linux安装mysql5.7

1.这里我将mysql安装在/usr/local/mysql目录里面，也可以安装在其他地方

     [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql

2.下载mysql压缩包

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

    [root@localhost mysql]# ls

    [root@localhost mysql]# wget http://dev.MySQL.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-Linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

3.解压并复制

    [root@localhost mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.11-Linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

   [root@localhost mysql]# mv /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

4.创建data目录

    [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

5.创建mysql用户和修改权限

    [root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local
    [root@localhost local]# groupadd mysql
    [root@localhost local]# useradd mysql -g mysql
    [root@localhost local]# cd mysql

    [root@localhost mysql]# pwd

    /usr/local/mysql

    [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql .

    [root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .

6.初始化mysql并启动mysql服务

    [root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

     [root@localhost bin]# yum install libaio

    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
     * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
     * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
    Package libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version

    Nothing to do

  [root@localhost bin]#  ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

[root@localhost bin]#  cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

[root@localhost mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y

[root@localhost mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

7.mysql的服务脚本放到系统服务中

1. 修改my.cnf文件  
2. # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.  
3. basedir = /usr/local/mysql  
4. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
5. port = 3306  
6. # server_id = .....  
7. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock  
8. character-set-server = utf8  
9. # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.  
10. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.  
11. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.  
12. # join_buffer_size = 128M  
13. # sort_buffer_size = 2M  
14. # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M   

    [root@localhost mysql]# cd  /etc/

    [root@localhost etc]# service mysqld start

    [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root mysql

    bash: mysql: command not found...

   解决方法：参考链接

    http://blog.51cto.com/868946/1764152

   linux下，在mysql正常运行的情况下，输入mysql提示：

    mysql command not found

    遇上-bash: mysql: command not found的情况别着急，这个是因为/usr/local/bin目录下缺失mysql导致，只需要一下方法建立软    链接，即可以解决：

    把mysql安装目录，比如MYSQLPATH/bin/mysql，映射到/usr/local/bin目录下,

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/bin

    [root@localhost bin]# ln -fs /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
    [root@localhost bin]# mysql -u -p
    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user '-p'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
    [root@localhost bin]#  mysql -u root mysql
    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

解决方法：参考链接

https://blog.csdn.net/u010603691/article/details/50379282

8.修改mysql密码

    mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';

        Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
        Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1
    mysql> flush privileges;
        Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    mysql> exit;

    [root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restart
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: