Android - 运行时权限

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自从安卓6.0系统开始，Android中引入了运行时权限，需要在代码中动态申请，下面是需要动态申请的所有运行时权限：
这里有两点需要注意：
1.运行时权限在安卓6.0系统及以上版本中只在AndroidManifest.xml配置中是不行的，还需要在代码中动态申请，可参考文章末尾的例子。
2.每个运行时权限都属于一个权限组，我们在申请某一权限并通过用户的授权后，该权限所在的权限组中其它的权限也会被授权。

/**
 * 运行时权限（危险权限）一共是9组24个权限：
 *
 * 权限组名              权限名
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * CALENDAR             READ_CALENDAR
 *                      WRITE_CALENDAR
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * CAMERA               CAMERA
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * CONTACTS             READ_CONTACTS
 *                      WRITE_CONTACTS
 *                      GET_ACCOUNTS
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * LOCATION             ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
 *                      ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * MICROPHONE           RECORD_AUDIO
 * ----------------------------------------------
 * PHONE                READ_PHONE_STATE
 *                      CALL_PHONE
 *                      READ_CALL_LOG
 *                      WRITE_CALL_LOG
 *                      ADD_VOICEMAIL
 *                      USE_SIP
 *                      PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
 * -----------------------------------------------
 * SENSORS              BODY_SENSORS
 * -----------------------------------------------
 * SMS                  SEND_SMS
 *                      RECEIVE_SMS
 *                      READ_SMS
 *                      RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
 *                      RECEIVE_MMS
 * -----------------------------------------------
 * STORAGE              READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
 *                      WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
 * -----------------------------------------------
 */

下面附上在代码中申请运行时权限的完整Demo（以拨打电话为例）：

public class RuntimePermissionActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int REQUEST_CODE_CALL_PHONE = 1;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_runtime_permission);
    }

    /**
     * 按钮点击事件，点击按钮拨打电话
     * @param view
     */
    public void makecall(View view) {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, REQUEST_CODE_CALL_PHONE);
        } else {
            call();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case REQUEST_CODE_CALL_PHONE:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    call();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "用户拒绝该权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:

                break;
        }
    }

    private void call() {
        try {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:12580"));
            startActivity(intent);
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}