Apache HttpComponents 简单使用

文章目录

官网

参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/lrzy/articles/15667814.html

网络编程（含 UrlConnection 发送 HTTP 请求下载文件）：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41538097/article/details/118722718
Apache HttpComponents 简单使用：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41538097/article/details/123719298
RestTemplate简单使用：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41538097/article/details/123560238
okhttp3简单使用：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41538097/article/details/123677614
HttpURLConnection 简单使用：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41538097/article/details/123697432

一、简介

Apache Commons HttpClient（或被称为 Apache HttpClient 3.x）、Apache HttpComponents Client（或被称为 Apache HttpClient 4.x）

HttpComponents 项目就是专门设计来简化 HTTP 客户端与服务器进行各种通讯编程。

现在的 HttpComponents 包含多个子项目

HttpComponents Core、HttpComponents Client、HttpComponents AsyncClient、Commons HttpClient

主要的功能

实现了所有 HTTP 的方法（GET,POST,PUT,HEAD 等）
支持自动转向
支持 HTTPS 协议
支持代理服务器等
支持Cookie

1、导入依赖

最新版本 4.5.13

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>

请求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/get/params?id=123456&name=admin

@Autowired
    HttpClientComponentsController httpClientComponentsController;

    @Test
    public void getMethod() throws IOException {
    
    
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("id", 123456);
        jsonObject.put("name", "admin");

        StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder("http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/get/params");
        url.append("?");
        for (String s : jsonObject.keySet()) {
    
    
            url.append(s).append("=").append(jsonObject.get(s)).append("&");
        }
        String substring = url.substring(0, url.length() - 1);
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        CloseableHttpResponse closeableHttpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(new HttpGet(substring));

        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(closeableHttpResponse.getEntity()));
    }

java 接口

    @GetMapping("/get/params")
    public JSONObject getParams(@RequestParam String id, @RequestParam("name") String userName){
    
    }

二、post 请求

1、post 请求传递 x-www-form-urlencoded 参数

请求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/post/params/x-www
在这里插入图片描述
UrlEncodedFormEntity 继承 StringEntity 构造方法默认 CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8" 所以传递参数可以在 url 后使用 & 拼接参数

    @Test
    public void getPost() throws IOException {
    
    
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/post/params/x-www";
        List<NameValuePair> form = new ArrayList<>();
        form.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "admin"));
        form.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));
        HttpEntity reqEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(form, "utf-8");
        Header header = new BasicHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setSocketTimeout(5000)
                .setConnectTimeout(5000)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
                .build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
        httpPost.setHeader(header);
        httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36");
        // 默认 Content-Type
        httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().build();
        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()));
    }

java 接口

    @PostMapping("/post/params/x-www")
    public JSONObject postParams(String name, String password) {
    
    }

2、post/get 请求传递 json 参数

StringEntity 可以传递 json 参数，默认 CONTENT_TYPE = "text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1“
请求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/post/params/json
在这里插入图片描述

    @Test
    public void getPostFormData() throws IOException {
    
    
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("account", "admin");
        map.put("password", "123456");
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/HttpClient/post/params/json";
        StringEntity se = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toJSONString());
        se.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
        se.setContentType("application/json");//发送json需要设置contentType
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(se);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        log.info(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
    }

java 接口

    @PostMapping("/post/params/json")
    public JSONObject postParams(@RequestBody Map<String, Object> map) {
    
    }

3、post 请求传递 multipart/form-data 参数（含文件）

传递 multipart/form-data 参数需要导入 httpmime 依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.13</version>
        </dependency>

请求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8080/okhttp3/post/params_from_async
在这里插入图片描述

    @Test
    public void getPostFormFile() throws IOException {
    
    
        File file = new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Pictures\\小程序\\126.jpg");
        MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
        // 文件
        multipartEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody("file", file, ContentType.IMAGE_JPEG, "126.jpg");
        // 文本
        multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody("name", "admin", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);
        multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody("password", "123456", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);
        HttpEntity httpEntity = multipartEntityBuilder.build();
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/okhttp3/post/params_from_async";
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        log.info(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
    }

java 接口

 @PostMapping("/post/params_from_async")
    public JSONObject postParamsFromAsync(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws InterruptedException, IOException, ServletException {
    
    }

三、关闭 Debug 日志打印

如果你只使用 main 方法调用 Api 接口，控制台会打印很多无用日志（如果是 Springboot 项目可以配置日志配置文件，如：loback.xml），main 方法可以通过调整日志级别关闭 Debug 日志打印

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>

main 方法调用控制台打印无用日志
在这里插入图片描述
调整日志级别

import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TestBlob {
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        ((LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory())
                .getLoggerList()
                .forEach(logger -> logger.setLevel(Level.ERROR));

        System.out.println(getArticleCount());
        System.out.println(ArrayUtils.toString(getUrl()));
    }
}