Java执行shell命令和脚本工具

有时候我们需要在Linux服务器上执行一些shell命令和脚本，Java给我们提供了这个解决方案，核心类：Runtime

代码清单：

ShellUtil.java

@Slf4j
public class ShellUtil {
    
    


    /**
     * 运行shell脚本
     *
     * @param shell 需要运行的shell脚本的地址 绝对路径
     */
    public static void execShell(String shell) {
    
    
        List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> errList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
    
    
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(shell);
            process.waitFor();
            InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream());
            InputStreamReader err = new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream());
            LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
            LineNumberReader errInput = new LineNumberReader(err);
            String line;

            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
    
    
                strList.add(line);
            }
            while ((line = errInput.readLine()) != null) {
    
    
                errList.add(line);
            }
            process.destroy();
            ir.close();
            err.close();
            input.close();
            errInput.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            log.error("运行shell脚本失败:",e);
        }
        log.debug("执行 {} ", shell);
        log.debug("执行结果：{}  ", strList);
        log.debug("脚本错误信息：{}", errList);
    }

    /**
     * 运行shell脚本 后台运行 new String[]方式
     *
     * @param shell 需要运行的shell脚本文件字符串
     */
    public static void execShellBin(String shell) {
    
    
        try {
    
    
            Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{
    
    "/bin/sh", "-c", shell}, null, null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            log.error("运行shell脚本失败:",e);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 运行shell并获得结果，注意：如果sh中含有awk,一定要按new String[]{"/bin/sh","-c",shStr}写,才可以获得流
     *
     * @param shStr 需要执行的shell命令
     */
    public static List<String> runShell(String shStr) {
    
    
        List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> errList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
    
    
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{
    
    "/bin/sh", "-c", shStr}, null, null);
            InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream());
            InputStreamReader err = new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream());
            LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
            LineNumberReader errInput = new LineNumberReader(err);
            String line;

            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
    
    
                strList.add(line);
            }
            while ((line = errInput.readLine()) != null) {
    
    
                errList.add(line);
            }
            process.destroy();
            ir.close();
            err.close();
            input.close();
            errInput.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            log.error("运行shell脚本失败:",e);
        }
        log.debug("执行 {} ", shStr);
        log.debug("执行结果：{}  ", strList);
        log.debug("脚本错误信息：{}", errList);
        return strList;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        //授权
        execShellBin("cd /Users/${userName}/project/; chmod +x ./test.sh");
        execShell("/Users/${userName}/project/test.sh");
        execShellBin("ls ; pwd");
        List<String> strings = runShell("ls ; pwd");
        System.out.println(strings);
    }


}

注意执行的脚本需要授权，同时shell文件，必须是UNIX格式，ANSI编码格式，windows电脑可以先在Linux服务器上编写了，再下载下来