１．安装MongoDB社区版
# 1. 导入MongoDB public GPG Key sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 2930ADAE8CAF5059EE73BB4B58712A2291FA4AD5 # 2. 添加软件源 echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.6.list # 3. 更新本地软件包 sudo apt-get update # 4. 安装MongoDB sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org 根据教程，本地Ubuntu 16.04系统安装的是mongodb3.6，安装的时候提示如下，会安装下面相关几个软件包： Get:1 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6/multiverse amd64 mongodb-org-shell amd64 3.6.0 [8,477 kB] Get:2 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6/multiverse amd64 mongodb-org-server amd64 3.6.0 [14.9 MB] Get:3 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6/multiverse amd64 mongodb-org-mongos amd64 3.6.0 [8,468 kB] Get:4 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6/multiverse amd64 mongodb-org-tools amd64 3.6.0 [34.9 MB] Get:5 https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6/multiverse amd64 mongodb-org amd64 3.6.0 [3,524 B]
２．MongoDB的运行
查看mongod的配置文件，可以看到它默认的数据存储路径、log文件路径、IP接口等并根据需要修改：
$ sudo vim /etc/mongod.conf # mongod.conf # for documentation of all options, see: # http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/ # Where and how to store data. storage: dbPath: /var/lib/mongodb journal: enabled: true # engine: # mmapv1: # wiredTiger: # where to write logging data. systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log # network interfaces net: port: 27017 bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # how the process runs processManagement: timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo #security: #operationProfiling: #replication: #sharding: ## Enterprise-Only Options: #auditLog: #snmp:
# 1. 启动MongoDB sudo service mongod start # 2. 验证MongoDB是否启动成功（在/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log文件中看到下面这一行就表示启动成功） [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017 # 3. 停止MongoDB进程 sudo service mongod stop # 4. 重启MongoDB sudo service mongod restart # 5. 查看MongoDB运行状态 sudo service mongod status
３．MongoDB的使用
# 查看版本 $ mongod --version db version v3.6.0 git version: a57d8e71e6998a2d0afde7edc11bd23e5661c915 OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2g 1 Mar 2016 allocator: tcmalloc modules: none build environment: distmod: ubuntu1604 distarch: x86_64 target_arch: x86_64
# 查看帮助信息
$ mongod --help
Options: General options: -h [ --help ] show this usage information --version show version information -f [ --config ] arg configuration file specifying additional options -v [ --verbose ] [=arg(=v)] be more verbose (include multiple times for more verbosity e.g. -vvvvv) --quiet quieter output --port arg specify port number - 27017 by default --bind_ip arg comma separated list of ip addresses to listen on - localhost by default --bind_ip_all bind to all ip addresses --ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default) --listenBacklog arg (=128) set socket listen backlog size --maxConns arg max number of simultaneous connections - 1000000 by default --logpath arg log file to send write to instead of stdout - has to be a file, not directory --syslog log to system's syslog facility instead of file or stdout --syslogFacility arg syslog facility used for mongodb syslog message --logappend append to logpath instead of over-writing --logRotate arg set the log rotation behavior (rename|reopen) --timeStampFormat arg Desired format for timestamps in log messages. One of ctime, iso8601-utc or iso8601-local --pidfilepath arg full path to pidfile (if not set, no pidfile is created) --timeZoneInfo arg full path to time zone info directory, e.g. /usr/share/zoneinfo --keyFile arg private key for cluster authentication --noauth run without security --setParameter arg Set a configurable parameter --transitionToAuth For rolling access control upgrade. Attempt to authenticate over outgoing connections and proceed regardless of success. Accept incoming connections with or without authentication. --clusterAuthMode arg Authentication mode used for cluster authentication. Alternatives are (keyFile|sendKeyFile|sendX509|x509) --nounixsocket disable listening on unix sockets --unixSocketPrefix arg alternative directory for UNIX domain sockets (defaults to /tmp) --filePermissions arg permissions to set on UNIX domain socket file - 0700 by default --fork fork server process --networkMessageCompressors [=arg(=disabled)] (=snappy) Comma-separated list of compressors to use for network messages --auth run with security --clusterIpSourceWhitelist arg Network CIDR specification of permitted origin for `__system` access. --slowms arg (=100) value of slow for profile and console log --slowOpSampleRate arg (=1) fraction of slow ops to include in the profile and console log --profile arg 0=off 1=slow, 2=all --cpu periodically show cpu and iowait utilization --sysinfo print some diagnostic system information --noIndexBuildRetry don't retry any index builds that were interrupted by shutdown --noscripting disable scripting engine --notablescan do not allow table scans --shutdown kill a running server (for init scripts) Replication options: --oplogSize arg size to use (in MB) for replication op log. default is 5% of disk space (i.e. large is good) Master/slave options (old; use replica sets instead): --master master mode --slave slave mode --source arg when slave: specify master as <server:port> --only arg when slave: specify a single database to replicate --slavedelay arg specify delay (in seconds) to be used when applying master ops to slave --autoresync automatically resync if slave data is stale Replica set options: --replSet arg arg is <setname>[/<optionalseedhostlist >] --replIndexPrefetch arg specify index prefetching behavior (if secondary) [none|_id_only|all] --enableMajorityReadConcern [=arg(=1)] (=1) enables majority readConcern Sharding options: --configsvr declare this is a config db of a cluster; default port 27019; default dir /data/configdb --shardsvr declare this is a shard db of a cluster; default port 27018 SSL options: --sslOnNormalPorts use ssl on configured ports --sslMode arg set the SSL operation mode (disabled|allowSSL|preferSSL|requireSSL ) --sslPEMKeyFile arg PEM file for ssl --sslPEMKeyPassword arg PEM file password --sslClusterFile arg Key file for internal SSL authentication --sslClusterPassword arg Internal authentication key file password --sslCAFile arg Certificate Authority file for SSL --sslCRLFile arg Certificate Revocation List file for SSL --sslDisabledProtocols arg Comma separated list of TLS protocols to disable [TLS1_0,TLS1_1,TLS1_2] --sslWeakCertificateValidation allow client to connect without presenting a certificate --sslAllowConnectionsWithoutCertificates allow client to connect without presenting a certificate --sslAllowInvalidHostnames Allow server certificates to provide non-matching hostnames --sslAllowInvalidCertificates allow connections to servers with invalid certificates --sslFIPSMode activate FIPS 140-2 mode at startup Storage options: --storageEngine arg what storage engine to use - defaults to wiredTiger if no data files present --dbpath arg directory for datafiles - defaults to /data/db --directoryperdb each database will be stored in a separate directory --noprealloc disable data file preallocation - will often hurt performance --nssize arg (=16) .ns file size (in MB) for new databases --quota limits each database to a certain number of files (8 default) --quotaFiles arg number of files allowed per db, implies --quota --smallfiles use a smaller default file size --syncdelay arg (=60) seconds between disk syncs (0=never, but not recommended) --upgrade upgrade db if needed --repair run repair on all dbs --repairpath arg root directory for repair files - defaults to dbpath --journal enable journaling --nojournal disable journaling (journaling is on by default for 64 bit) --journalOptions arg journal diagnostic options --journalCommitInterval arg how often to group/batch commit (ms) WiredTiger options: --wiredTigerCacheSizeGB arg maximum amount of memory to allocate for cache; defaults to 1/2 of physical RAM --wiredTigerJournalCompressor arg (=snappy) use a compressor for log records [none|snappy|zlib] --wiredTigerDirectoryForIndexes Put indexes and data in different directories --wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor arg (=snappy) block compression algorithm for collection data [none|snappy|zlib] --wiredTigerIndexPrefixCompression arg (=1) use prefix compression on row-store leaf pages
数据库操作：
$ mongo # 进入shell MongoDB shell version v3.6.0 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017 MongoDB server version: 3.6.0 Welcome to the MongoDB shell. For interactive help, type "help". For more comprehensive documentation, see http://docs.mongodb.org/ Questions? Try the support group http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user > show dbs; # 查看数据库列表 admin 0.000GB config 0.000GB local 0.000GB >
其它的数据增删改查等数据库操作有待更新补充。
参考：