使用 RPM 包搭建本地镜像源
1. 下载所有源中的 RPM 包
yum -y install httpd yum-utils createrepo
创建 RPM 包的下载目录
mkdir /var/www/html/centos
启动 httpd 服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antulp | grep :80
tcp LISTEN 0 511 *:80 *:* users:(("httpd",pid=10418,fd=4),("httpd",pid=10417,fd=4),("httpd",pid=10416,fd=4),("httpd",pid=10414,fd=4))
查看当前 yum 源
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
repo id repo name
appstream CentOS Stream 9 - AppStream
baseos CentOS Stream 9 - BaseOS
extras-common CentOS Stream 9 - Extras packages
可以看到当前一共有三个源仓库，分别为 appstream、baseos、extras-common。下面分别将这些仓库中的 RPM 包下载下来。
将当前源中所有的软件包下载到创建好的目录
[root@localhost ~]# reposync --repo appstream -p /var/www/html/centos/
之后用同样的命令，将所有的软件源的 RPM 包都下载好。
[注]：下载数量很多需内心等待。
[root@localhost ~]# reposync --repo baseos -p /var/www/html/centos/
[root@localhost ~]# reposync --repo extras-common -p /var/www/html/centos/
2. 为 yum 源生成 repodata 索引依赖
查看下载好的所有源的 RPM 包。
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/www/html/centos/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 22 Nov 23 16:02 appstream
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 22 Nov 24 09:21 baseos
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 22 Nov 24 09:49 extras-common
进入下载的目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/centos/
分别为所有仓库生成 repodata 索引。
生成 appstream 仓库的 repodata 索引依赖。
[root@localhost centos]# createrepo appstream/
Directory walk started
Directory walk done - 13373 packages
Temporary output repo path: appstream/.repodata/
Preparing sqlite DBs
Pool started (with 5 workers)
Pool finished
生成 baseos 仓库的 repodata 索引依赖。
[root@localhost centos]# createrepo baseos/
Directory walk started
Directory walk done - 3848 packages
Temporary output repo path: baseos/.repodata/
Preparing sqlite DBs
Pool started (with 5 workers)
Pool finished
生成 extras-common 仓库的 repodata 索引依赖。
[root@localhost centos]# createrepo extras-common/
Directory walk started
Directory walk done - 38 packages
Temporary output repo path: extras-common/.repodata/
Preparing sqlite DBs
Pool started (with 5 workers)
Pool finished
成功后即可在仓库目录中看到生成好的 repodata:
[root@localhost centos]# ls appstream/
Packages repodata
[root@localhost centos]# ls baseos/
Packages repodata
[root@localhost centos]# ls extras-common/
Packages repodata
[root@localhost centos]# ll appstream/repodata/
total 41540
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12051562 Nov 24 09:59 19be5e75d0fe8a9d2f1a32b2994cf8e1c2437860f66cb1f64519ac3dfe68ca19-filelists.sqlite.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7073863 Nov 24 09:59 32dc077706f3317759e93ab06c6c8c59a4fb48d62f5277ba746436f02446c902-primary.sqlite.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4038253 Nov 24 09:59 3a15770cdd1ff2a49c78568050569ca8b55c93d1b46917c89694d5e575fc80cb-other.sqlite.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3245284 Nov 24 09:59 b339d402b66a76c904679c448fa600cbbec0b316bbe1ee7405610000555c598a-other.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2758017 Nov 24 09:59 c2f8de3be4e63df01b0d4feda3976eb3a976c90b6315b4e71161f0529f62d720-primary.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13349045 Nov 24 09:59 d97fb51cba16b5a2029174c1b83bed4f3c08758bef1a3435d1925739dc623c76-filelists.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3117 Nov 24 09:59 repomd.xml
3. 备份 yum 配置文件，并配置新 yum 源
进入 yum 源配置文件目录，并备份之前的配置文件：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
centos-addons.repo centos.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bk
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv centos* bk
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls bk
centos-addons.repo centos.repo
创建新的配置文件并添加源：
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim im.repo
添加如下内容：
[appstream]
name=appstream # 根据自己的仓库名命名
baseurl=http://10.1.1.99/centos/appstream
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[baseos]
name=baseos
baseurl=http://10.1.1.99/centos/baseos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[extras-common]
name=extras-common
baseurl=http://10.1.1.99/centos/extras-common
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
4. 验证
清理当前 yum
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
15 files removed
建立 yum 缓存
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
appstream 196 MB/s | 15 MB 00:00
baseos 246 MB/s | 5.9 MB 00:00
extras-common 3.8 MB/s | 8.7 kB 00:00
Metadata cache created.
查看当前 yum 仓库
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
repo id repo name
appstream appstream
baseos baseos
extras-common extras-common
更新 yum
[root@localhost ~]# yum update
使用本地源下载软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y tree
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:44 ago on Thu 24 Nov 2022 10:47:10 AM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================
Installing:
tree x86_64 1.8.0-10.el9 baseos 56 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 56 k
Installed size: 113 k
Downloading Packages:
tree-1.8.0-10.el9.x86_64.rpm 24 MB/s | 56 kB 00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.4 MB/s | 56 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : tree-1.8.0-10.el9.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: tree-1.8.0-10.el9.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : tree-1.8.0-10.el9.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
tree-1.8.0-10.el9.x86_64
Complete!
下载成功！