前言
最近写了一个日志系统，需要通过访问的 IP 地址来获取真实的地址，并且存到数据库中，我也是在网上看了一些文章，遂即整理了一下供大家参考。
功能实现
这个是获取正确 IP 地址的方法，可以直接使用的。
public static final String UNKNOWN = "unknown";
public static final String X_FORWARDED_FOR = "x-forwarded-for";
public static final String PROXY_CLIENT_IP = "Proxy-Client-IP";
public static final String WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP = "WL-Proxy-Client-IP";
public static final String HTTP_CLIENT_IP = "HTTP_CLIENT_IP";
public static final String HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR";
public static final String X_REAL_IP = "X-Real-IP";
public static final String LOCAL_IP_V4 = "127.0.0.1";
public static final String LOCAL_IP_V6 = "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1";
public static final String CDN_SRC_IP = "cdn-src-ip";
/**
* 获取 IP 地址
*/
public static String getIpAddress(ServerHttpRequest request) {
HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
String ip = headers.getFirst(X_FORWARDED_FOR);
if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
// 多次反向代理后会有多个ip值，第一个ip才是真实ip
if (ip.contains(",")) {
ip = ip.split(",")[0];
}
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(PROXY_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(HTTP_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(X_REAL_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = Objects.requireNonNull(request.getRemoteAddress()).getAddress().getHostAddress();
if (ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V4) || ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V6)) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
ip = inet.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 获取请求IP.
* @return String ip
*/
public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = null;
Enumeration<?> enu = request.getHeaderNames();
while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String) enu.nextElement();
if (CDN_SRC_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| X_FORWARDED_FOR.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| PROXY_CLIENT_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| X_REAL_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
ip = request.getHeader(name);
}
if (org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isNotBlank(ip)){
break;
}
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(ip)){
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
if (ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V4) || ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V6)) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
ip = inet.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return ip;
}
通过以上方法你可以获取到访问者的 IP 地址，只有获取到了 IP 地址，才能够拿到真实的地址
通过 IP 获取真实地址的方法有很多种，这里我只说两个：
- 方式一：离线 IP 地址定位查询
- 方式二：在线 IP 地址定位查询
方式一 我们需要在本地保存一个 IP 地址定位的文档，方式二就是通过 http 请求的方式访问一些可以查询 IP 地址所属地理位置的网址。
方式一就是查询比较快，但是有些地址可能查询不到，方式二就是基本上都能查到，但是要建立请求，会有点慢，所以将二者结合起来就行了。
导入依赖：
<!-- 离线IP地址定位库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.lionsoul</groupId>
<artifactId>ip2region</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ali地域 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.maxmind.geoip2</groupId>
<artifactId>geoip2</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
添加离线 IP 地址库：
在 src/main/resources下新建 ip2region 复制文件 ip2region.db 到目录下
------------------ ip2region.db 资源下载 -----------------
链接：百度网盘
提取码：v7se
---------------------------------------------------------
添加工具类：
RegionUtil.java
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Objects;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DataBlock;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DbConfig;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DbSearcher;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.Util;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
/**
* 根据ip离线查询地址
*
* @author ruoyi
*/
public class RegionUtil {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RegionUtil.class);
private static final String JAVA_TEMP_DIR = "java.io.tmpdir";
static DbConfig config = null;
static DbSearcher searcher = null;
// 初始化IP库
static {
try {
// 因为jar无法读取文件,复制创建临时文件
String dbPath = Objects.requireNonNull(RegionUtil.class.getResource("/ip2region/ip2region.db")).getPath();
File file = new File(dbPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
String tmpDir = System.getProperties().getProperty(JAVA_TEMP_DIR);
dbPath = tmpDir + "ip2region.db";
file = new File(dbPath);
ClassPathResource cpr = new ClassPathResource("ip2region" + File.separator + "ip2region.db");
InputStream resourceAsStream = cpr.getInputStream();
FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(resourceAsStream, file);
}
config = new DbConfig();
searcher = new DbSearcher(config, dbPath);
log.info("bean [{}]", config);
log.info("bean [{}]", searcher);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("init ip region error:{}", e.toString());
}
}
/**
* 解析IP
*
* @param ip
* @return
*/
public static String getRegion(String ip) {
try {
// db
if (searcher == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(ip)) {
log.error("DbSearcher is null");
return StringUtils.EMPTY;
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 查询算法
Method method = searcher.getClass().getMethod("memorySearch", String.class);
DataBlock dataBlock = null;
if (!Util.isIpAddress(ip)) {
log.warn("warning: Invalid ip address");
}
dataBlock = (DataBlock) method.invoke(searcher, ip);
String result = dataBlock.getRegion();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.debug("region use time[{}] result[{}]", endTime - startTime, result);
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("error:{}", e.toString());
}
return StringUtils.EMPTY;
}
}
PureNetUtils.java
package com.mike.common.core.utils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 网络访问工具类
*/
public class PureNetUtils {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PureNetUtils.class);
/**
* get方法直接调用post方法
*
* @param url 网络地址
* @return 返回网络数据
*/
public static String get(String url) {
return post(url, null);
}
/**
* 设定post方法获取网络资源,如果参数为null,实际上设定为get方法
*
* @param url 网络地址
* @param param 请求参数键值对
* @return 返回读取数据
*/
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
HttpURLConnection conn = null;
try {
URL u = new URL(url);
conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
StringBuilder sb = null;
if (param != null) {
// 如果请求参数不为空
sb = new StringBuilder();
/*
* A URL connection can be used for input and/or output. Set the
* DoOutput flag to true if you intend to use the URL connection
* for output, false if not. The default is false.
*/
// 默认为false,post方法需要写入参数,设定true
conn.setDoOutput(true);
// 设定post方法,默认get
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
// 获得输出流
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
// 对输出流封装成高级输出流
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
// 将参数封装成键值对的形式
for (Map.Entry<String, String> s : param.entrySet()) {
sb.append(s.getKey()).append("=").append(s.getValue()).append("&");
}
// 将参数通过输出流写入
writer.write(sb.deleteCharAt(sb.toString().length() - 1).toString());
writer.close();// 一定要关闭,不然可能出现参数不全的错误
sb = null;
}
conn.connect();// 建立连接
sb = new StringBuilder();
// 获取连接状态码
int recode = conn.getResponseCode();
BufferedReader reader = null;
if (recode == 200) {
// Returns an input stream that reads from this open connection
// 从连接中获取输入流
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
// 对输入流进行封装
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String str = null;
sb = new StringBuilder();
// 从输入流中读取数据
while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(str).append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
}
// 关闭输入流
reader.close();
if (sb.toString().length() == 0) {
return null;
}
return sb.toString().substring(0,
sb.toString().length() - System.getProperty("line.separator").length());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (conn != null)// 关闭连接
conn.disconnect();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 获取 ip 所属地址
*
* @param ip IP 地址
* @return 所属地址
*/
public static String getAlibaba(String ip) {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("ip", ip);
map.put("accessKey", "alibaba-inc");
String result = PureNetUtils.post("http://ip.taobao.com/outGetIpInfo", map);
log.info("{} => POST: http://ip.taobao.com/outGetIpInfo || result: {}", ip, result);
String address = null;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(result)) {
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
// 请求成功，解析响应数据
if ("query success".equals(jsonObject.get("msg"))) {
JSONObject dataMap = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonObject.getString("data"));
String country = dataMap.getString("country");
String region = dataMap.getString("region");
String city = dataMap.getString("city");
address = country + region + city;
}
}
return address;
}
}
AddressUtils .java
import com.mike.common.core.utils.PureNetUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* 获取地址类
*
* @author ruoyi
*/
public class AddressUtils {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AddressUtils.class);
// 未知地址
public static final String UNKNOWN = "未知地址";
public static String getRealAddress(String ip) {
// 内网不查询
if (internalIp(ip)) {
return "内网IP";
}
try {
String rspStr = RegionUtil.getRegion(ip);
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(rspStr)) {
String[] obj = rspStr.split("\\|");
String region = obj[2];
String city = obj[3];
return String.format("%s%s", region, city);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("获取地理位置异常 {}", e.toString());
}
// ali地域查询
return PureNetUtils.getAlibaba(ip);
}
/* 判断是否是内网IP */
public static boolean internalIp(String ipAddress) {
boolean isInnerIp = false;
long ipNum = getIpNum(ipAddress);
/*
* 私有IP：A类 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255 B类 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 C类
* 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 当然，还有127这个网段是环回地址
*/
long aBegin = getIpNum("10.0.0.0");
long aEnd = getIpNum("10.255.255.255");
long bBegin = getIpNum("172.16.0.0");
long bEnd = getIpNum("172.31.255.255");
long cBegin = getIpNum("192.168.0.0");
long cEnd = getIpNum("192.168.255.255");
isInnerIp = isInner(ipNum, aBegin, aEnd)
|| isInner(ipNum, bBegin, bEnd) || isInner(ipNum, cBegin, cEnd)
|| ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1");
return isInnerIp;
}
/* 获取IP数 */
private static long getIpNum(String ipAddress) {
String[] ip = ipAddress.split("\\.");
long a = Integer.parseInt(ip[0]);
long b = Integer.parseInt(ip[1]);
long c = Integer.parseInt(ip[2]);
long d = Integer.parseInt(ip[3]);
return a * 256 * 256 * 256 + b * 256 * 256 + c * 256 + d;
}
private static boolean isInner(long userIp, long begin, long end) {
return (userIp >= begin) && (userIp <= end);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String realAddress = getRealAddress("117.136.79.113");
System.out.println("realAddress = " + realAddress);
}
}
String region = dataMap.getString("region");
String city = dataMap.getString("city");
address = country + region + city;
}
}
return address;
}
/* 获取IP数 */
private static long getIpNum(String ipAddress) {
String[] ip = ipAddress.split("\\.");
long a = Integer.parseInt(ip[0]);
long b = Integer.parseInt(ip[1]);
long c = Integer.parseInt(ip[2]);
long d = Integer.parseInt(ip[3]);
return a * 256 * 256 * 256 + b * 256 * 256 + c * 256 + d;
}
private static boolean isInner(long userIp, long begin, long end) {
return (userIp >= begin) && (userIp <= end);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String realAddress = getRealAddress("117.136.79.113");
System.out.println("realAddress = " + realAddress);
}
}
测试
运行 AddressUtils.java 的 main 方法测试
参考博客：
Java如何通过IP获得真实地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39486119/article/details/107857455
集成ip2region实现离线IP地址定位：http://doc.ruoyi.vip/ruoyi/