【学习Maven】（一）

1.解压部署Maven核心程序

 ①检查JAVA_HOME环境变量
      C:\Windows\System32>echo %JAVA_HOME%
      D:\DevInstall\jdk1.7.0_07
 ②解压Maven的核心程序
      将apache-maven-3.2.2-bin.zip解压到一个非中文无空格的目录下。例如：D:\DevInstall\apache-maven-3.2.2
 ③配置环境变量
      M2_HOME D:\DevInstall\apache-maven-3.2.2
      path     D:\DevInstall\apache-maven-3.2.2\bin
 ④查看Maven版本信息验证安装是否正确
      C:\Windows\System32>mvn -v
      Apache Maven 3.2.2 (45f7c06d68e745d05611f7fd14efb6594181933e; 2014-06-17T21:51:42+08:00)
      Maven home: D:\DevInstall\apache-maven-3.2.2\bin\..
      Java version: 1.7.0_07, vendor: Oracle Corporation
      Java home: D:\DevInstall\jdk1.7.0_07\jre
      Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK
      OS name: "windows 7", version: "6.1", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

2.修改本地仓库

 ①默认本地仓库位置：~\.m2\repository
      ~表示当前用户的家目录，例如：C:\Users\[你当前登录系统的用户名]
 ②指定本地仓库位置的配置信息文件：apache-maven-3.2.2\conf\settings.xml
 ③在根标签settings下添加如下内容：<localRepository>[本地仓库路径，也就是RepMaven.zip的解压目录]</localRepository>

3.第一个Maven工程

 ①目录结构
      Hello
      |---src
      |---|---main
      |---|---|---java
      |---|---|---resources
      |---|---test
      |---|---|---java
      |---|---|---resources
      |---pom.xml

    ②POM文件内容
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"; xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"; xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">;
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

     <groupId>com.atguigu.maven</groupId>
     <artifactId>Hello</artifactId>
     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

     <name>Hello</name>

     <dependencies>
          <dependency>
               <groupId>junit</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
               <version>4.0</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
     </dependencies>
</project>
     ③编写主程序代码
          在src/main/java/com/atguigu/maven目录下新建文件Hello.java，内容如下
          package com.atguigu.maven;
          public class Hello {
               public String sayHello(String name){
                    return "Hello "+name+"!";
               }
          }
     ④编写测试代码
          在/src/test/java/com/atguigu/maven目录下新建测试文件HelloTest.java
          package com.atguigu.maven;    
          import org.junit.Test;
          import static junit.framework.Assert.*;
          public class HelloTest {
               @Test
               public void testHello(){
                    Hello hello = new Hello();
                    String results = hello.sayHello("litingwei");
                    assertEquals("Hello litingwei!",results);    
               }
          }
     ⑤运行几个基本的Maven命令
          mvn compile     编译
          mvn clean     清理
          mvn test     测试
          mvn package     打包
          ※注意：运行Maven命令时一定要进入pom.xml文件所在的目录！

4.第二个Maven工程

 ①工程名：HelloFriend
 ②目录结构与第一个Maven工程相同
 ③POM文件

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"; xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"; xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">;
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.atguigu.maven</groupId>
     <artifactId>HelloFriend</artifactId>
     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
     <name>HelloFriend</name>

     <dependencies>
          <dependency>
               <groupId>junit</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
               <version>4.0</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>         

          <dependency>
               <groupId>com.atguigu.maven</groupId>
               <artifactId>Hello</artifactId>
               <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
               <scope>compile</scope>
          </dependency>

     </dependencies>
</project>
     ④主程序：在src/main/java/com/atguigu/maven目录下新建文件HelloFriend.java
          package com.atguigu.maven;    
          import com.atguigu.maven.Hello;
          public class HelloFriend {
               public String sayHelloToFriend(String name){
                    Hello hello = new Hello();
                    String str = hello.sayHello(name)+" I am "+this.getMyName();
                    System.out.println(str);
                    return str;
               }
               public String getMyName(){
                    return "John";
               }
          }
     ⑤测试程序：在/src/test/java/com/atguigu/maven目录下新建测试文件HelloFriendTest.java
          package com.atguigu.maven;    
          import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
          import org.junit.Test;
          import com.atguigu.maven.Hello;

          public class HelloFriendTest {
               @Test
               public void testHelloFriend(){
                    HelloFriend helloFriend = new HelloFriend();
                    String results = helloFriend.sayHelloToFriend("litingwei");
                    assertEquals("Hello litingwei! I am John",results);    
               }
          }
     ⑥运行Maven命令
          mvn install     安装

5.第三个Maven工程

 ①设置通过Maven创建的工程的JDK版本——一劳永逸
      [1]打开settings.xml文件
      [2]找到profiles标签
      [3]加入如下配置
           <profile>
                <id>jdk-1.7</id>
                <activation>
                     <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
                     <jdk>1.7</jdk>
                </activation>
                <properties>
                     <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
                     <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
                     <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.7</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
                </properties>
           </profile>
 ②工程坐标
      groupId：com.atguigu.maven
      ArtifactId：MakeFriends
      Package：com.atguigu.maven
 ③在src/main/java中新建类com.atguigu.maven.MakeFriends
      public String makeFriends(String name){
           HelloFriend friend = new HelloFriend();
           friend.sayHelloToFriend("litingwei");
           String str = "Hey,"+friend.getMyName()+" make a friend please.";
           System.out.println(str);
           return str;
      }
 ④在src/test/java中新建类com.atguigu.maven.MakeFriendsTest
      package com.atguigu.maven;
      import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
      import org.junit.Test;
      public class MakeFriendsTest {
           @Test
           public void testMakeFriends(){         
                MakeFriends makeFriend = new MakeFriends();
                String str = makeFriend.makeFriends("litingwei");
                assertEquals("Hey,John make a friend please.",str);
           }
      }
 ⑤添加依赖信息
      <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>4.9</version>
           <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.atguigu.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>HelloFriend</artifactId>
          <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
          <type>jar</type>
          <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
 ⑥在Eclipse环境下执行Maven命令：右击pom.xml选择run as 中的命令执行即可