想找到的元素:\n");
scanf("%f",&e);
i=LocateElem(La,e);
printf("元素的位置为%d\n",i);
printf("\n");
La.length=n;
//对a,b俩表进行有序合并C
MergetList(La,Lb,Lc);
printf("合成c表为:\n");
for(i=0;i<n+m;i++)
{
printf("%4.2f ",Lc.elem[i]);
}
// 对la和lb进行合并
printf("\n");
printf("aUb的结果:\n");
Lunion(La,Lb);
for(i=0;i<La.length;i++)
{
printf("%4.2f ",La.elem[i]);
}
return 0;
}