1、环境描述
服务器A(主) 192.85.1.175
服务器B(从) 192.85.1.176
MySQL版本：5.1.61
系统版本：System OS：ubuntu 10.10 X86
（系统安装及数据环境搭建，省略）
2. 创建同步用户：
在服务B命令行执行 ：
- grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'mysqlsync';
- flush privileges;
- grant FILE,SELECT, replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.85.1.175' identified by 'mysqlsync';
- flush privileges;
在服务器A命令行执行：
- grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'mysqlsync';
- flush privileges;
- grant FILE,SELECT, replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.85.1.176' identified by 'mysqlsync';
- flush privileges;
在A与B服务器上检查主备复制账号是否正常：
（1）分别在A与B服务器上的mysql命令行执行 “ show grants for 'replication'@'%';”
如果输出结果类似于如下，表示正常，其他均为异常
- mysql> show grants for 'replication'@'%';
- +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
- | Grants for replication@% |
- +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
- | GRANT SELECT, FILE, REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*47E2485DF0DBED84B9BD90AF25F48A36E7EAD57E' |
- +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
（2）使用主备复制账号在A服务器远程登录B ，在B服务器远程登录A ，测试 ，如果可以正常登录说明，账号正常，可以使用。
如果出现如下错误信息：
- ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.175' (111)
- sxzichen@ubutun:/var/log/mysql$ ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.175' (111) ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.175' (111)
- 或
- ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.176' (111)
- sxzichen@ubutun:/var/log/mysql$ ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.176' (111) ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.85.1.176' (111)
导致原因是，MYSQL数据库不允许远程访问，需要分别修改A与B服务器 中数据库配置文件my.cnf ，注释掉 “ bind-address = 127.0.0.1 ” 即为 “#bind-address = 127.0.0.1”
分别重新启动MYSQL服务器 ，测试正常
3.配置数据主切换 之服务器A ，修改其对应的数据配置文件----my.cnf ,在 [MYSQLD}添加如下行
- #mysql replication
- server-id = 1
- log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
- master-host = 192.85.1.176
- master-user = replication
- master-password = mysqlsync
- master-port = 3306
- master-connect-retry = 60
- binlog-do-db = hrkip_zhhwd
- binlog-ignore-db = mysql
- binlog-ignore-db = information_schema
- binlog-ignore-db = phpmyadmin
- replicate-do-db = hrkip_zhhwd
- replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema
配置信息简单介绍：
server-id = 1 #主机标示，整数
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log #确保此文件可写
binlog-do-db =hrkip_zhhwd #需要备份数据，多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db =mysql #不需要备份的数据库，多个写多行
master-user = replication #远程登录数据库用户名称
master-password = mysqlsync #远程登录数据库用户密码
master-port = 3306 #远程数据库服务器端口号，可以使用 show variables like 'port'; 命令查看，必要与目标数据库服务器端口号一致
4.配置数据主切换 之服务器B ，修改其对应的数据配置文件----my.cnf ,在 [MYSQLD}添加如下行
- #mysql replication
- server-id = 2
- log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
- master-host = 192.85.1.175
- master-user = replication
- master-password = mysqlsync
- master-port = 3306
- master-connect-retry = 60
- binlog-do-db = hrkip_zhhwd
- binlog-ignore-db = mysql
- binlog-ignore-db = information_schema
- binlog-ignore-db = phpmyadmin
- replicate-do-db = hrkip_zhhwd
- replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema
5.检查配置是否正常（l两台服务器上分别检查）：
启动 slave 服务 ，在MYSQL命令行执行
- mysql> slave start ;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
查看slave 状态 ，执行命令：
- mysql> show slave status \G ;
- *************************** 1. row ***************************
- Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
- Master_Host: 192.85.1.175
- Master_User: replication
- Master_Port: 3306
- Connect_Retry: 60
- Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
- Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
- Relay_Log_File: ubutun-relay-bin.000005
- Relay_Log_Pos: 251
- Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
- Slave_IO_Running: Yes
- Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
- Replicate_Do_DB: hrkip_zhhwd
- Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema
- Replicate_Do_Table:
- Replicate_Ignore_Table:
- Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
- Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
- Last_Errno: 0
- Last_Error:
- Skip_Counter: 0
- Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
- Relay_Log_Space: 552
- Until_Condition: None
- Until_Log_File:
- Until_Log_Pos: 0
- Master_SSL_Allowed: No
- Master_SSL_CA_File:
- Master_SSL_CA_Path:
- Master_SSL_Cert:
- Master_SSL_Cipher:
- Master_SSL_Key:
- Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
- Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
- Last_IO_Errno: 0
- Last_IO_Error:
- Last_SQL_Errno: 0
- Last_SQL_Error:
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- ERROR:
- No query specified
如果需要重新启动slave 服务器，首先 执行 slave stop ,再执行 reset slave , 删除 MYSQL 数据库对应的my.cnf 文件中log_bin目录（ /var/log/mysql/ ）下的" mysql-bin."开头的所有文件，之后重新启动MYSQL服务,之后再执行slave start 命令 。
6.进行测试，主备是否正常工作，slave 启动时，两个服务器上都启动，启动后不要随意关闭再重启，例如在服务器A上启动后。
在服务器A数据中插入
- INSERT INTO ddgl_qdlx ( qdlxmc, lxjc, qdlxbz) VALUES
- ('175a', '75a', '175a');
在服务器B中可以看到对应的记录 。
同样在服务器B中插入 ：
- INSERT INTO ddgl_qdlx (qdlx_id, qdlxmc, lxjc, qdlxbz) VALUES
- ( '176b', '76b', '176b') ;
在服务器A中可以看到对应的记录 。
测试OK 。