script086
题目
注：题目来源于 SHELL29 netstat练习1-查看各个状态的连接数 。
假设 netstat 命令运行的结果我们存储在 nowcoder.txt 里，格式如下：
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6160 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41856 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49822 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49674 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:42316 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:44076 172.16.240.74:6379 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49656 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:58248 100.100.142.4:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:50108 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41944 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:35548 100.100.32.118:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:39024 100.100.45.106:443 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41788 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:58260 100.100.142.4:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41812 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41854 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:58252 100.100.142.4:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49586 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41754 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:50466 120.55.222.235:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:38514 100.100.142.5:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49832 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:52162 100.100.30.25:80 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:50372 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:50306 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49600 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41908 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:60292 100.100.142.1:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:37650 100.100.54.133:80 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41938 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:49736 172.16.0.24:3306 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 172.16.56.200:41890 172.16.34.144:3306 ESTABLISHED
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 0.0.0.0:*
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:45881 0.0.0.0:*
udp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:*
udp 0 0 172.16.56.200:68 0.0.0.0:*
udp6 0 0 ::1:323 :::*
raw6 0 0 :::58 :::* 7
现在需要你查看系统tcp连接中各个状态的连接数，并且按照连接数降序输出。你的脚本应该输出如下：
ESTABLISHED 22
TIME_WAIT 9
LISTEN 3
脚本一
通过 grep 命令检索 tcp 连接行；然后使用 awk 命令提取第六列，表示各个连接的状态；再使用 sort 命令排序，让重复的行相邻；使用 uniq -c 命令去除并统计各个状态连接的出现次数；再通过 sort 命令降序排列；最后通过 awk 调整显示列顺序，让状态名在第一列显示，第二列显示连接数。
grep "tcp" nowcoder.txt | awk '{print $6}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | awk '{print $2,$1}'
脚本二
通过关联数组来实现，将各个状态和该状态的连接数放进关联数组中；接着在 END{} 中循环遍历关联数组，打印状态名和状态表示的连接数；最后通过 sort 命令对第二列进行倒序排列。
awk '/tcp/{map[$6]++} END{for(k in map) print k,map[k]}' nowcoder.txt | sort -nr -k 2