Spring Security简介及简单使用

Spring Security简介

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean,充分利用了Spring IoC,DI(控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入)和AOP(面向切面编程)功能,为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能,减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

Spring Security入门小Demo

最简单Demo

(1)创建工程spring-security-demo ,pom.xml内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.demo</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-security-demo</artifactId>

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>

        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>

            <version>2.5</version>

            <scope>provided</scope>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

      <plugins>    

          <!-- java编译插件 -->

          <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>3.2</version>

                <configuration>

                    <source>1.7</source>

                    <target>1.7</target>

                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>

                </configuration>

          </plugin>     

          <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>

                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>

                <configuration>

                    <!-- 指定端口 -->

                    <port>9090</port>

                    <!-- 请求路径 -->

                    <path>/</path>

                </configuration>

          </plugin>

       </plugins> 

    </build>

</project>

(2)创建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

    version="2.5">     

     <context-param>

        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>

     </context-param>

     <listener>

        <listener-class>

            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

        </listener-class>

     </listener>

     <filter> 

        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> 

     </filter> 

     <filter-mapping> 

        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> 

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 

     </filter-mapping> 

</web-app>

(3)创建index.html   内容略

(4)创建spring 配置文件spring-security.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"

    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

 

    <!-- 页面拦截规则 -->

    <http use-expressions="false">

        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />

        <form-login/>  

    </http>

 

    <!-- 认证管理器 -->

    <authentication-manager>

        <authentication-provider>

            <user-service>

                <user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>

            </user-service>    

        </authentication-provider> 

    </authentication-manager>

</beans:beans>

此案例我们没有登录页,而是使用了系统自动生成的登陆页,效果如下:

配置说明:

intercept-url 表示拦截页面  

/*  表示的是该目录下的资源,只包括本级目录不包括下级目录

/** 表示的是该目录以及该目录下所有级别子目录的资源

form-login  为开启表单登陆

use-expressions 为是否使用使用 Spring 表达式语言( SpEL ),默认为true ,如果开启,则拦截的配置应该写成以下形式

<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')" />

 

1.2.2用户自定义登录页

实际开发中,我们不可能使用系统生成的登录页,而是使用我们自己的登录页。

(1)构建登陆页:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>登陆</title>

</head>

<body> 

    <form action='/login' method='POST'>

        <table>

            <tr>

                <td>用户名:</td>

                <td><input type='text' name='username' value=''></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td>密码:</td>

                <td><input type='password' name='password' /></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"

                    value="登陆" /></td>

            </tr>

        </table>

    </form>

</body>

</html>

  1. 构建登陆失败页  login_error.html(内容略)

(3)修改 spring 配置文件spring-security.xml 

    <!-- 以下页面不被拦截 -->

    <http pattern="/login.html" security="none"></http>

    <http pattern="/login_error.html" security="none"></http>

    <!-- 页面拦截规则 -->

    <http use-expressions="false">

        <intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" />

        <form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>   

        <csrf disabled="true"/>

    </http>

security="none"  设置此资源不被拦截. 
如果你没有设置登录页security="none"  ,将会出现以下错误

因为登录页会被反复重定向。

login-page:指定登录页面。
authentication-failure-url:指定了身份验证失败时跳转到的页面。
default-target-url:指定了成功进行身份验证和授权后默认呈现给用户的页面。

csrf disabled="true"  关闭csrf ,如果不加会出现错误

CSRF(Cross-site request forgery)跨站请求伪造,也被称为“One Click Attack”或者Session Riding,通常缩写为CSRF或者XSRF,是一种对网站的恶意利用。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/Deltao_Taic/article/details/81564091