android 自定义进度波形图

在网上找了一些相关资料,有些数据内容没有步骤,显得比较难懂,这边就写一个简单的自定义波形图先上图:


效果如图所示

自定义 view 分几个步骤:

  1. 一个类继承自 View 或 ViewGroup;
  2. 重写构造方法
  3. 初始化方法:用于初始化画笔、自定义属性等
  4. 重写 onMeasure()方法:用于测量屏幕尺寸,长宽的模式
  5. 重写 onLayout()方法:布局查看
  6. 重写 onDraw()方法:绘制界面
  7. 写相关的设置参数或者回调接口等

下面就介绍下波浪相关的方法:

首先是贝塞尔曲线

这个网站上可以自己查看是什么样例:http://myst729.github.io/bezier-curve/


想具体了解贝塞尔曲线原理,可自行搜索

下面介绍下简单的代码过程:

    android 提供了 Path 类里面有两个方法:



quadTo 表示的是二次方程的方法 cubicTo 表示的是三次方程的方法


x1,y1表示的事过程点C,x2,y2表示的终点 B 以此类推

所以先要设置一个起始点:x0,y0使用此方法:


现移到一个点,再过过程点,再到终点

上代码:

WaveView继承自 View

package com.riti.testview;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Path;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

/**
 * Created by YZBbanban on 2018/2/28.
 */

public class WareView extends View {
    private Paint mPaint;
    private Path mPath;

    public WareView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }

    public WareView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init();
    }

    public WareView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//防锯齿
        mPaint.setDither(true);//防抖动
        mPath = new Path();

    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //画笔颜色
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        //设置为描边
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        //移动到左边屏幕中间
        mPath.moveTo(0.0f , getHeight()/2);
        //贝斯阿尔曲线
        mPath.quadTo(getWidth()/2,getHeight()/2,getWidth()/2,getHeight());
        //在画布上绘制
        canvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);

    }

}

效果图:

简单的贝塞尔曲线绘制完成下面进入正题:

首先绘制曲线:

    曲线模型


如图所示:起点为(0,getHeight()/2),过程点有四个,则需要写四个二次方程方法,终点有4个:

方法:

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //画笔颜色
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        //设置为描边
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        //移动到左边屏幕中间
        mPath.moveTo(0.0f , getHeight()/2);
        //贝斯阿尔曲线
        mPath.quadTo(getWidth()/8,getHeight()/2-100,getWidth()/4,getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(3*getWidth()/8,getHeight()/2+100,getWidth()/2,getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(5*getWidth()/8,getHeight()/2-100,3*getWidth()/4,getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(7*getWidth()/8,getHeight()/2+100,getWidth(),getHeight()/2);
        //在画布上绘制
        canvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);

    }

效果:


效果出来了只要让曲线动起来就行了,这里有个简单的方法,加长曲线,超出屏幕的左侧,然后向右移动,使用ValueAnimator 即可

理论图形:


绘制成这样的曲线,然后不断变换 x 轴的偏移量,上代码:

@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
    super.onDraw(canvas);
    //画笔颜色
    mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
    //设置为描边
    mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
    //初始化,不然会重复绘制
    mPath.reset();
    //移动到左边屏幕中间
    mPath.moveTo(0.0f , getHeight()/2);
    //贝斯阿尔曲线
    mPath.quadTo(-7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(-5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, -getWidth()/2+offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(-3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(-1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, offset, getHeight()/2);

    mPath.quadTo(1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth()/2 + offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, 3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
    mPath.quadTo(7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth() + offset, getHeight()/2);
    //在画布上绘制
    canvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);

}


当然要给 offset设置一个初始值0,效果没有太大变化,因为有一半的曲线在屏幕的左边,看不到

加上动画效果:

    private void xController() {
        ValueAnimator mAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0, getWidth());
        mAnimator.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
        mAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator valueAnimator) {
                float animatorValue = (float) valueAnimator.getAnimatedValue();
                offset = animatorValue;//不断的设置偏移量,并重画
                postInvalidate();

            }
        });
        mAnimator.setDuration(1000);
        mAnimator.setRepeatCount(ValueAnimator.INFINITE);
        mAnimator.start();
    }

在 onLayout() 方法中添加 xcontroller()方法

效果图:


动态的曲线完成

接下来是填充颜色:

改变画笔的样式为填充 FILL

上代码:

 @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //画笔颜色
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        //改变模式为填充 fill
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        //初始化,不然会重复绘制
        mPath.reset();
        //移动到左边屏幕中间
        mPath.moveTo(0.0f , getHeight()/2);
        //贝斯阿尔曲线
        mPath.quadTo(-7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, -getWidth()/2+offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, offset, getHeight()/2);

        mPath.quadTo(1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth()/2 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, 3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth() + offset, getHeight()/2);
        //贝塞尔曲线中点为屏幕右端竖直方向的中点,所以选取屏幕上方作为一条线的中点
        mPath.lineTo(getWidth(),0);
        //在移动到屏幕起始点,形成闭区间
        mPath.lineTo(0,0);

        //在画布上绘制
        canvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);

    }

效果图:

为何是向上,下面会介绍:

在 android 里有个模式叫叠加PorterDuff.Mode这个类型的方法

想要具体了解可搜索 android canvas 叠加,这里就不做说明了,有需求朋友可以留言,会及时回复

叠加意味着两个图形的交集,我用的方式为一个圆像曲面叠加消除CLEAR 模式

先绘制一个圆:

        float radius = 150.0f;
//        Log.i(TAG, "onDraw: "+getWidth());
        mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        int layerId = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);//创建透明图层
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, radius, mPaint);

先讲下透明图层,因为在原画布上创建原没有叠加的效果,所以 canvas 的叠加不能使用,座椅最好创建一个图层(我创建的是一个整屏幕的透明图层)

完全代码:

 @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        float radius = 150.0f;
//        Log.i(TAG, "onDraw: "+getWidth());
        mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        int layerId = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);//创建透明图层
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, radius, mPaint);


        //画笔颜色
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        //改变模式为填充 fill
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        //设置图层叠加样式
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR));
        //初始化,不然会重复绘制
        mPath.reset();
        //移动到左边屏幕中间
        mPath.moveTo(0.0f , getHeight()/2);
        //贝斯阿尔曲线
        mPath.quadTo(-7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, -getWidth()/2+offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, -getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(-1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, offset, getHeight()/2);

        mPath.quadTo(1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth()/2 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 - 100, 3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, getHeight()/2);
        mPath.quadTo(7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, getHeight()/2 + 100, getWidth() + offset, getHeight()/2);
        //贝塞尔曲线中点为屏幕右端竖直方向的中点,所以选取屏幕上方作为一条线的中点
        mPath.lineTo(getWidth(),0);
        //在移动到屏幕起始点,形成闭区间
        mPath.lineTo(0,0);

        //在画布上绘制
        canvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);
        //取消样式
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        //在 onDraw 之前保存画笔等的状态,便于下次直接使用画笔等工具
        canvas.restoreToCount(layerId);

        //绘制边界
        mPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, radius, mPaint);

    }
效果图:


完成了静态的输出

现在就需要添加动态的一些东西:基准线(曲线慢慢上升)、曲线的密集度等,这里做简单的演示,所以就简单的做了下方法

完整代码:

package com.riti.testview;

import android.animation.ValueAnimator;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Path;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.os.Build;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.annotation.RequiresApi;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator;

/**
 * Created by YZBbanban on 2018/2/28.
 */

public class WareView extends View {
    private Paint mPaint;
    private Path mPath;
    private float offset;//偏移量
    private float baseLine;//基线


    public WareView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }

    public WareView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init();
    }

    public WareView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setDither(true);
        mPath = new Path();

    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        baseLine = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) / 2 + 150;
        Log.i(TAG, "onMeasure---->: " + baseLine);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
        xController();
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        float radius = 150.0f;
//        Log.i(TAG, "onDraw: "+getWidth());
        mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        int layerId = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);//创建透明图层
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, radius, mPaint);

        mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR));
        mPath.reset();
        mPath.moveTo(-getWidth() + offset, baseLine);

        //曲线密集度,8个周期 可自行添加或用属性设置,这里不做演示,有要求可留言
        int wareStep = 8;
        for (int i = 0; i < wareStep; i++) {
            float base = baseLine;
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                base = base + 30f;
            } else {
                base = base - 30f;
            }
            mPath.quadTo(
                    (2 * i - wareStep + 1) * getWidth() / wareStep + offset,
                    base,
                    2 * (i - 3) * getWidth() / wareStep + offset,
                    baseLine);
        }

//        mPath.quadTo(-7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine - 30, -3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(-5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine + 30, -getWidth()/2+offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(-3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine - 30, -getWidth() / 4 + offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(-1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine + 30, offset, baseLine);
//
//        mPath.quadTo(1 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine - 30, getWidth() / 4 + offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(3 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine + 30, getWidth()/2 + offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(5 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine - 30, 3*getWidth() / 4 + offset, baseLine);
//        mPath.quadTo(7 * getWidth() / 8 + offset, baseLine + 30, getWidth() + offset, baseLine);

        mPath.lineTo(getWidth(), 0.0f);
        mPath.lineTo(-getWidth() + offset, 0.0f);
        mPath.close();


        canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);

        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        canvas.restoreToCount(layerId);

        mPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2, radius, mPaint);
    }

    private void xController() {
        ValueAnimator mAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0, getWidth());
        mAnimator.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
        mAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator valueAnimator) {
                float animatorValue = (float) valueAnimator.getAnimatedValue();
                offset = animatorValue;//不断的设置偏移量,并重画
                postInvalidate();

            }
        });
        mAnimator.setDuration(1000);
        mAnimator.setRepeatCount(ValueAnimator.INFINITE);
        mAnimator.start();
    }

    private static final String TAG = "WareView";

    public void setProcess(int process) {
        Log.i(TAG, "setProcess: " + process);
        //[-150,150]
        float step = process * 3f;

        float pro = getHeight() / 2 + (150f - step);
        Log.i(TAG, "setProcess getWidth: " + getWidth());
        Log.i(TAG, "pro: " + pro);

        this.baseLine = pro;
    }
}

项目地址:https://github.com/yzbbanban/TestView


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转载自blog.csdn.net/u013377003/article/details/79400605