# coding=utf-8
'''
Created on 2015-7-20
@author: xhw
@explain: 实现GET方法和POST方法请求
'''
from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import urllib
class ServerHTTP(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
path = self.path
print path
# 拆分url(也可根据拆分的url获取Get提交才数据),可以将不同的path和参数加载不同的html页面，或调用不同的方法返回不同的数据，来实现简单的网站或接口
query = urllib.splitquery(path)
print query
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
self.send_header("test", "This is test!")
self.end_headers()
buf = '''<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head><title>Get page</title></head>
<body>
<form action="post_page" method="post">
username: <input type="text" name="username" /><br />
password: <input type="text" name="password" /><br />
<input type="submit" value="POST" />
</form>
</body>
</html>'''
self.wfile.write(buf)
def do_POST(self):
path = self.path
print path
# 获取post提交的数据
datas = self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['content-length']))
datas = urllib.unquote(datas).decode("utf-8", 'ignore')
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
self.send_header("test", "This is test!")
self.end_headers()
buf = '''<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head><title>Post page</title></head>
<body>Post Data:%s <br />Path:%s</body>
</html>''' % (datas, self.path)
self.wfile.write(buf)
def start_server(port):
http_server = HTTPServer(('', int(port)), ServerHTTP)
http_server.serve_forever()
if __name__ == "__main__":
start_server(8000)
在浏览器输入：http://127.0.0.1:8000 即可出现界面。
点击“检查”，查看network:可以看到response Headers 为：
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: BaseHTTP/0.3 Python/2.7.14
Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2018 08:54:40 GMT
Content-type: text/html
test: This is test!
2.利用socket创建web服务器：
#coding=utf-8
import socket
from multiprocessing import Process
HTML_ROOT_DIR = ""
def handle_client(client_socket):
'''
处理客户端请求
'''
#获取客户端数据
request_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
print 'request_data:',request_data
#构造响应数据
response_start_line = 'HTTP/1.1 200 ok\r\n'
response_head = 'Server:My server\r\n'
response_body = 'hello nanxiaoting'
response = response_start_line + response_head + '\r\n' + response_body
print 'response:',response
#向客户端返回响应数据
#client_socket.send(bytes(response,'utf-8')) #python3
client_socket.send(bytes(response.encode)) #python2
#关闭客户端连接
client_socket.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.bind(('', 8000))
server_socket.listen(128)
while(1):
client_socket,client_address = server_socket.accept()
print "[%s,%s]用户连接上了" % client_address
handele_client_process = Process(target=handle_client,args=(client_socket,))
handele_client_process.start()
client_socket.close()
在浏览器输入：http://127.0.0.1:8000
这时，会在pycharm运行出结果：
[127.0.0.1,45214]用户连接上了
[127.0.0.1,45216]用户连接上了
request_data: GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.87 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
response: HTTP/1.1 200 ok
Server:My server
hello nanxiaoting由于才开始接触web服务，对这个理解不是很深，这个程序相当于为服务器。而我们的浏览器相当于客户端，发送请求。在后期，我们可以自己编写测试程序，就是扮演浏览器客户端的角色。
3.静态文件的web服务器代码
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import re
from multiprocessing import Process
'''
静态文件的web服务器代码
'''
#常量所有的字母必须大写，设置静态文件根目录
HTML_ROOT_DIR = "./"
def handle_client(client_socket):
'''
处理客户端请求
'''
#获取客户端数据
request_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
print 'request_data:',request_data
request_lines = request_data.splitlines()
for line in request_lines:
print 'line:',line
#GET / HTTP/1.1
request_start_line = request_lines[0]
print 'request_start_line:',request_start_line
#提取用户请求的文件名
file_name = re.match(r"\w+ +/([^ ]*) ",request_start_line).group(1)
print 'file_name:',file_name
if '/' == '/index.html':
file_name = '/index.html'
#打开文件，读取内容
try:
file = open(HTML_ROOT_DIR + file_name,'rb')
print 'file:',file
except IOError:
response_start_line = 'HTTP/1.1 404 not found\r\n'
response_head = 'Server:My server\r\n'
response_body = 'The file is not found' # !!!!!!
else:
file_data = file.read()
file.close()
# 构造响应数据
response_start_line = 'HTTP/1.1 200 ok\r\n'
response_head = 'Server:My server\r\n'
response_body = file_data # !!!!!!
finally:
response = response_start_line + response_head + '\r\n' + response_body
print 'response:', response
#向客户端返回响应数据
#client_socket.send(bytes(response,'utf-8')) #python3
client_socket.send(bytes(response.encode)) #python2
#关闭客户端连接
client_socket.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1) #可重复利用，不然重新运行，显示端口已被占用
server_socket.bind(('', 8000))
server_socket.listen(128)
while(1):
client_socket,client_address = server_socket.accept()
print "[%s,%s]用户连接上了" % client_address
handele_client_process = Process(target=handle_client,args=(client_socket,))
handele_client_process.start()
client_socket.close()
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>My web</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hi</h1>
<p1>hello world</p1>
</body>
</html>在浏览器输入：http://127.0.0.1:8000/index.html
在pycharm下运行结果为：
[127.0.0.1,53972]用户连接上了
[127.0.0.1,53974]用户连接上了
request_data: GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.87 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
line: GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
line: Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
line: Connection: keep-alive
line: Cache-Control: max-age=0
line: Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
line: User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.87 Safari/537.36
line: Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
line: Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
line: Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
line:
request_start_line: GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
file_name: index.html
file: <open file './index.html', mode 'rb' at 0x7f1ddbec99c0>
response: HTTP/1.1 200 ok
Server:My server
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>My web</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hi</h1>
<p1>hello world</p1>
</body>
</html>