使用场景:办公网络用来处理日常工作事物,同时使用无线访问外网,搜索查询所需的材料。
由于内外网段是确定可控的,因此考虑默认路由走外网,需要访问的内网网段通过静态路由投递到对应的网关,这些设置中Metric是关键,表示通信的代价,数据包选择最小的值进行转发。
执行ifconfig查看当前网卡的ip状况。
enp0s31f6: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 100.101.44.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 100.101.44.255
inet6 fe80::c687:b2a5:27e8:ebd4 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 8c:16:45:6e:15:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1544 bytes 166833 (166.8 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 2885 bytes 282031 (282.0 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 16 memory 0xf1300000-f1320000
wlp5s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.43.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.43.255
inet6 fe80::ba5f:53e8:daa6:ccea prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 94:b8:6d:3b:e1:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 90437 bytes 83894639 (83.8 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 83414 bytes 12013802 (12.0 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
其中的一些虚拟网卡忽略即可,enp0s31f6设备就是配置的重点。
执行route查看当前的路由表情况。
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 600 0 0 wlp5s0
default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 20100 0 0 enp0s31f6
100.101.44.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s31f6
link-local 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 enp0s31f6
192.168.43.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 600 0 0 wlp5s0
添加三条示例性的静态路由。
sudo route add -net 100.100.54.0/24 gw 100.101.44.1 dev enp0s31f6
sudo route add -net 100.100.57.0/24 gw 100.101.44.1 dev enp0s31f6
sudo route add -net 100.101.43.0/24 gw 100.101.44.1 dev enp0s31f6
之后的路由表如下所示。
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 600 0 0 wlp5s0
default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 20100 0 0 enp0s31f6
100.100.54.0 _gateway 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 enp0s31f6
100.100.57.0 _gateway 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 enp0s31f6
100.101.43.0 _gateway 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 enp0s31f6
100.101.44.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s31f6
link-local 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 enp0s31f6
192.168.43.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 600 0 0 wlp5s0
由此实现双网卡的静态路由。