python封装 继承 多态

2018.7.26-------面向对象--------------------
编程范式          1》面向对象
              2》面向过程
              3》函数式编程
 面向对象的几个特性：继承 封装 多态
 @Role.py
 class  Role:
    #类变量
    n=123
    name="我是类name"
    def __init__(self,name,role,weapon,life_value=100,money=15000):
        #构造函数
        #在实例化的时候传参 同时将r1传入 与一般函数传值不同 r1=self

        self.name=name   #实例变量（静态属性）  作用域实例本身
        self.role=role
        self.weapon=weapon
        self.life_value=life_value
        self.money=15000
    def shot(self):   #类的方法，功能（动态属性）
        print("shotting")
    def  got_shot(self):
        print("ah....,i got shot..")
    def buy_gun(self,gun_name):
        print("%s just  bought %s" %(self.name,gun_name))
r1=Role('alex','police','ak47')   #存在变量里  在内存里 同时将r1传入 与一般函数传值不同
r1.buy_gun("ak555")   #Role.buy_gun(r1)   r1=self
r2=Role('Jack','terrrorist','ak47')  #r2叫做Role的实例
r1.name="susong"  #修改属性
#添加新属性 =====self.bullet_prove  (r1特有 r2不可调用)
r1.bullet_prove= True
del r1.weapon
print(r1.name)  #先找实例变量 再找类变量
r1.n="修改类变量"
print(r1.n) # 只会修改自己的类变量  实际上在r1里添加一个n
print(r2.n)
Role.n="ABC"
print(r1.n,r2.n)   #只有r2会影响
-------------------------------------------
析构函数
#析构函数：在实例释放，销毁的时候，通常用于收尾工作 如关闭数据库打开的 临时链接
 def __del__(self):  #释放时自动执行
            print("%s 彻底死了。。。"%self.name)
--------------------------------------------------
私有属性  私有方法一样
 @ self.__life_value = life_value
  class Role:
    name = "我是class name"
    def __init__(self, name,role,weapon,life_value=1000,money=15000):
        self.name = name
        self.role = role
        self.weapon = weapon
        self.__life_value = life_value
        self.money = 15000

    # def __del__(self):  # 释放时自动执行
    #     print("%s 彻底死了。。。" % self.name)
    #     pass

    def show_status(self):
        print("name:%s weapon:%s life_val:%s" % (self.name,self.weapon,self.__life_value))
    def shot(self):
        print("shotting")
    def got_shot(self):
        self.__life_value-=50
        print("ah....,i got shot..")
    def buy_gun(self, gun_name):
        print("%s just  bought %s" % (self.name, gun_name))
r1 = Role('alex', 'police', 'ak47')  # 存在变量里  在内存里
r1.buy_gun("ak555")  # Role.buy_gun(r1)   r1=self
print(r1.show_status())

r1.got_shot()
r1.show_status()
--------------------重构父类的方法----------------------
class People(object):
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
    def eat(self):
        print("%s is eating..."%self.name)
    def sleep(self):
        print("%s is sleeping..." % self.name)

    def talk(self):
        print("%s is talking..." % self.name)
class Man(People):
    def __init__(self,name,age,money):
        # People.__init__(self,name,age)
         super(Man, self).__init__(name,age)
         self.money=money
         print("%s 一出生就有钱 %smoney "%(self.name,self.money))

    def piao(self):
        print("%s is piaoing....20s...over."%self.name)

    def sleep(self):
        People.sleep(self)  #重构父类方法
        print("%s  man is sleeping..." % self.name)
class Women(People):
    def get_birth(self):
        print("%s is boring baby  "%self.name)
m1=Man("anyang",22)
m1.eat()
m1.piao()
m1.sleep()

w1=Women("shabia",25)
w1.get_birth()
---------------------多继承----------------------
class People(object):
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
    def eat(self):
        print("%s is eating..."%self.name)
    def sleep(self):
        print("%s is sleeping..." % self.name)
    def talk(self):
        print("%s is talking..." % self.name)
class Relation(object):
    def make_friends(self,obj):
        print("%s is making frineds with %s" %(self.name,obj.name))
#继承people时name已经有了
class Man(People,Relation):               #子类 多继承
    def __init__(self,name,age,money):
        # People.__init__(self,name,age) 先执行我自己的name
         super(Man, self).__init__(name,age)
         self.money=money
         print("%s 一出生就有钱 %smoney "%(self.name,self.money))

    def piao(self):
        print("%s is piaoing....20s...over."%self.name)
    def sleep(self):
        People.sleep(self)  #重构父类方法
        print("%s  man is sleeping..." % self.name)
class Women(People,Relation):
    def get_birth(self):
        print("%s is boring baby  "%self.name)
m1=Man("anyang",22,10)
w1=Women("shabia",25)
m1.make_friends(w1)
---------------------------新式类多继承-----------
继承策略：广度优先（横向）py3
           深度优先         py2
           py2经典类是深度优先继承的，新式类广度优先继承
           py3都是按广度优先继承
-------------------------------------------------------
class School(object):
    def __init__(self,name,addr):
        self.name=name
        self.addr=addr
        self.students=[]    #格式化一个新列表
        self.staffs=[]

    def enroll(self,stu_obj):
        print("为学员%s办理注册手续"%stu_obj.name)
        self.students.append(stu_obj)
    def hire(self,staff_obj):
        print("雇佣新员工%s" % staff_obj)
        self.staffs.append(staff_obj)
class SchoolMember(object):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.sex=sex
    def tell(self):
        pass

class Teacher(SchoolMember):
    def __init__(self, name, age, sex,salary,course ):
        super(Teacher,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
        self.salary=salary
        self.course=course

    def tell(self):
        print("""
        -----info of  Teacher:%s-------------
        Name:%s
        Age:%s
        Sex:%s
        Salary:%s
        Course:%s
        """ % (self.name, self.name, self.age, self.sex, self.salary, self.course))

    def teach(self):
            print("%s is teache [%s]" % (self.name, self.course))


class Student(SchoolMember):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,stu_id,grade):
        super(Student,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
        self.stu_id=stu_id
        self.grade=grade
    def tell(self):
        print("""
        -----info of  Student:%s-------------
        Name:%s
        Age:%s
        Sex:%s
        Stu_id:%s
        Grade:%s
        """ % (self.name, self.name, self.age, self.sex, self.stu_id, self.grade))
    def  pay_tuition(self,amount):
        print("%s has paid tuition for $%s"%(self.name,amount))
school=School("laonanhai","shanxi")

t1=Teacher("Oldboy",22,"MF",2000,"Linux")
t2=Teacher("song",20,"M",2000,"Python")
s1=Student("Bai",20,"Mf",1001,"Python")
s2=Student("xiaoBai",21,"Mf",1002,"Linux")
t1.tell()
s1.tell()
school.hire(t1)
school.enroll(s1)
school.enroll(s2)


school.staffs[0].teach()

for stu  in school.students:
    stu.pay_tuition(5000)
------------------------------多态-----------------
一种接口，多种实现
python不直接支持多态，但可以哦间接实现
class Animal:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
    def talk(self):
        pass
    @staticmethod      #略
    def animal_talk(obj):
        obj.talk()
class Cat(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print('Meow!')
class Dog(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print('Wangwang!')

d=Dog("zhangdongyu")
d.talk()
c=Cat("shabia")
Animal.animal_talk(c)
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