如何实现两栏布局,三栏布局,水平/垂直居中

两栏布局

先写一下样式

<div class="box">
        <div class="left">左</div>
        <div class="right">右</div>
    </div>


使用float + margin方式实现

<style>
    div {
    
    
        height: 200px;
        color: red;
    }
    .left {
    
    
	float: left;
	width: 300px;
	background-color: green;
}
.right {
    
    
	width: 100%;
	margin-left: 300px;
	background-color: black;	
}
</style>

还可以使用position实现

 div {
    
    
        height: 200px;
        color:red;
    }
 .left {
    
    
	position: absolute;
	left:  0;
	width: 300px;
	background-color: green;
}
.right {
    
    
	width: 100%;
	margin-left: 300px;
	background-color: black;	
}

也可以使用flex实现

 div {
    
    
        height: 200px;
        color: red;
    }
    .box {
    
    
    display: flex;
}
.left {
    
    
    flex:  0 0 300px;
    background-color: green;
}
.right {
    
    
    flex:  1 1;
    background-color: black;	
}

三栏布局

先写样式

<div class="box">
        <div class="left">左</div>
        <div class="right">右</div>
        <div class="center">中</div>
    </div>

使用float + margin方式实现

 div {
    
    
	height: 200px;
	color: red;
}
.center {
    
    
	width: 100%;
	margin-left: 300px;
	margin-right: 100px;
	background-color: green;
}
.left {
    
    
	float: left;
	width: 300px;
	background-color: black;
}
.right {
    
    
	float: right;
	width: 100px;
	background-color: blue;	
}

使用position实现

   div {
    
    
	height: 200px;
	color: red;
}
.center {
    
    
	width: 100%;
	margin-left: 300px;
	margin-right: 100px;
	background-color: black;
}
.left {
    
    
	position: absolute;
	left: 0px;
	width: 300px;
	background-color: green;
}
.right {
    
    
	position: absolute;
	right: 0px;
	width: 100px;
	background-color: blue;	
}

使用flex布局

.box{
    
    
      display:flex;
}
.left{
    
    
      background-color: red;
      width: 100px;
      height: 100px;
      flex:0 1 auto;
      order:-1; 
}
.right{
    
    
      background-color: blue;
      width: 100px;
      height: 100px;
      flex:0 1 auto;
}
.center{
    
    
      background-color:yellow;
      flex:1 0 auto;
      height: 100px;
}

圣杯布局
三列布局,左列和右列都是固定宽度,中间自适应

<html>
 2     <head>
 3         <meta charset="utf-8">
 4         <style type="text/css">
 5             .main{
    
    
 6                 width: 80%;
 7                 height: 300px;
 8             }
 9             .left,.right,.middle{
    
    
10                 float: left;
11                 height: 100%;
12             }
13             .middle{
    
    
14                 width: 100%;
15                 background-color: gold;
16             }
17             .left{
    
    
18                 width: 150px;
19                 margin-left: -100%;
20                 background-color: yellow;
21             }
22             .right{
    
    
23                 width: 200px;
24                 margin-left: -200px;
25                 background-color: #ee4311;
26             }
27             .content{
    
    
28                 margin:0 200px 0 150px;
29             }
30         </style>
31     </head>
32     <body>
33         <div class="main">
34             
35             <div class="middle">
36                 <div class="content">
37                     middle-content
38                 </div>
39             </div>
40             <div class="left">left</div>
41             
42             <div class="right">right</div>
43         </div>
44     </body>
45 </html>

双飞翼布局
三栏布局,两边的盒子宽度固定,中间盒子自适应

<style>
  body {
    
    
    min-width: 550px;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 20px;
  }
  #header,
  #footer {
    
    
    background: rgba(29, 27, 27, 0.726);
    text-align: center;
    height: 60px;
    line-height: 60px;
  }
  #container {
    
    
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .column {
    
    
    text-align: center;
    height: 300px;
    line-height: 300px;
  }
  #left, #right, #center {
    
    
    float: left;
  }
  #center {
    
    
    width: 100%;
    background: rgb(206, 201, 201);
  }
  #left {
    
    
    width: 200px;
    margin-left: -100%;
    background: rgba(95, 179, 235, 0.972);
  }
  #right {
    
    
    width: 150px;
    margin-left: -150px;
    background: rgb(231, 105, 2);
  }
  .content {
    
    
    margin: 0 150px 0 200px;
  }
</style>
 
<body>
  <div id="header">#header</div>
 
  <div id="container">
    <div id="center" class="column">
      <div class="content">#center</div>
    </div>
    <div id="left" class="column">#left</div>
    <div id="right" class="column">#right</div>
  </div>
  <div id="footer">#footer</div>
</body>
 

双飞翼布局和圣杯布局的区别:
圣杯布局和双飞翼布局解决问题的方案在前一半是相同的,也就是三栏全部float浮动,但左右两栏加上负margin让其跟中间栏div并排,以形成三栏布局。不同的地方在于解决中间div内容不被遮挡的思路上面:

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1.圣杯布局的为了中间内容不被修改,是通过包裹元素的padding-left和padding-right来使得内容div置于中间,然后再通过相对定位position:relative,配合right或left属性让左右两栏不遮挡中间内容。
2.双飞翼布局的解决方案是:通过在中间元素的内部新增一个div用于放置内容,然后通过左右外边距margin-left和margin-right为左右两栏留出位置。

垂直居中

position + margin实现

<body>
    <div class="box">
        <div class="box1"></div>
    </div>
    
</body>
<style>
.box {
    
    
	position: relative;
	width: 500px;
	height: 500px;
	background-color: red;
}
.box1 {
    
    
	position: absolute;
	left: 50%;
	top:  50%;
	width: 200px;
	height: 200px;
	margin-left: -100px;
	margin-top: -100px;
	background-color: black;
}
</style>

flex实现

<body>
    <div class="box">
        <div class="box1"></div>
    </div>
    
</body>
<style>
.box {
    
    
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	width: 500px;
	height: 500px;
	background-color: blue;
}
.box1 {
    
    
	width: 200px;
	height: 200px;
	background-color: black;
}
</style>

水平居中

通过text-align: center 实现;
前提是看它的父元素是不是块级元素,如果是,则直接给父元素设置 text-align: center;

<body>
    <div class="box">
        <span class="box1">1111</span>
    </div>
    
</body>
<style>

.box {
    
    
    
     width: 500px;
     height: 300px;
     background-color: skyblue;
     text-align: center;
}
.box1{
    
    
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
  
}
</style>

如果不是,则先将其父元素设置为块级元素,再给父元素设置 text-align: center;

.box {
    
    
    display: block;
    width: 500px; 
    height: 300px;
    background-color: skyblue; 
    text-align: center; 
}

.box1{
    
    
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
  
}

可以使用margin: 0 auto实现


    #father {
    
    
    width: 500px;
    height: 300px;
    background-color: skyblue;
}
  
#son {
    
     
    width: 100px; 
    height: 100px; 
    background-color: green; 
    margin: 0 auto;

还可以使用定位实现


.box {
    
    
        width: 500px;
        height: 300px;
        background-color: skyblue;
        position: relative;
    }
 
    .box1 {
    
    
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
        background-color: green;
        position: absolute;
        left: 50%;
        margin-left: -50px;
    }

使用flexbox布局

 .box {
    
    
        width: 500px;
        height: 300px;
        background-color: skyblue;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
    }
 
    .box1 {
    
    
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
        background-color: green;
    }

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转载自blog.csdn.net/wsxDream/article/details/108268142