使用NPOI读取Excel到DataTable

一、NPOI介绍：

使用 NPOI 你就可以在没有安装 Office 或者相应环境的机器上对 WORD/EXCEL 文档进行读写。NPOI是构建在POI 3.x版本之上的，它可以在没有安装Office的情况下对Word/Excel文档进行读写操作

二、安装NPOI

新建控制台应用程序>管理NuGet程序包>搜索NPOI>安装NPOI

三.下面是我需要的读取的Excel文件，数据格式如下：

四.添加ExcelHelper类：

using System;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Data;

namespace NPOI.ReadExcel
{
public class ExcelHelper : IDisposable
{
private string fileName = null; //文件名
private IWorkbook workbook = null;
private FileStream fs = null;
private bool disposed;

public ExcelHelper(string fileName)
{
this.fileName = fileName;
disposed = false;
}

/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable数据导入到excel中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">要导入的数据</param>
/// <param name="isColumnWritten">DataTable的列名是否要导入</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">要导入的excel的sheet的名称</param>
/// <returns>导入数据行数(包含列名那一行)</returns>
public int DataTableToExcel(DataTable data, string sheetName, bool isColumnWritten)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
ISheet sheet = null;

fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
if (fileName.IndexOf( ".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
else if (fileName.IndexOf( ".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

try
{
if (workbook != null)
{
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
}
else
{
return -1;
}

if (isColumnWritten == true) //写入DataTable的列名
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow( 0);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Columns[j].ColumnName);
}
count = 1;
}
else
{
count = 0;
}

for (i = 0; i < data.Rows.Count; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(count);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
++count;
}
workbook.Write(fs); //写入到excel
return count;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine( "Exception: " + ex.Message);
return -1;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 将excel中的数据导入到DataTable中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">excel工作薄sheet的名称</param>
/// <param name="isFirstRowColumn">第一行是否是DataTable的列名</param>
/// <returns>返回的DataTable</returns>
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, bool isFirstRowColumn)
{
ISheet sheet = null;
DataTable data = new DataTable();
int startRow = 0;
try
{
fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
if (fileName.IndexOf( ".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
else if (fileName.IndexOf( ".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

if (sheetName != null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
if (sheet == null) //如果没有找到指定的sheetName对应的sheet，则尝试获取第一个sheet
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt( 0);
}
}
else
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt( 0);
}
if (sheet != null)
{
IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow( 0);
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum; //一行最后一个cell的编号 即总的列数

if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for ( int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (cellValue != null)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}

//最后一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for ( int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null) continue; //没有数据的行默认是null

DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for ( int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null) //同理，没有数据的单元格都默认是null
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}

return data;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine( "Exception: " + ex.Message);
return null;
}
}

public void Dispose()
{
Dispose( true);
GC.SuppressFinalize( this);
}

protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (! this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (fs != null)
fs.Close();
}

fs = null;
disposed = true;
}
}
}
}

五，读取文件到DataTable:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace NPOI.ReadExcel
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ExcelHelper excel_helper = new ExcelHelper(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "test.xlsx");
DataTable dt = excel_helper.ExcelToDataTable( "", true);

List< string> tableList=GetColumnsByDataTable(dt);
for ( int i = 0; i < tableList.Count; i++)
{
foreach (DataRow item in dt.Rows)
{
try
{
if (item[ 0].ToString() != "")
{
if (i < tableList.Count - 1 & item[i + 1].ToString()!= "")
{
Console.WriteLine(item[ 0].ToString()+ "\t"+item[i+ 1].ToString());
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ }
}
Console.WriteLine( "");
}

Console.ReadKey();
}

/// <summary>
/// 根据datatable获得列名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt">表对象</param>
/// <returns>返回结果的数据列数组</returns>
public static List<string> GetColumnsByDataTable(DataTable dt)
{
List< string> strColumns = new List< string> ();

if (dt.Columns.Count > 0)
{
int columnNum = 0;
columnNum = dt.Columns.Count;;
for ( int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
strColumns.Add(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
}
}
return strColumns;
}
}
}