Centos 7.4Linux系统lamp环境安装

安装Apache前的依赖包的安装

编译安装apr(apr-1.5.2.tar.gz)

下载地址：https://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz   
[root@server1 src]# cd apr-1.6.3
[root@server1 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@server1 apr-1.6.3]# make && make install

编译安装apr-util(apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz)

下载地址： https://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@server1 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr    #编译安装apr-util必须指定apr的安装位置
[root@server1 apr-util-1.5.4]# make && make install

报错：fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory

解决方式：yum install expat-devel

后重新编译，不再报错

编译安装pcre (pcre-8.38.tar.gz) ## 此处你也可以进行本地RPM包的安装

下载地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.38/pcre-8.38.tar.gz/download

问题：用wget下载后文件名为download

解决方法：使用mv重命名文件为 pcre-8.38.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd pcre-8.38
[root@server1 pcre-8.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre

报错：error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support

解决方法：yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

[root@server1 src]# make && make install

编译安装Apache

下载地址：http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd httpd-2.4.29
[root@server1 httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd \--enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite \--with-zlib --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre \--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \--enable-mods-shared=most --enable-mpms-shared=all \--with-mpm=event

错误：error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures

解决方法：其实是没有安装OpenSSL-devel

yum install openssl-devel

[root@server1 httpd-2.4.29]# make && make install

选项解释：
--prefix=/usr/local/apache    # 指定安装目录
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd    # 指定配置文件安装路径
--enable-so   #允许运行时加载DSO模块 
--enable-ssl  # 启动ssl加密功能
--enable-cgi # 启用cgi协议
--enable-rewrite  #启用URL重写功能 
--with-zlib --with-pcre   # 指定pcre的安装路径  --with-apr=/usr/local/apr   #指定apr的安装路径--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util   # 指定apr-util的安装路径--enable-modules=most   # 启用大多数共享模块
--enable-mpms-shared=most  #启用MPM大多数参数
--with-mpm=event  #指定使用的MPM的类型

启动Apache服务并验证

[root@server1 bin]# ./apachectl start   # 找到我们编译安装时指定的安装路径下bin目录下
[root@server1 bin]# curl http://localhost   # 验证apache是否可以正常访问

修改apache的配置文件并设置PidFile路径(默认在/usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid)

[root@server1 bin]# ./apachectl stop    # 先停止apache服务
[root@server1 bin]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf   # 添加以下内容
        PidFile  "/var/run/httpd.pid"
[root@server1 bin]# ./apachectl start

编写服务脚本/etc/init.d/httpd,让其可以使用service起停，并可以加到服务列表中

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd   #添加以下内容

#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \
#         HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
    . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0

start() {
     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
     LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
     RETVAL=$?
     echo
     [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
     return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
 echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
 if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
     RETVAL=$?
     echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
     failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
 else
     killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
     RETVAL=$?
 fi
 echo
}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
     status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
    stop
    start
fi
;;
reload)
     reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

<1> 给脚本添加执行权限

[root@server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@server1 ~]# service httpd start

[root@server1 ~]# service httpd status

<2> 将httpd服务加到服务列表中，并设置在235级别开机启动

[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig httpd --level 235 on
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig --list httpd

httpd        0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:off   5:on    6:off

将/usr/local/apache/bin加入到PATH路径中去，让其中的命令可以进行全局执行

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/apache.sh    # 脚本的名字必须要以.sh命名

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin

编译安装MySQL前预准备

编译安装cmake工具(cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz)

下载地址：https://cmake.org/files/v3.5/cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd cmake-3.5.2
[root@server1 cmake-3.5.2]# ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
[root@server1 cmake-3.5.2]# gmake & gmake install   #默认安装到/usr/local/bin/cmake
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/cmake.sh  # 将/usr/local/bin加到PATH中

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin

通过yum安装mysql编译需要的依赖包

[root@server1 src]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ perl

下载mysql5.6安装包，mysql5.6安装包下载地址   

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36.tar.gz

添加mysql用户组和用户，以及mysql的安装目录

[root@server1 src]# groupadd mysql
[root@server1 src]# useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@server1 src]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
[root@server1 src]# id mysql

uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)

给mysql的安装目录授权

[root@server1 src]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@server1 src]# ll /usr/local

添加mysql环境变量

[root@server1 mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

安装依赖

yum -y install ncurses-devel

开始安装

解压缩之后进入，mysql5.6起都是通过cmake的方式进行配置的，可以直接采用默认的方式cmake .就能直接进入配置，也可以自己指定配置，下面自己执行配置，修改一些常规的mysql配置井号#后面是注释

[root@server1 mysql-5.6.36]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1

参数介绍：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \   #指定安装目录> 
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \#指定mysql.sock地址> 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \#指定默认的字符集>
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \#指定默认的排序字符集> 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \#安装innodb存储引擎> 
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \安装myisam存储引擎> 
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \安装archive存储引擎> 
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \安装blackhole存储引擎> 
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \#mysql数据文件存放目录> 
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \#端口> 
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1

问题：command not found

原因：设置系统环境变量未成功

解决方法：需要在终端执行 命令：

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin

再执行cmake软件编译就没有错误提示了

make && make install

安装数据文件

mysql安装完成之后需要安装文件，在mysql的安装目录下的scripts文件夹里可以看到mysql_install_db，用来安装mysql数据文件，指定mysql用户

[root@server1 mysql]# ls /usr/local/mysql/scripts/

mysql_install_db

[root@server1 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@server1 mysql]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

问题：-bash: ./mysql_install_db: Permission denied

解决方法：命令：chmod +x mysql_install_db

问题：FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./mysql_install_db:

解决方法：安装autoconf库

命令：

yum -y install autoconf   //此包安装时会安装Data:Dumper模块

加入服务列表并设置为开机自启

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@server1 support-files]# cp mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@server1 support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld   # 添加一个执行权限
[root@server1 support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@server1 support-files]# chkconfig mysqld --level 2345 on
[root@server1 support-files]# chkconfig --list mysqld

mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

修改mysql的配置文件，以下内容为自选

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4

skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log = 300
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 30
log_error = /usr/local/mysql/data/log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/log/mysql-slow.log
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-external-locking
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

[mysqldump]
quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

初始化MySQL自身的数据库

##“-–initialize”会生成一个随机密码(~/.mysql_secret)，而”–initialize-insecure”不会生成密码 ##user表示指定用户 ##basedir表示mysql的安装路径，# datadir表示数据库文件存放路径

问题：-bash: mysqld: command not found

解决方法：

命令：

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@server1 ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

注意：需要创建log目录及两个log

[root@server1 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data/log
[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/data/log/mysql-slow.log
[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/data/log/mysql-error.log

启动MySQL数据库

[root@server1 ~]# mysqld_safe –user=mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ ## datadir指定数据目录 
[root@server1 ~]# service mysqld start

查看MySQL服务的进程和端口

[root@server1 ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqld

[root@server1 ~]# netstat -anp | grep 3306

登录mysql 设置密码

注：刚安装完成的Mysql是没有密码的，输入密码时直接敲回车即可

输入update mysql.user set password=password('111111') where user='root';

刷新权限：

flush privileges;

完成mysql安装。

编译安装PHP前预准备

如果想让编译的php支持mcrypt扩展，还需要下载的php扩展包(mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz、libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz、mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz)

下载地址：
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz 
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

安装顺序( libmcrypt –> mhash –> mcrypt )

编译安装libmcrypt(libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz)

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[root@server1 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[root@server1 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make && make install 
[root@server1 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libmcrypt.conf  # 此选项为将libmcrypt的库文件能让系统找到，不然后面编译安装mcrypt会报错

/usr/local/libmcrypt/lib

[root@server1 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ldconfig -v # 重新加载库文件

编译安装mhash(mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz)

[root@server1 src]# tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
[root@server1 mhash-0.9.9.9]# ./configure
[root@server1 mhash-0.9.9.9]# make && make install
[root@server1 mhash-0.9.9.9]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mhash.conf  # 做添加mhash的库文件让系统找到，不然后面编译安装mcrypt会报错

/usr/local/mhash/lib

[root@server1 mhash-0.9.9.9]# ldconfig -v # 重新加载库文件

编译安装mcrypy(mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz)

[root@server1 src]# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
[root@server1 src]# cd mcrypt-2.6.8
[root@server1 mcrypt-2.6.8]# ./configure --with-libmcrypt-prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt/
[root@server1 mcrypt-2.6.8]# make && make install

问题：configure: error: "You need at least libmhash 0.8.15 to compile this program

解决方法：打开/etc/ld.so.conf，在文件之后，添加一行：

/usr/local/lib

然后，执行 ldconfig -v ，重新编译即可。

编译安装PHP

下载地址： http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.0.2.tar.gz

[root@server1 src]# tar -zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz
[root@server1 php-7.0.2]#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2  --enable-maintainer-zts

问题：error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation

解决方法：

检查是否安装了libxm包

rpm -qa |grep  libxml2

重新安装libxml2和libxml2-devel包

yum install libxml2
yum install libxml2-devel -y

问题：Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
解决：yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel
问题：mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt
解决：yum install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel

[root@server1 php-7.0.2]#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2  --enable-maintainer-zts

[root@server1 php-7.0.2]# make && make install

参数解释：
--prefix=/usr/local/php  # 指定php安装的路径
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd # 指定mysql的安装目录 
--with-openssl #支持ssl功能
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd # 可以让mysql与php结合的接口
--enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir  # 指定可以支持中文非一个字节能表示语言  # 加载freetype的头文件，可以支持不同字体
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir # 支持jpep格式图片 #支持pnp格式图片
--with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr # 支持压缩库  # 指定xml的库路径
--enable-xml  --enable-sockets  #支持扩展标记语言  # 支持套接字的通信功能
--with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc  # 支持额外的加密功能的库  # 指定php配置文件的路径(/etc/php.ini)
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d  # 支持php文件的附件配置文件(/etc/php.d/*.ini)
--with-bz2  --enable-maintainer-zts #支持bz2的压缩库  # 此选项是否安装取决于你的Apache工作的mpm模式

说明：
这里为了支持apache的worker或event这两个MPM，编译时使用了–enable-maintainer-zts选项。【prefork不需要加载】【event或work 
mpm工作模式必须要加此选项】 验证Apache mpm工作模式命令：httpd -M 
2、如果使用PHP5.3以上版本，为了链接MySQL数据库，可以指定mysqlnd，这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包了。mysqlnd从php5.3开始可用，可以编译时绑定到它（而不用和具体的MySQL客户端库绑定形成依赖），但从PHP 5.4开始它就是默认设置了。 ./configure –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd 
–with-mysqli=mysqlnd

为php提供配置文件：

[root@server1 php-5.5.36]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

编辑apache配置文件httpd.conf，以apache支持php

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

<1> 添加如下二行

AddType application/x-httpd-php  .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source  .phps

<2> 定位至DirectoryIndex index.html

   修改为：

DirectoryIndex  index.php  index.html

重启apache服务

[root@server1 ~]# service httpd restart

Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

[root@server1 ~]# netstat -an | grep :80   # apache已启动，并监听80端口

tcp        0      0 :::80       :::*         LISTEN

编辑Apache的网页测试是否支持php

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@server1 htdocs]# vim index.php
    <?php
    phpinfo();
    ?>

问题：外网无法80端口

解决：关闭默认防火墙 使用iptables

systemctl stop firewald.service

禁止开机自启：

systemctl disable firewalld

安装iptables

yum install iptables-services iptables-devel

启用并启动iptables

systemctl enable iptables.service && systemctl start iptables.service

查看iptables配置文件 并开放80、3306端口

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

在里面添加两行：

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

重启防火墙

systemctl  restart  iptables

设置iptables防火墙为开机启动项

systemctl enable iptables

关闭SELINUX

vi /etc/selinux/config

#注释以下配置 
SELINUX=enforcing 
SELINUXTYPE=targeted 
　 
#增加以下配置 
SELINUX=disabled 
　 
#使配置立即生效 
setenforce 0

编辑Apache的网页测试php是否可以连接MySQL、

[root@server1 htdocs]# vim index.php

<?php
  $conn=mysqli_connect('127.0.0.1','root','111111');   
  if ($conn)
        echo "Success...";
  else
        echo "Failure...";
?>

完成！！！