简介
Docker Compose是一个管理Docker集群的工具。
它通过YAML文件定义了
· Docker容器间的依赖
· 设置容器的环境变量
· 数据持久化策略（如《Docker学习（一） 镜像与容器》4、在容器内安装RoR环境（具体做法省略）里提到的）
安装
$ sudo apt-get install python-pip
$ sudo pip install docker-compose
试用
写配置文件，来个最简单的例子，文件名：docker-compose-test.yml
version: '2'
services:
thinking:
image: ubuntu
运行
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose-test.yml up
Creating network "desktop_default" with the default driver
Creating desktop_thinking_1 ... done
Attaching to desktop_thinking_1
desktop_thinking_1 exited with code 0
$ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 29e8c2278ffd ubuntu "/bin/bash" 19 seconds ago Exited (0) 18 seconds ago desktop_thinking_1
怪事年年有，改脚本为：
version: '2'
services:
thinking:
image: ubuntu
tty: true
删掉前面启动的废物
$ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 29e8c2278ffd ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago desktop_thinking_1 $ docker rm 29e8c2278ffd 29e8c2278ffd $ docker network list NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 421718219c6c bridge bridge local 407c898f052e desktop_default bridge local 37b352ae0dbf host host local 9625fcfe68fd none null local $ docker network rm 407c898f052e 407c898f052e
重试
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose-test.yml up
Creating network "desktop_default" with the default driver
Creating desktop_thinking_1 ... done
Attaching to desktop_thinking_1
thinking_1 | root@6683fecc8ba5:/#
换种方式
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose-test.yml up -d
Creating network "desktop_default" with the default driver
Creating desktop_thinking_1 ... done
$ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f6eb5ff5d3af ubuntu "/bin/bash" 51 seconds ago Up 49 seconds desktop_thinking_1
$ docker network list NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 421718219c6c bridge bridge local 85d6103b3e6a desktop_default bridge local 37b352ae0dbf host host local 9625fcfe68fd none null local
搞一个难度稍微复杂一点的，文件名docker-compose.yml
version: '2'
networks:
thinking:
services:
test_1.thinking.com:
image: ubuntu
ports:
- "3333:3333"
container_name: test_1.thinking.com
command: /bin/bash
tty: true
networks:
- thinking
test_2.thinking.com:
image: ubuntu
ports:
- "4444:4444"
container_name: test_2.thinking.com
command: /bin/bash
tty: true
networks:
- thinking
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d Creating network "desktop_thinking" with the default driver Creating test_1.thinking.com ... done Creating test_2.thinking.com ... done
$ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES cb8dad81260a ubuntu "/bin/bash" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:3333->3333/tcp test_1.thinking.com 251d6be64c37 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 37 seconds ago Up 36 seconds 0.0.0.0:4444->4444/tcp test_2.thinking.com f6eb5ff5d3af ubuntu "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes desktop_thinking_1
$ docker network list NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 421718219c6c bridge bridge local 85d6103b3e6a desktop_default bridge local f0be99571567 desktop_thinking bridge local 37b352ae0dbf host host local 9625fcfe68fd none null local
分别进入test_1.thinking.com和test_2.thinking.com
$ docker exec -it test_1.thinking.com /bin/bashroot@3380956f8851:/#
查询IP地址
root@3380956f8851:/# ifconfig
bash: ifconfig: command not found
安装ifconfig（和ping）
# apt-get update
# apt install net-tools
# apt install iputils-ping
# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.18.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:12:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 6489 bytes 26041395 (26.0 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 6350 bytes 515235 (515.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 8 bytes 802 (802.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 8 bytes 802 (802.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
对test_2.thinking.com查询
# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.18.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:12:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 6107 bytes 26015443 (26.0 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 5870 bytes 510179 (510.1 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 8 bytes 802 (802.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 8 bytes 802 (802.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
这说明test_1.thinking.com和test_2.thinking.com位于同一个虚拟局域网。尝试test_2.thinking.com ping test_1.thinking.com
# ping 172.18.0.2
PING 172.18.0.2 (172.18.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.110 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
可通！
ping test_1.thinking.com
PING test_1.thinking.com (172.18.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from test_1.thinking.com.desktop_thinking (172.18.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
64 bytes from test_1.thinking.com.desktop_thinking (172.18.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from test_1.thinking.com.desktop_thinking (172.18.0.2): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
64 bytes from test_1.thinking.com.desktop_thinking (172.18.0.2): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from test_1.thinking.com.desktop_thinking (172.18.0.2): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
亦可！！！