环境准备
1.所有节点
#所有机器安装
yum install -y nfs-utils
2.主节点
#nfs主节点
echo "/nfs/data/ *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)" > /etc/exports
mkdir -p /nfs/data
systemctl enable rpcbind --now
systemctl enable nfs-server --now
#配置生效
exportfs -r
3.从节点
showmount -e 172.31.0.4
#执行以下命令挂载 nfs 服务器上的共享目录到本机路径 /root/nfsmount
mkdir -p /nfs/data
mount -t nfs 172.31.0.4:/nfs/data /nfs/data
# 写入一个测试文件
echo "hello nfs server" > /nfs/data/test.txt
4.原生方式数据挂载
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pv-demo
name: nginx-pv-demo
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-pv-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-pv-demo
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: html
mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
volumes:
- name: html
nfs:
server: 172.31.0.4
path: /nfs/data/nginx-pv
1、PV&PVC
PV:持久卷(Persistent Volume),将应用需要持久化的数据保存到指定位置
PVC:持久卷申明(Persistent Volume Claim),申明需要使用的持久卷规格
1.创建pv池
静态供应
#nfs主节点
mkdir -p /nfs/data/01
mkdir -p /nfs/data/02
mkdir -p /nfs/data/03
创建PV
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pv01-10m
spec:
capacity:
storage: 10M
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: nfs
nfs:
path: /nfs/data/01
server: 172.31.0.4
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pv02-1gi
spec:
capacity:
storage: 1Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: nfs
nfs:
path: /nfs/data/02
server: 172.31.0.4
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pv03-3gi
spec:
capacity:
storage: 3Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: nfs
nfs:
path: /nfs/data/03
server: 172.31.0.4
2.PVC创建与绑定
创建PVC
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: nginx-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 200Mi
storageClassName: nfs
创建Pod绑定PVC
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-deploy-pvc
name: nginx-deploy-pvc
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-deploy-pvc
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-deploy-pvc
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: html
mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
volumes:
- name: html
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: nginx-pvc
2、ConfigMap
抽取应用配置,并且可以自动更新
1、redis示例
1、把之前的配置文件创建为配置集
# 创建配置,redis保存到k8s的etcd;
kubectl create cm redis-conf --from-file=redis.conf
apiVersion: v1
data: #data是所有真正的数据,key:默认是文件名 value:配置文件的内容
redis.conf: |
appendonly yes
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: redis-conf
namespace: default
2、创建Pod
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: redis
spec:
containers:
- name: redis
image: redis
command:
- redis-server
- "/redis-master/redis.conf" #指的是redis容器内部的位置
ports:
- containerPort: 6379
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /data
name: data
- mountPath: /redis-master
name: config
volumes:
- name: data
emptyDir: {
}
- name: config
configMap:
name: redis-conf
items:
- key: redis.conf
path: redis.conf
3、检查默认配置
kubectl exec -it redis -- redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET appendonly
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET requirepass
4、修改ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: example-redis-config
data:
redis-config: |
maxmemory 2mb
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
5、检查配置是否更新
kubectl exec -it redis -- redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET maxmemory
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET maxmemory-policy
检查指定文件内容是否已经更新
修改了CM。Pod里面的配置文件会跟着变
配置值未更改,因为需要重新启动 Pod 才能从关联的 ConfigMap 中获取更新的值。
原因:我们的Pod部署的中间件自己本身没有热更新能力
3、Secret
Secret 对象类型用来保存敏感信息,例如密码、OAuth 令牌和 SSH 密钥。 将这些信息放在 secret 中比放在 Pod 的定义或者 容器镜像 中来说更加安全和灵活
kubectl create secret docker-registry leifengyang-docker \
--docker-username=leifengyang \
--docker-password=Lfy123456 \
--docker-email=534096094@qq.com
##命令格式
kubectl create secret docker-registry regcred \
--docker-server=<你的镜像仓库服务器> \
--docker-username=<你的用户名> \
--docker-password=<你的密码> \
--docker-email=<你的邮箱地址>
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: private-nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: private-nginx
image: leifengyang/guignginx:v1.0
imagePullSecrets:
- name: leifengyang-docker
参考:文章