第一步:在web项目的引用中添加log4net.dll,可以通过Nuget直接下载并安装;
第二步:在web项目的web.config配置文件的configuration节点内添加log4net节点,在configSections 节点内添加log4net.dll的配置,如:
<configSections> <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 --> <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" /> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/> </configSections>
<log4net debug="true"> <!-- name属性指定其名称,type则是log4net.Appender命名空间的一个类的名称,意思是,指定使用哪种介质--> <appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender"> <!--日志缓存写入条数 设置为0时只要有一条就立刻写到数据库--> <bufferSize value="0" /> <!--日志数据库连接串--> <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=1.0.5000.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> <connectionString value="DATABASE=GCP;SERVER=.;UID=sa;PWD=20180517;Connect Timeout=30;" /> <!--日志数据库脚本--> <commandText value="INSERT INTO LogDetails ([LogDate],[LogThread],[LogLevel],[LogLogger],[LogActionClick],[LogMessage],[UserName],[UserIP]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger, @ActionsClick, @message,@UserName,@UserIP)" /> <!--日志时间LogDate --> <parameter> <parameterName value="@log_date" /> <dbType value="DateTime" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" /> </parameter> <!--线程号--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@thread" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="100" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%t" /> </layout> </parameter> <!--日志类型LogLevel --> <parameter> <parameterName value="@log_level" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="200" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%p" /> </layout> </parameter> <!--日志名称--> <parameter> <parameterName value="@logger" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="500" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%logger" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@message" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="3000" /> <layout type="Log4NetApply.MyLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%property{Message}" /> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@ActionsClick" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="4000" /> <layout type="Log4NetApply.MyLayout" > <conversionPattern value = "%property{ActionsClick}"/> </layout> </parameter> <!--自定义UserName --> <parameter> <parameterName value="@UserName" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="30" /> <layout type="Log4NetApply.MyLayout" > <!--log4net.MDC.Set("UserName", "asdfasdf"); <conversionPattern value = "%X{UserName}"/>--> <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserName}"/> </layout> </parameter> <parameter> <parameterName value="@UserIP" /> <dbType value="String" /> <size value="20" /> <layout type="Log4NetApply.MyLayout" > <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserIP}"/> </layout> </parameter> </appender> <!-- setup the root category, add the appenders and set the default level --> <root> <!--<level value="Warn"/>--> <!-- 定义记录的日志级别--> <!--<level value="Info"/>--> <level value="Debug"/> <!--<level value="Fine"/>--> <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" /> <!-- 记录到什么介质中--> </root> <!-- specify the level for some specific categories --> <!--//关于上边root到logger这块,如果同时出现,有可能会出现重复插入记录的情况:--> <!--<logger name="iNotes"> <level value="WARN"/> <level value="INFO"/> <level value="DEBUG"/> <level value="FINE"/> <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/> </logger> <logger name="StellaLogger"> <level value="ALL"/> <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender" /> </logger>--> <appender name="ReflectionLayout" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender,log4net"> <!--日志文件路径,按文件大小方式输出时在这里指定文件名,并且前面的日志按天在文件名后自动添加当天日期形成文件--> <param name="File" value="D:/Log/" /> <!--是否追加到文件--> <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" /> <!--记录日志写入文件时,不锁定文本文件--> <!--<lockingModel type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender+MinimalLock" />--> <!--Unicode编码--> <!--<Encoding value="UTF-8" />--> <!--最多产生的日志文件数,value="-1"为不限文件数--> <!--<param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="10" />--> <!--是否只写到一个文件中--> <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" /> <!--按照何种方式产生多个日志文件(日期[Date],文件大小[Size],混合[Composite])--> <param name="RollingStyle" value="Composite" /> <!--按日期产生文件夹,文件名[在日期方式与混合方式下使用]--> <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\\yyyyMM\\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" /> <!--<param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy-MM-dd/" ReflectionLayout.log="" />--> <!--<param name="DatePattern" value="yyyyMMdd/yyyyMMdd"-TimerServer.log"" />--> <!--<param name="DatePattern" value="yyyyMMdd/"TimerServer/TimerServer.log"" />--> <!--每个文件的大小。只在混合方式与文件大小方式下使用,超出大小的在文件名后自动增加1重新命名--> <param name="maximumFileSize" value="500KB" /> <!--记录的格式。--> <layout type="TGLog.ExpandLayout2.ReflectionLayout,TGLog"> <param name="ConversionPattern" value="记录时间:%date 线程ID:[%thread] 日志级别:%-5level 记录类:%logger 操作者ID:%property{Operator} 操作类型:%property{Action}%n 当前机器名:%property%n当前机器名及登录用户:%username %n 记录位置:%location%n 消息描述:%property{Message}%n 异常:%exception%n 消息:%message%newline%n%n" /> </layout> </appender> </log4net>
上述配置代码parameter节点的其中四个参数【message,ActionsClick,UserName,UserIP】需要我们自己传递的日志数据,所以这四个节点对应的数据来自于我们自定义类型的属性,并需要对应的工具类去解析,<layout type="Log4NetApply.MyLayout" > ,MyLayout是自定义的工具解析类名称,Log4NetApply是MyLayout类型的命名空间;
第三步:新建日志实体类和解析工具类
namespace Log4NetApply { /// <summary> /// 包含了所有的自定字段属性 /// </summary> public class LogContent { public LogContent(string macAddress, string computerName, string actionsclick, string description) { UserIP = macAddress; UserName = computerName; ActionsClick = actionsclick; Message = description; } /// <summary> /// 访问IP /// </summary> public string UserIP { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 系统登陆用户 /// </summary> public string UserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 动作事件 /// </summary> public string ActionsClick { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 日志描述信息 /// </summary> public string Message { get; set; } } public class MyLayout : PatternLayout { public MyLayout() { this.AddConverter("property", typeof(LogInfoPatternConverter)); } } public class LogInfoPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter { protected override void Convert(System.IO.TextWriter writer, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { if (Option != null) { // Write the value for the specified key WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, LookupProperty(Option, loggingEvent)); } else { // Write all the key value pairs WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties()); } } /// <summary> /// 通过反射获取传入的日志对象的某个属性的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="property"></param> /// <returns></returns> private object LookupProperty(string property, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { object propertyValue = string.Empty; PropertyInfo propertyInfo = loggingEvent.MessageObject.GetType().GetProperty(property); if (propertyInfo != null) propertyValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(loggingEvent.MessageObject, null); return propertyValue; } } public class LogHelp { public static log4net.ILog logger = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType); } }
第四步:在文件Startup.cs中添加注册配置文件的代码
[assembly: OwinStartupAttribute(typeof(WebApplication2.Startup))] [assembly: log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator(ConfigFile = "Web.config", Watch = true)] namespace WebApplication2 { public partial class Startup { public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) { ConfigureAuth(app); } } }
第五步:在Global.asax文件中添加初始化log4net的代码
protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(); }
第六步:测试
public ActionResult Index() { try { LogHelp.logger.Info(new LogContent("", "", "Test", "Test")); int i = int.Parse("s"); } catch (Exception ex) { LogHelp.logger.Error(new LogContent("", "", "Test", ex.Message + ";" + ex.StackTrace)); } return View(); }
上述所有的一切只为得到结果