Mac M1芯片安装PyTorch、GPU加速环境

安装PyTorch前先看一下(最好也安装一下)安装Tensorflow这篇文章

1. 安装Xcode

通过App store安装或者使用命令$ xcode-select --install安装

2. 新建一个conda环境

$ conda create -n torch-gpuprivate python=3.9
$ conda activate torch-gpuprivate

3. 用pip命令安装torch

Pytorch官网指导页面

pip3 install --pre torch torchvision torchaudio --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/nightly/cpu

4. 重装Numpy

通过上述方式安装的PyTorch可能自带的Numpy太低，所以重新安装Numpy：

pip uninstall numpy # 这样会移除刚刚安装的Pytorch以及一些其他的第三方库
pip install numpy

或者

conda uninstall numpy # 这样会移除刚刚安装的Pytorch以及一些其他的第三方库
conda install numpy

使用“conda list”可以查看此conda环境内的包和各个包的版本。使用“conda deactivate”可退出当前conda环境。

5. Jupyter Lab虚拟环境的配置

这一步是要将此conda环境“torch-gpuprivate”，添加进Jupyter Lab的Kernel

conda activate torch-gpuprivate //注意替换成自己的虚拟环境名

conda install ipykernel //安装ipykernel

sudo python -m ipykernel install --name torch-gpuprivate //在ipykernel中安装当前环境

conda deactivate

此时打开Jupyter Lab切换Kernel，已出现刚刚安装的“torch-gpuprivate”conda环境。

6. 环境测试代码

6.1 测试代码1

import torch
import math
# this ensures that the current MacOS version is at least 12.3+
print(torch.backends.mps.is_available())
# this ensures that the current current PyTorch installation was built with MPS activated.
print(torch.backends.mps.is_built())

6.2 测试代码2

dtype = torch.float
device = torch.device("mps")

# Create random input and output data
x = torch.linspace(-math.pi, math.pi, 2000, device=device, dtype=dtype)
y = torch.sin(x)

# Randomly initialize weights
a = torch.randn((), device=device, dtype=dtype)
b = torch.randn((), device=device, dtype=dtype)
c = torch.randn((), device=device, dtype=dtype)
d = torch.randn((), device=device, dtype=dtype)

learning_rate = 1e-6
for t in range(2000):
    # Forward pass: compute predicted y
    y_pred = a + b * x + c * x ** 2 + d * x ** 3

    # Compute and print loss
    loss = (y_pred - y).pow(2).sum().item()
    if t % 100 == 99:
        print(t, loss)

# Backprop to compute gradients of a, b, c, d with respect to loss
    grad_y_pred = 2.0 * (y_pred - y)
    grad_a = grad_y_pred.sum()
    grad_b = (grad_y_pred * x).sum()
    grad_c = (grad_y_pred * x ** 2).sum()
    grad_d = (grad_y_pred * x ** 3).sum()

    # Update weights using gradient descent
    a -= learning_rate * grad_a
    b -= learning_rate * grad_b
    c -= learning_rate * grad_c
    d -= learning_rate * grad_d


print(f'Result: y = {
      
      a.item()} + {
      
      b.item()} x + {
      
      c.item()} x^2 + {
      
      d.item()} x^3')

6.3 在Mac M1中指定使用GPU加速

To run PyTorch code on the GPU, use torch.device(“mps”) analogous to torch.device(“cuda”) on an Nvidia GPU. Hence, in this example, we move all computations to the GPU:

要在 Mac M1的GPU 上运行 PyTorch 代码，使用命令 torch.device("mps")来指定。这类似于 Nvidia GPU 上的torch.device("cuda")命令。具体使用方法见下图代码：