MySQL中mmm实现高可用群集

数据库 2018-07-21 15:29:10 阅读次数: 0

  • 介绍

    MMM（Master-Master replication manager for MySQL）是一套支持双主故障切换和双主日常管理的脚本程序。MMM使用Perl语言开发，主要用来监控和管理MySQL Master-Master（双主）复制，可以说是mysql主主复制管理器。虽然叫做双主复制，但是业务上同一时刻只允许对一个主进行写入，另一台备选主上提供部分读服务，以加速在主主切换时刻备选主的预热，可以说MMM这套脚本程序一方面实现了故障切换的功能，另一方面其内部附加的工具脚本也可以实现多个slave的负载均衡。

  • 优点

    高可用性，扩展性好，出现故障自动切换，对于主主同步，在同一时间只提供一台数据库写操作，保证的数据的一致性。

    • 缺点

    Monitor节点是单点，可以结合Keepalived实现高可用。

  • 实验要求

    两台主服务器master

    master1:192.168.177.128

    master2:192.168.177.135

    两台从服务器slave

    slave1:192.168.177.132

    slave2:192.168.177.133

    监控服务器monitor

    monitor:192.168.177.134

配置ALI云源，然后安装epel-release源（四台主从）

# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# yum -y install epel-release

# yum clean all && yum makecache

搭建本地YUM源（四台主从）

# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb

# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
# setenforce 0

# systemctl start mariadb.service

修改m1主配置文件

# vim /etc/my.cnf //
删掉原来的[mysqld]9行,添加如下内容：
[mysqld]    
log_error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.err
log=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_log.log
log_slow_queries=/var/lib/mysql_slow_queris.log
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,information_schema
character_set_server=utf8
log_bin=mysql_bin
server_id=1
log_slave_updates=true
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
==注意==server_id要不同
# systemctl restart mariadb.service
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配置主主复制-两台主服务器相互复制

# mysql>
# show master status; //记录日志文件名称和位置值，在两台主上查看
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在m1上为m2授予从的权限，在m2上也要为m1授予从的权限
# grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.177.%' identified by '123456'; //m1上
# grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.177.%' identified by '123456';//m2上
#change master to master_host='192.168.177.135',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;//m1上
# change master to master_host='192.168.177.128',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;//m2上
# start slave;
# show slave status\G;
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在两台从上做-注意日志文件和位置参数的改变（都指向m1)

# change master to master_host='192.168.177.128',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;
# start slave; //开启同步
# show slave status\G;

安装MMM（四台主从）

# yum -y install mysql-mmm*
安装结束后，对mmm进行配置
# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
#vim mmm_common.conf //所有主机上都要配置,直接复制多份
<host default>
    cluster_interface       ens33
    ……
    replication_user        replication
    replication_password    123456
    agent_user              mmm_agent
    agent_password          123456
 <host db1>
    ip      192.168.177.128
    mode    master
    peer    db2
</host>

<host db2>
    ip      192.168.177.135
    mode    master
    peer    db1
</host>

<host db3>
    ip      192.168.177.132
    mode    slave
</host>

<host db4>
    ip      192.168.177.133
    mode    slave
</host>

<role writer>
    hosts   db1, db2
    ips     192.168.177.200    #主服务器虚拟IP
    mode    exclusive
</role>

<role reader>
    hosts   db3, db4
    ips     192.168.177.20,192.168.177.30   #从服务器虚拟IP
    mode    balanced
</role>
在主1上面复制：
# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
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在monitor服务器上配置

# systemctl stop firewalld.service
# setenforce 0
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
# yum -y install epel-release
# yum clean all && yum makecache
# yum -y install mysql-mmm*
# cd /etc/mysql-mmm
# vim mmm_mon.conf
<host default>
    ping_ips            192.168.177.132,192.168.177.128,192.168.177.133,192.168.177.135 //四台地址
    monitor_user        mmm_monitor
    monitor_password    123456
    auto_set_online     10
</host>
在m1上：# scp mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
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在所有数据库上为mmm_agent授权-四台主从

# mysql>
# grant super, replication client, process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.177.%' identified by '123456';

在所有数据库上为mmm_moniter授权-四台主从

# grant replication client on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.177.%' identified by '123456';
# flush privileges;

修改所有数据库的mmm_agent.conf-四台主从

# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db1 //根据规划进行逐一调整
this db2
this db3
this db4

在所有数据库服务器上启动mysql-mmm-agent-四台主从

# systemctl start mysql-mmm-agent.service
# systemctl enable mysql-mmm-agent.service   #开机自启动

在monitor服务器上配置

# systemctl start mysql-mmm-monitor.service 
# mmm_control show
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# mmm_control checks all
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# mmm_control move_role writer db2    //指定db2绑定虚拟IP
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故障测试

停止m1 确认 虚拟地址 200 是否移动到 m2 上。注意：主不会抢占
# systemctl stop mariadb.service //m1上
# mmm_control show
   db1(192.168.177.128) master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles:
  db2(192.168.177.135) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.177.200)
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