第28课 - 主窗口中的工具栏（NotePad工具栏）

1、主窗口中的工具栏 

工具栏的概念和意义 

         －应用程序中集成各种功能实现快捷使用的一个区域

         －工具栏并不是应用程序中必须存在的组件 

         －工具栏中的元素可以是各种窗口组件 

         －工具栏中的元素通常以图标按钮的方式存在 

主窗口中的工具栏  

           在Qt中提供与工具栏相关的类组件 

在Qt主窗口中创建工具栏 

QToolBar的关键成员函数 

          - void setFloatable(bool floatable) 

          - void setMovable(bool movable) 

          - void setIconSize(const QSize& iconSize) 

 

QToolBar中可以加入任意的QWidget组件 

2、编程实验 

工具栏的初体验    28-1.pro 

MainWindow.cpp

#include "MainWindow.h"
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QAction>
#include <QIcon>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    QToolBar* tb = addToolBar("Tool Bar");
    QAction* action = new QAction("", NULL);

    tb->setFloatable(false);
    tb->setMovable(false);

    action->setToolTip("Open");
    action->setIcon(QIcon(":/Res/open.png"));

    tb->addAction(action);

    QPushButton* b = new QPushButton("Button");
    QLabel* l = new QLabel("Label");
    QLineEdit* e = new QLineEdit();

    tb->addWidget(b);
    tb->addWidget(l);
    tb->addWidget(e);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    
}

3、NotePad分析

                                             添加工具栏后

3、编程实验 

工具栏实战      NotePad.pro 

MainWindow.h

#ifndef _MAINWINDOW_H_
#define _MAINWINDOW_H_

#include <QtGui/QMainWindow>
#include <QKeySequence>
#include <QMenuBar>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QAction>

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

private:
    MainWindow();
    MainWindow(const MainWindow&);
    MainWindow& operator= (const MainWindow&);

    bool construct();
    bool initMenuBar();
    bool initToolBar();

    bool initFileMenu(QMenuBar* mb);
    bool initEditMenu(QMenuBar* mb);
    bool initFormatMenu(QMenuBar* mb);
    bool initViewMenu(QMenuBar* mb);
    bool initHelpMenu(QMenuBar* mb);

    bool initFileToolItem(QToolBar* tb);
    bool initEditToolItem(QToolBar* tb);
    bool initFormatToolItem(QToolBar* tb);
    bool initViewToolItem(QToolBar* tb);

    bool makeAction(QAction*& action, QString text, int key);
    bool makeAction(QAction*& action, QString tip, QString icon);
public:
    static MainWindow* NewInstance();
    ~MainWindow();
};

#endif // _MAINWINDOW_H_

MainWindow.cpp

#include "MainWindow.h"
#include <QMenu>
#include <QIcon>
#include <QSize>
#include <QLabel>

MainWindow::MainWindow()
{

}

MainWindow* MainWindow::NewInstance()
{
    MainWindow* ret = new MainWindow();

    if( (ret == NULL) || !ret->construct() )
    {
        delete ret;
        ret = NULL;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::construct()
{
    bool ret = true;

    ret = ret && initMenuBar();
    ret = ret && initToolBar();

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initMenuBar()
{
    bool ret = true;
    QMenuBar* mb = menuBar();

    ret = ret && initFileMenu(mb);
    ret = ret && initEditMenu(mb);
    ret = ret && initFormatMenu(mb);
    ret = ret && initViewMenu(mb);
    ret = ret && initHelpMenu(mb);

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initToolBar()
{
    bool ret = true;
    QToolBar* tb = addToolBar("Tool Bar");

    tb->setIconSize(QSize(16, 16));

    ret = ret && initFileToolItem(tb);

    tb->addSeparator();

    ret = ret && initEditToolItem(tb);

    tb->addSeparator();

    ret = ret && initFormatToolItem(tb);

    tb->addSeparator();

    ret = ret && initViewToolItem(tb);

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initFileMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
    QMenu* menu = new QMenu("File(&F)");
    bool ret = (menu != NULL);

    if( ret )
    {
        QAction* action = NULL;

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New(&N)", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_N);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open(&O)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_O);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save(&S)", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_S);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As(&A)...", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        menu->addSeparator();

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print(&P)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_P);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        menu->addSeparator();

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Exit(&X)", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }
    }

    if( ret )
    {
        mb->addMenu(menu);
    }
    else
    {
        delete menu;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initEditMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
    QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Edit(&E)");
    bool ret = (menu != NULL);

    if( ret )
    {
        QAction* action = NULL;

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo(&U)", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Z);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo(&R)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Y);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        menu->addSeparator();

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Cut(&T)", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_X);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Copy(&C)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_C);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Paste(&P)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_V);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Delete(&L)", Qt::Key_Delete);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        menu->addSeparator();

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Find(&F)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_F);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Replace(&R)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_H);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Goto(&G)...", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_G);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        menu->addSeparator();

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Select All(&A)", Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_A);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }
    }

    if( ret )
    {
        mb->addMenu(menu);
    }
    else
    {
        delete menu;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initFormatMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
    QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Format(&O)");
    bool ret = (menu != NULL);

    if( ret )
    {
        QAction* action = NULL;

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Auto Wrap(&W)", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Font(&F)...", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }
    }

    if( ret )
    {
        mb->addMenu(menu);
    }
    else
    {
        delete menu;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initViewMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
    QMenu* menu = new QMenu("View(&V)");
    bool ret = (menu != NULL);

    if( ret )
    {
        QAction* action = NULL;

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Tool Bar(&T)", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Status Bar(&S)", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }
    }

    if( ret )
    {
        mb->addMenu(menu);
    }
    else
    {
        delete menu;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initHelpMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
    QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Help(&H)");
    bool ret = (menu != NULL);

    if( ret )
    {
        QAction* action = NULL;

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "User Manual", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }

        ret = ret && makeAction(action, "About NotePad...", 0);

        if( ret )
        {
            menu->addAction(action);
        }
    }

    if( ret )
    {
        mb->addMenu(menu);
    }
    else
    {
        delete menu;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initFileToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
    bool ret = true;
    QAction* action = NULL;

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New", ":/res/pic/new.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open", ":/res/pic/open.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save", ":/res/pic/save.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As", ":/res/pic/saveas.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print", ":/res/pic/print.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }


    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initEditToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
    bool ret = true;
    QAction* action = NULL;

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo", ":/res/pic/undo.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo", ":/res/pic/redo.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Cut", ":/res/pic/cut.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Copy", ":/res/pic/copy.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Paste", ":/res/pic/paste.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Find", ":/res/pic/find.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Replace", ":/res/pic/replace.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Goto", ":/res/pic/goto.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initFormatToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
    bool ret = true;
    QAction* action = NULL;

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Auto Wrap", ":/res/pic/wrap.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Font", ":/res/pic/font.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::initViewToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
    bool ret = true;
    QAction* action = NULL;

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Tool Bar", ":/res/pic/tool.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Status Bar", ":/res/pic/status.png");

    if( ret )
    {
        tb->addAction(action);
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString text, int key)
{
    bool ret = true;

    action = new QAction(text, NULL);

    if( action != NULL )
    {
        action->setShortcut(QKeySequence(key));
    }
    else
    {
        ret = false;
    }

    return ret;
}

bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString tip, QString icon)
{
    bool ret = true;

    action = new QAction("", NULL);

    if( action != NULL )
    {
        action->setToolTip(tip);
        action->setIcon(QIcon(icon));
    }
    else
    {
        ret = false;
    }

    return ret;
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    
}

main.cpp

#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include "MainWindow.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow* w = MainWindow::NewInstance();
    int ret = -1;

    if( w != NULL )
    {
        w->show();

        ret = a.exec();
    }

    delete w;

    return ret;
}

4、小结 

工具栏是集成各种功能的一个快捷区域 

Qt中通过QToolBar进行工具栏的创建 

QToolBar能够加入任意的QWidget组件 

QToolBar中的元素通常以图标按钮的方式存在