c#MVC汇出Excel的三种方法

初学C#，入职不久，公司考核项目，其中就有将同比环比数据导出Excel,网上找了很多的例子，非常头痛，所以发誓自己写完了就吧所有的集中在一起，当然参照了很多博客，其中一篇有三种方法，想引入进来，但是忘记地址了，万分抱歉，闲话少说

1.第一种 IO流

两个参数 TranDate, BranchCode 一个为时间，一个为分店号，我是用这两个参数获取数据的，主要获取DataTable,按你自己的方式，从数据库获取DataTable数据，再操作。

将数据表的内容导出到excel中
public void OutDataExcel(DateTime TranDate, int BranchCode)
{
//获取数据
BranchSaleBLL branchSaleBLL = new BranchSaleBLL();
DataTable dt = branchSaleBLL.GetSaleInfo(TranDate, BranchCode);
string shtnl = "";
shtnl = "<table border='1' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='1'>";
shtnl = shtnl + "<tr>";
shtnl += "<th>分店号</th>";
shtnl += "<th>分店名</th>";
shtnl += "<th>产品类型编号</th>";
shtnl += "<th>产品类型</th>";
shtnl += "<th>当月销售总额</th>";
shtnl += "<th>同比</th>";
shtnl += "<th>环比</th>";
shtnl += "</tr>";
//以上代码为表头，这个循环从数据库表头还没去尝试，以上写死
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
    shtnl = shtnl + "<tr>";
    for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
    {
        shtnl = shtnl + "<td>" + dt.Rows[i][j] + "</td>";
    }
    shtnl = shtnl + "</tr>";
}
shtnl = shtnl + "</table>";
ExportToExcel("application/x-excel", TranDate.Year + "年" + TranDate.Month + "月销售情况.xls", shtnl);
}

public void ExportToExcel(string FieldType, string FileName, string dt)
{
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8).ToString());
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = FieldType;
StringWriter tw = new StringWriter();
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Output.Write(dt);
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}

ResponseObject是一个响应类我定义了一个全局的ResponseObject实例

/// <summary>
 /// 响应对象
 /// </summary>
 public class ResponseObject
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// 响应状态码
     /// </summary>
     public int StatusCode { get; set; }

     /// <summary>
     /// 响应消息
     /// </summary>
     public string Message { get; set; }

     /// <summary>
     /// 响应数据
     /// </summary>
     public object Data { get; set; }
 }

前段调取接口要用window.open();如下所示，用ajax好像不可以。

window.open("/BranchSale/DownloadFile?TranDate=" + ChooseTime + "&BranchCode=" + branchCode, "exportxls", null);

如上第一中方法，这样就可以导出了。

2.利用微软软件汇出Excel

/ <summary>
/ 第二种方法，利用微软自带插件
/ </summary>
/ <returns></returns>
public ActionResult DownloadFile(DateTime TranDate, int BranchCode)
{
try
{
    BranchSaleBLL branchSaleBLL = new BranchSaleBLL();
    System.Data.DataTable dt = branchSaleBLL.GetSaleInfo(TranDate, BranchCode);
    if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
    {
        //Excel文件名
        var excelName = dt.Rows[0][1].ToString() + TranDate.Year + '年' + TranDate.Month;
        string str = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.PhysicalApplicationPath).ToString() + "Excel\\" + excelName + "月销售情况.xls";
        if (System.IO.File.Exists(str))
        {
            //如果存在则删除
            System.IO.File.Delete(str);
        }

        DataToExcel.DataTableToExcel(dt, str);
        return File(str, "application/vnd.ms-excel", excelName + "月销售情况.xls");
    }
    else
    {
        responseObject.StatusCode = (int)StatusCode.Fail;
        responseObject.Message = "无记录";
        responseObject.Data = null;
    }
    return Json(responseObject, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
catch
{
    throw;
}
}

public static void DataTableToExcel(System.Data.DataTable datas, string path)
{

Application application = new Application();
application.SheetsInNewWorkbook = 1;
application.Workbooks.Add();
Worksheet sheet = (Worksheet)application.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets[1];

for (int i = 0; i < datas.Columns.Count; i++)
{
sheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = datas.Columns[i].ColumnName;
}

for (int i = 0; i < datas.Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < datas.Columns.Count; j++)
{
  sheet.Cells[2 + i, j + 1] = datas.Rows[i][j].ToString();
}
}
application.Visible = false;
int FormatNum;//保存excel文件的格式
string Version;//excel版本号
Version = application.Version;//获取你使用的excel 的版本号
if (Convert.ToDouble(Version) < 12)//You use Excel 97-2003
{
FormatNum = -4143;
}
else//you use excel 2007 or later
{
FormatNum = 56;
}
try
{
application.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs(path, FormatNum);
}
catch
{
}
application.Quit();
}

上述获取版本信息，主要是2003扩展名为xls，2007为xlsx，所以有区别。

3.利用NPOI插件导出Excel，强烈建议使用此方法
为什么强烈推荐使用此方法，因为我们要吧项目放到服务器上，而服务器上是没有微软插件的，所以第二种行不通，并且使用此插件的话，速度更快，所以推荐使用此方法
1）添加引用
右键点击项目，找到“管理NuGet程序包”，弹出框，点浏览，再在输入框输入NPOI,点击面板上的安装，1.5M，下完就引入了就可以使用了。
引入命名空间

using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using System.IO;

public ActionResult DownloadFile(DateTime TranDate, int BranchCode)
{
try
{
BranchSaleBLL branchSaleBLL = new BranchSaleBLL();
System.Data.DataTable dt = branchSaleBLL.GetSaleInfo(TranDate, BranchCode);
if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
//Excel文件名
var excelName = dt.Rows[0][1].ToString() + TranDate.Year + '年' + TranDate.Month;
string str = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.PhysicalApplicationPath).ToString() + "Excel\\" + excelName + "月销售情况.xls";
if (System.IO.File.Exists(str))
{
//如果存在则删除
System.IO.File.Delete(str);
}

DataToExcel.TableToExcel(dt, str);
// System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);
return File(str, "application/vnd.ms-excel", excelName + "月销售情况.xls");
}
else
{
responseObject.StatusCode = (int)StatusCode.Fail;
responseObject.Message = "无记录";
responseObject.Data = null;
}
return Json(responseObject, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
catch
{
throw;
}
}

public static void TableToExcel(System.Data.DataTable dt, string file)
{
 IWorkbook workbook;
 string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
 if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); } else { workbook = null; }
 if (workbook == null) { return; }
 ISheet sheet = string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName) ? workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1") : workbook.CreateSheet(dt.TableName);

 //表头  
 IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
 {
     ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
     cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
 }

 //数据  
 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
 {
     IRow row1 = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);
     for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
     {
         ICell cell = row1.CreateCell(j);
         cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
     }
 }

 //转为字节数组  
 MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
 workbook.Write(stream);
 var buf = stream.ToArray();

 //保存为Excel文件  
 using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
 {
     fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
     fs.Flush();
 }
}

这三种方法都可以导出Excel，推荐第三种

c#MVC汇出Excel的三种方法

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