MYSQL 5.7搭建备库

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mysql 复制特性应用（类似停机方式搭建master-slave）
分别在两台服务器上采用rpm方式安装了两套mysql
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在master节点修改my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
添加：
server_id = 10086
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin

在slave节点修改my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
添加：（slave节点可选择不配置binlog）
server_id = 10087

修改过my.cnf后，需重启mysql服务。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
master上创建复制用户
grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'32.114.67.%' identified by '!QAZ2wsx';
----
change master to
master_host='32.114.67.178',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='!QAZ2wsx',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=447;

mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='32.114.67.178',
    -> master_port=3306,
    -> master_user='repl',
    -> master_password='!QAZ2wsx',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
    -> master_log_pos=447;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
mysql> 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
启动slave端应用服务
start slave;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
---------------------
环境测试，
在master点创建表，并插入数据，
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table test (id int,name varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into test values(1,'killvoon');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在slave节点查看是否存在该表及数据
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test           |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
+------+----------+
| id   | name     |
+------+----------+
|    1 | killvoon |
+------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
发现，在slave点确实存在该表了。说明slave环境搭建成功。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
如果发现slave节点没有同步到数据，使用命令show slave status\G 查看
关注Slave_IO_State 信息
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 32.114.67.178
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1056
               Relay_Log_File: oemcs3-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 929
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1056
              Relay_Log_Space: 1137
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 10086
                  Master_UUID: 7b288cbd-df02-11e7-b967-0050569a4396
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
将slave节点的应用停掉，然后在master点做操作，再将slave节点应用打开，看看是否可以"续传"：
slave节点:
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
master节点:
mysql> insert into t values(2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into t values(3);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| id   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
slave节点：由于slave应用没启动，所以没有数据同步
mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| id   |
+------+
|    1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
开启slave应用：数据立马过来
start slave;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| id   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
小结：我的搭建方式是最为简单且理想化的，没有考虑master点不可停机的情况。
即便如此，相对于oracle dataguard，依然是相当简化。
至于其他同步问题，还需在使用过程中慢慢品味。
当然，下一步需要学习如何实时在线做slave。