获取当天的天气数据

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"""
1. 获取上海市闵行区今天的天气
"""
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime

# 1. 获取url 和 header
url = 'https://tianqi.2345.com/today-60008.htm'
header = {
    
    'user-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/113.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.get(url=url,headers=header) # 成功，则 resonse = 200
response.encoding = 'uft-8'
bs = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')#这里我们用html.parser解析器
a = bs.find_all('a', href="/today-60008.htm", title="今天天气")#查找对应元素
print(a)
weather_today=a[0].text.split()
print(weather_today)

out:

[<a class="seven-day-item" href="/today-60008.htm" target="" title="今天天气">
<span class="how-day">今天</span>
<em>05/16</em>
<i>多云转小雨</i>
<span class="seven-icon wea-night-11"></span>
<span class="tem-show">20~29°</span>
<span class="wind-name">东南风4级</span>
<span class="wea-qulity">优</span>
<span class="white-shadow"></span> </a>]
['今天', '05/16', '多云转小雨', '20~29°', '东南风4级', '优']

获取未来7天的数据

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# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
"""
@Author  ：Xoey
@Time   : 2023/5/16
"""
# 导库
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime
import pandas as pd

url = "https://tianqi.2345.com/today-59289.htm"
header = {
    
    
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; MS-RTC LM 8'
}
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=header)#增加headers参数，简单伪装UA
response.encoding = "utf-8"
bs = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')#这里我们用html.parser解析器
weekday = ["周一天气","周二天气","周三天气","周四天气","周五天气","周六天气","周日天气"]
href = ["/today-59289.htm", "/tomorrow-59289.htm",
        "/third-59289.htm", "/fourth-59289.htm", "/fifth-59289.htm", "/sixth-59289.htm", "/seventh-59289.htm"]
weekday[int(datetime.datetime.now().weekday())]='今天天气'
weekday[int(datetime.datetime.now().weekday())+1]='明天天气' # 与网页上的星期参数对应上
print(weekday)

w=[]
day=[] # 周几
data=[] # 日期
wea=[] # 天气情况
tem=[] #温度
wind = [] # 风
quality=[] # 空气质量
n = int(datetime.datetime.now().weekday()) # 今天是星期几
for i in range(int(len(href))):
    w= bs.find_all('a', href=href[i], title=weekday[int((n+i)%7)])#查找对应元素，ps:3数值不定
    #print(w)
    w = w[0].text.split()
    day.append(w[0])
    data.append(w[1])
    wea.append(w[2])
    tem.append(w[3])
    wind.append(w[4])
    quality.append(w[5])

datas=pd.DataFrame({
    
    '日期':data,'星期':day,'温度':tem,'天气':wea,'风向':wind,'空气质量':quality})
datas.to_csv('7天天气数据.csv',encoding='utf-8')
print(datas)

out:

['周一天气', '今天天气', '明天天气', '周四天气', '周五天气', '周六天气', '周日天气']
      日期  星期      温度      天气     风向 空气质量
0  05/16  今天  24~29°    雾转多云  东南风3级    优
1  05/17  明天  25~30°  雷阵雨转阵雨   南风3级    良
2  05/18  周四  26~31°  雷阵雨转阵雨  西南风2级    良
3  05/19  周五  25~31°    阵雨转阴  西南风2级    良
4  05/20  周六  25~31°      多云   南风3级    良
5  05/21  周日  26~32°      多云   南风3级    优
6  05/22  周一  25~32°      多云   南风3级    优

输入城市，输出该城市今日的天气数据

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime

timecity = input("请设置地点,省份+市+地区，如广东,东莞\n")
timecity = timecity.split(',')

#向主网发送请求
url = "https://tianqi.2345.com/china.htm"
header = {
    
    
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; MS-RTC LM 8'
}
def Re():
    global bs
    response = requests.get(url=url, headers=header)
    response.encoding = "utf-8"
    bs = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')

Re()
weathercity1 = bs.find_all('a', title=timecity[0]+"天气")

url = "https://tianqi.2345.com/"+weathercity1[0].get("href") # 通过get("href")获取子网页的地址，跳转到下一页
Re()

weathercity2 = bs.find_all('a', title=timecity[1]+"天气")

weathercity2 = weathercity2[0].get("href").split("/")
del(weathercity2[:2])



url = "https://tianqi.2345.com/today-"+weathercity2[0] # 这是7天的数据url，通过观察页面url的规律，总结url的形式。
header = {
    
    
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; MS-RTC LM 8'
}
Re()

weekday = ["周一天气", "周二天气", "周三天气", "周四天气", "周五天气", "周六天气", "周日天气"]
weekday[int(datetime.datetime.now().weekday())] = "今天天气"
try:
    weekday[int(datetime.datetime.now().weekday())+1] = "明天天气"
except IndexError:
    weekday[0] = "明天天气"
href = ["/today-"+weathercity2[0], "/tomorrow-"+weathercity2[0],
        "/third-"+weathercity2[0], "/fourth-"+weathercity2[0], "/fifth-"+weathercity2[0], "/sixth-"+weathercity2[0], "/seventh-"+weathercity2[0]]
a = input("哪一天的天气，如：今天天气\n")
b = weekday.index(a)
c = weekday.index("今天天气")#y以此天为标准
Weather = bs.find_all('a', href=href[b-c], title=a)
Weather = ' '.join(Weather[0].text.split())
print(Weather)

out:

请设置地点,省份+市+地区，如广东,东莞
江苏,南京
哪一天的天气，如：今天天气
今天天气
今天 05/16 多云转雷阵雨 22~31° 南风2级 良

关键：通过get(“href”)获得下一个目标页的url。

参考：

爬虫实例八：爬取天气预报数据，并实现数据可视化
 python：爬虫爬取中国天气网
 使用python爬取天气信息（包括历史天气数据）

爬虫-天气数据

获取当天的天气数据

获取未来7天的数据

输入城市，输出该城市今日的天气数据

参考：

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